Objective To observe the differences in functional capacities generated by different simple breathing balloons extruded by different hand types and methods.Methods The lung functional measurement instrument was used to measure the generated functional capacities of two types of simple breathing balloon extruded by different hand methods: using big-, mid- and small-size hands with 5 fingers generally separately open and maximally extended states or with both small-size hands to extrude balloon; the effective generated gas quantity of the above methods were compared.Results ① Comparison between different balloons: the functional capacity generated by black rubber balloon extruded by any hand type was 68 - 132 mL lower than that generated by light blue silicon balloon. ② The comparison between different hand types: the functional capacities generated by any hand at maximally extended state in extruding balloon was 13 - 70 mL higher than that by hand commonly separate state; extrusion by a small size hand was nearly unable to reach 400 mL, while the functional capacity was 520 - 650 mL when the balloon was extruded by a big size hand, and 435 - 635 mL by a mid-size hand; it was necessary to use both small hands when the black rubber balloon was extruded, when the light blue silicon air bag was extruded, the functional capacity could reach 430 - 440 mL with a small size hand. ③ Difference in extruding methods: the functional capacity generated by either big size hand or mid-size hand with 5 fingers maximally extending state to extrude balloon was significantly higher than that with 5 fingers commonly separate state, the functional capacity generated by both small size hands with fingers maximally separating and extending state to extrude balloon was obviously higher than that generated by 5 fingers generally separating and extending state, the functional capacities generated by light blue silicon balloon were obviously higher than those by black rubber balloon, no matter the 5 fingers of big- or mid-size hand being at generally separating or extending state (mL: 623.00±21.11 vs. 522.00±41.85 by big size hand with common 5 fingers separate state, 649.00±26.01 vs. 575.00±58.55 by big sizehand with maximum 5 fingers extending state; 566.00±37.77 vs. 436.00±21.19 by mid-size hand with common 5 fingers separate state, 637.00±30.02 vs. 505.00±37.49 by mid-size hand with maximum 5 fingers extending state); the light blue silicon balloon extruded by small hand with 5 fingers at generally separate state and at maximally extending state could generate functional capacities (mL)432.00±13.02 and 444.00±37.18 respectively, significantly higher than those using the 2 types of hand state extruding a black rubber balloon (the tidal volume < 400 mL), the functional capacities generated by both small hands extruding a light blue silicon balloon was obviously higher than that by using a black rubber balloon (mL: 557.00±54.98 vs. 489.00±40.12, allP < 0.05).Conclusions Different functional capacities will be generated by different hand sizes, different hand extruding methods and types of simple breathing balloon, clinical application should be based on patients' body weights to decide their tidal volumes, and combined with the rescuers' hand sizes and types of simple breathing balloon to choose a proper extruding method for a certain patient, thus sufficient oxygen can be surely provided in time for him/her and rescue successful rate can be elevated.

