China ; Humans ; Occupational Health ; Solvents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of vasoactive substances in rabbits administered with mannitol at different dosages and to investigate the mechanism of acute renal failure (ARF) induced by massive mannitol administration. METHODS: Eighteen healthy male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: a minor mannitol group (n=6, mannitol 8 g/kg within 2 hours), a control group (n=6, saline of the same volume), and a massive mannitol group with free water taking (n=6, mannitol 40~60 g/kg within 3 days). The changes of renin, angiotensin-I (ang-I), angiotensin-II (ang-II), endothelin (ET), and atrial natriuretic factor(ANF) in the serum were observed. RESULTS: No significant changes in the renin, ang-I, ang-II, ET, and ANF in the serum were found between the minor mannitol group and the saline control group (P> 0.05). In the massive mannitol group with free water taking, renin, ang-I, and ang-II in the serum increased significantly compared with the other 2 groups; ET in the serum decreased significantly compared with the saline control group (P< 0.05); no significant changes in the ANF in the serum were found compared with the other 2 groups(P> 0.05). CONCLUSION ARF induced by massive mannitol administration is associated with a significant change of vasoactive substances.
Acute Kidney Injury ; blood ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Angiotensins ; blood ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; blood ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelins ; blood ; Male ; Mannitol ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Renal Circulation ; drug effects ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; drug effects

Objective: To investigate the relationship between P27，P53 and PCNA expression in human gastric carcinoma tissues and clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The expression of P27，P53 and PCNA in 62 human gastric carcinoma tissues was examined with immunohistochemistry SP method. Results: Positive rates of P27，P53 and PCNA expression were 37.1％, 40.4%，83.9％. P27 expression was related with Bormann type, infiltrative depth, lymph node and distant metastasis and clinical stage. P53 expression was related with sex of patients, distant metastasis and clinical stage. PCNA expression was related with age of patients and infiltrative depth of tumor. P27 positive expression group was higher than negative group as to 5-year survival. P27 expression was in reverse relation with PCNA expression. Conclusion: The expression of P27, P53 and PCNA may be regarded as an important marker in judging malignant degree of gastric carcinoma,distant metastasis and prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical features and prognostic factors of malignant ovarian teratoma.

METHODSEighty-four patients with malignant ovarian teratoma between 1954 and 2001 were studied retrospectively. All patients were treated with surgery, the mid-period of follow-up was 146 months. Patient characteristics, surgical therapy, pathologic diagnosis, histological grade, and follow-up data were extracted and survival curves were depicted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 10.0.

RESULTSThe average age was (33.5 +/- 16.1) years. Abdominal pain and abdominal extension were the main complaint. Thirty-seven women were diagnosed with malignant transformation of ovarian teratoma while 47 were of ovarian immature teratoma. Clinical stage was the only prognostic factor with significantly statistical differentiation. Five-year survival rate of malignant ovarian teratoma with stage I, II, III, and IV were (87.20 +/- 4.52)%, (50.00 +/- 35.36)%, (30.55 +/- 9.43)%, and 0.00%, respectively (P = 0.00). Five-year survival rate of ovarian immature teratoma with histological grade I, II, and III were (90.48 +/- 6.41)%, (68.75 +/- 11.59)%, and (57.14 +/- 16.38)%, respectively (P = 0.08). Among 31 women died of malignant ovarian teratoma, 27 (87.1%) died within 2 years after operation.

CONCLUSIONThis retrospective study suggests that malignant transformation of ovarian teratoma is clinically different from ovarian immature teratoma. Complete staging surgery or Debulking surgery followed by 4-6 courses adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, vincristine, and bleomycin are the principle treatment. Conservative surgery may well improve the life quality of younger patients. All patients should be closely followed up for at least 2 years.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Child ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Ovariectomy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Teratoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferons ; pharmacology ; Pharmacology, Clinical

Six flavonol glycosides were isolated and calibrated from Ginkgo biloba extract, and then used to calibrate the content in 2 baiches of G. biloba reference extract, so was rutin. RSD values of rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glu- coside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnop-yranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coum-aroyl) - glucoside were around 1.1%-4.6%, nevertheless, RSD values of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were more than 5%. According to the results, the reference extract of G. biloba can be used as the substitute to determine rutin, kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside and kaempferol-3-0-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside instead of corresponding reference substances. So reference extract in place of single component reference in assay is feasible.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chylous Ascites ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the stage of hepatic fibrosis and ultrasonographic findings of the liver, spleen and gallbladder and establish a sensitive ultrasonographic semi-quantitative scoring system for screening compensated liver cirrhosis.