Objective Little research has been done on how Cx37 changes the current density of mononuclear macrophage in atherosclerosis.The purpose of this study was to detect the effects of Cx37 on the current density of mononuclear macrophage in atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 30 Wistar mice were randomly divided into Cx37+ group and Cx37-group equally.The atherosclerosis model was constructed by a high-fat diet.According to different parts of sample collection, these two groups were subdivided into Cx37+ plaque group, Cx37-plaque group, Cx37+blood group and Cx37-blood group.RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of Cx37 in different body parts.The mononuclear macrophages were cultured after being separated from blood and plague in both groups.The current density of mononuclear macrophage was detected by the whole cell recording.Results The relative expression of Cx37 in Cx37 + plaque group was higher than that in plaque group ([1.10±0.02] vs [0.60±0.03]).Energy Spectrum CT was used to detect the carotid artery plaque in both Cx37 + and Cx37-groups, which verified the successful model construction.At 80,120 and 160ms, the current density in Cx37 + plaque group([0.61± 0.06], [0.67±0.07], [0.91±0.03]A/cm2) was significantly higher than those in Cx37 + blood group([0.49±0.02], [0.61±0.03], [0.67±0.02]A/cm2) , Cx37-plaque group([0.48±0.02], [0.60±0.02], [0.64±0.02]A/cm2) and Cx37-blood group([0.49±0.02], [0.59±0.02], [0.64±0.02]A/cm2).The same goes for those at 200, 240, 320ms(P<0.05).Conclusion Cx37 has more significant impact on the current density in the plaque of mononuclear macrophage than in the peripheral blood in promoting macrophages activation and atherosclerosis progress.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory dermatosis with a variety of clinical manifestations and difficult to cure. Currently, many AD drug candidates have entered the research and development pipeline. In order to provide technical specifications for the clinical development of AD drugs, the Center for Drug Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration released the "Technical Guidelines for Clinical Trials of Drugs for AD Treatment" (Draft for Comments) in November 2022. Non-clinical pharmacodynamics evaluation is an important research before the drug enters clinical trials. Oxazolone (OXA)- and 2,4-dinitro-fluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced models are the most popular classical hapten-induced AD murine models, but variations of modeling are existing in the methods from different studies, including sensitization sites, haptens' dosages, the period of challenges, and the skin lesions severity evaluation as well. In this study, the investigation of OXA- and DNFB-induced AD murine models with various conditions of modeling was performed to compare the characteristics of hapten-induced AD murine models in the pathological process and severity according to the appearance of AD patients, and the guidance of pharmacodynamics evaluation of AD-therapeutic drugs in clinical trials as well, which may provide a proposal for AD treatment drug candidates in the non-clinical pharmacodynamics evaluation. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care & Welfare Committee of Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (approval No.: 00007782 and 00007784).

Objective To explore the expression of silencer of death domains(SODD) and its clinical significance and relationship with phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in bone marrow cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)in children,and the expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 in Jurkat cells treated with chemotherapeutic drugs in order to find a new chemotherapeutic target.Methods The expressions of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in bone marrow cells were detected by immunohistochemistry in 25 children with ALL.The apoptosis incidence was measured by Annexin-V-Fluorescence/PI double-labeling flow cytometry and the expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins were determined by Western blotting in Jurkat cells.Results It was found that the expression of SODD and active p65 expression in ALL were significantly higher than those in healthy control group.The expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in the high-risk(HR) group was significantly higher than those in standard-risk(SR) group(Pa

Aged ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; classification ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the clinical efects of bovine lung phospholipid injection ( Kelisu ) combined nasal continuous positive airway pressure ( NCPAP ) for treating severe meconium aspiration syndrome( MAS).Methods Thirty-six infants with MAS in our de-partment were selected, and divided into two groups according to whether or not to use Kelisu.Control group were given NCPAP thera-py, treatment group were treated with Kelisu combined NCPAP.After using Kelisu 4, 12, 24, 48 h, blood PaCO2, blood PaO2, blood pH, FiO2 and PEEP were observed.We also observed the time of u-sing NCPAP, the oxygen cure time, the number of cases of diverted mechanical ventilation.Results Compared with the control group, the blood PaO2, blood pH after 4,12,24,48h treatment of the treat-ment group were higher,the blood PaCO2 , FiO2 and PEEP were low-er, and the time of using NCPAP, the oxygen cure time, the number of cases of diverted mechanical ventilation were less ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion Bovine lung phospholipid injection fcombined NCPAP for treating severe meconium aspiration syndrome has better efects and is worth clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To study nomal valuels of PI, RI and S/D in healthy male penile dorsum artery (DA) and cavernosal artery (CA). METHODS: 257 healthy mature men were divided into 5 groups by age. Group 1: <30, n=65; Group 2: 30-39, n=83; Group 3: 40-49, n=61; Group 4: 50-59, n=38; Group 5: > or = 60, n=10. Hibateral PI, RI and S/D values of penile dorsum artery and cavernosal artery were examined by Logidop(r)2 Type Digital Doppler Ultrasonography. RESULTS: There were no significant difference for PI, RI and S/D of penile dorsum artery and cavernosal artery not only in personal left and right artery but also in different age groups. Normal values advised: (1)LDA:PI 1.43-3.43, RI 0.72-0.92, S/D 2.68-10.56. (2)RDA PI 1.47-3.47, RI 0.73-0.93, S/D 3.27-10.09. (3)LCA:PI 1.49-3.21, RI 0.74-0.90, S/D 3.17-9.55. (4)RCA:PI 1.93-3.27, RI 0.72-0.90, S/D 3.22-9.42. CONCLUSION Doppler ultrasonography is a favorable method in filtering penile arterial function.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Arteries/diagnostic imaging* ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Impotence, Vasculogenic/diagnosis* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penis/diagnostic imaging* ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

OBJECTIVE: To access application value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) in investigation the coronary artery disease (CAD), and to explore the effective way of virtual autopsy to evaluate the sudden death due to CAD. METHODS: Nine cases of sudden cardiac death were collected to analyze MSCT before the autopsy. The quantitative analysis of the degree of coronary artery calcium was made by Agatston's method. The CACS of all the subjects were calculated based on the diagnostic criteria for CAD, in which calcium scoring was more than 400. The results of CACS were compared with that of the autopsy. RESULTS: Only 2 cases got the high calcium scoring which were more than 400 in the 9 cases died of CAD confirmed by the autopsy. The prediction rate of CACS for CAD was only 22.2%. Pulmonary edema of different severity was found in both autopsy and MSCT. There was a higher morbidity rate in the left anterior descending of coronary artery than the other branches. CONCLUSION Obvious calcification of coronary artery can be detected by MSCT and calculating CACS. To detect subtle calcification needs other technologies such as postmortem angiography.
Autopsy ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Death, Sudden/pathology* ; Humans ; Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods* ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging*

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (isolated from fraction A of Guizhi Tang) on activity of COX and PGE2 release in rat cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (rCMEC) stimulated by IL-1.

METHODrCMEC were cultured, and identified by immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor (VIII factor, a marker for all endothelial cells) in cytoplasm of the cells. Different concentrations of 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde were added respectively and incubated for 3 hours, then stimulated for another 12 hours by IL-1. Activities of COX-1 and COX-2 in rCMEC, and production of PGE2 in the conditioned media were measured by ELISA.

RESULTPositive immunostaining for VIII factor was present diffusely in the cytoplasm of > 90% rCMEC. After being exposed to 30 ng x mL(-1) IL, the activity of COX-2 in rCMEC and the production of PGE2 in conditioned media were higher than those of control group, while there was no difference on activity of COX-1 in the two groups. 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde could down-regulate them in concentration-dependently, and significant differences on the activity of COX-2 and amount of PGE2 were showed in 200 microg x mL(-1) concentration.

CONCLUSION2-methoxycinnamaldehyde can affect the PGE2 release in rCMEC induced by IL-1, which might be related with its inhibition on the activity of COX-2.

Acrolein ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclooxygenase 1 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Male ; Microcirculation ; cytology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To prepare,purify the recombinant proteins of HSP70-like protein 1 (HSPTOL1) with a large fragment of chicken ovalbumin (OVA),and to investigate the bio-function of the fusion protein,providing a basis for fur- ther study of the effect and the mechanism of HSPTOL1 as an adjuvant.Methods:The vector containing HSP70L1 cDNA and large fragment of OVA was constructed.The expression of OVA-HSP70L1 fusion protein was induced and the products were purified from inclusion bodies by His-Trap metal chelation chromatography and DEAE ion-exchange chromatography. The bio-activity of the fusion protein was examined by detecting its ability to activate dendritic ceils and to promote the se- cretion of cytokines.Results:The vector was successfully constructed and the molecular weight of the fused OVA- HSPTOL1 protein (with a purity of over 95%) was 68 000.The fusion protein effectively promoted the maturation of den- dritic cells and the production of cytokines such as interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-?.Conclusion:HSPTOL1 may be an effective adjuvant in the fusion protein and it may also promote antigen specific Thl type i mmol/Luno-respon- ses.