METHODSTotalling 248 patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection underwent liver biopsy and ultrasonic examination. The images of the liver surface, parenchymal echo, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder, spleen and diameter of portal vein were analyzed.

RESULTSThe stages of hepatic fibrosis were not correlated to ultrasonographic findings of the liver surface or diameter of portal vein, but hepatic fibrosis of different stages showed significant differences in parenchymal echo, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and splenomegaly. In cases with normal liver parenchymal, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and spleen, the negative predictive value of the ultrasonographic semi-quantitative scoring system for diagnosing compensated liver cirrhosis amounted to 96.3%. The sensitivity of a score not lower than 5 was 90% for detecting compensated cirrhosis. With a score not lower than 7, the diagnostic accuracy and specificity was 85.9% and 95.2%, respectively, but the sensitivity was lowered to 37.5%.

CONCLUSIONThe ultrasonic images of the liver parenchyma, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and spleen in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis vary significantly in patients with hepatic fibrosis of different stages, and this ultrasonographic scoring system allows for a sensitive diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis.

Female ; Fibrosis ; Gallbladder ; diagnostic imaging ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; virology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Splenomegaly ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether photochemical smog emitted during the process of electric arc welding might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the bodies of welding operators.

METHODSSeventy electric arc welding operators (WOs) and 70 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled in a randomized controlled study design, in which the levels of vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and the level of lipoperoxide (LPO) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry.

RESULTSCompared with the average values of the above experimental parameters in the HVs group, the average values of VC and VE in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the WOs group were significantly decreased (P < 0.005-0.0001), while the average value of LPO in erythrocytes in the WOs group was significantly increased (P < 0.0001). The findings from the partial correlation analysis on the controlling of age suggested that with a prolonged duration of exposure to photochemical smog the values of VC, VE, SOD, and GPX, except for CAT, in the WOs were decreased gradually (P < 0.05-0.005), the value of LPO in the WOs was increased gradually (P < 0.001), and that with the ozone dose increased in the air in each worksite VC, VE, SOD, CAT and GPX decreased (P < 0.005-0.001), but LPO increased (P < 0.001). The findings from the reliability analysis for the VC, VE, SOD, CAT, GPX, and LPO values which were used to reflect oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the WOs showed that the reliability coefficients' alpha (6 items) was 0.8021, P < 0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha was 0.9577, P < 0.0001.

CONCLUSIONFindings in the present study suggest that there exists an oxidative stress induced by long-term exposure to photochemical smog in the bodies of WOs, thereby causing potential oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in their bodies.

Adult ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Ascorbic Acid ; blood ; Catalase ; blood ; Erythrocytes ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxides ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Oxidants, Photochemical ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Oxidative Stress ; Ozone ; analysis ; toxicity ; Risk Assessment ; Smog ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Vitamin E ; blood ; Welding

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relations between child anxiety disorder with different family characte ristics. METHODS Family characteristics were measured by family environment scale. 144 mothers of child with anxiety disorder and 100 mothers of health children were invited to fill out questionnaires. RESULTS There were obviously different family characteristics between health children and those with anxiety disorder except phobic anxiety disorder. The scores of cohesion, independence, achievement orientation and active recreational orientation in children with anxiety disorder were significantly lower than those in health children P<0.01). In 4 groups of children with anxiety disorder cohesion showed correlation with intellectual- cultural orientation r=0.9219, 0.8348, 0.8935, 0.9550 respectively, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The importance of family characteristics must be emphasized for children with anxiety disorder.