OBJECTIVE: To establish 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of Helicobac-ter pylori in human gastritis, and gastric cancer, to identify the differentially expressed proteins,and to discuss the role of bacterial factor in pathogenesis. METHODS: The total proteins of Helicobacter pylori in human gastritis and gastric cancer were separated by immobilized pH gradient-based 2-DE. The differentially expressed proteins were screened by PDQuest analysis software and identified by peptide mass fingerprint based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, and searched on database. RESULTS: A well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE pattern of Helicobacter pylori was obtained from patients with human gastritis and gastric cancer. Fourteen differentially expressed proteins were identified, including proteins related to anti-oxidation,molecular chape-rones and detoxification, enzymes related to metabolism,proteins related to cytoarchitecture,and proteins related to signal conduction. CONCLUSION A well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE pattern of Helicobacter pylori in human gastritis and gastric cancer is established and differentially expressed proteins from these 2 diseases are identified. The differentiation of protein expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
Bacterial Proteins ; analysis ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Female ; Gastritis ; microbiology ; Helicobacter Infections ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Proteome ; analysis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; microbiology

Objective To investigate the infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin(PVL)genes.Methods 26 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton- Valentine leukocidin(PVL)genes were determined by multiplex PCR.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST) was used to determine the STs of the isolates.The genotypes of SCCmec were also determined by another multiplex PCR in the isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Results Among 26 isolates,there were 6 isolates of ST88 MRSA,7 isolates of ST88 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA),5 isolates of ST239 MRSA,5 isolates of ST398 MRSA,1 isolate of ST25 MRSA,1 isolate of ST30 MRSA and 1 isolate of ST59 MRSA.20 isolates were hospital-acquired(HA)which mainly caused pulmonary infection and post-operative pyogenic infection.6 isolates were community-acquired(CA)which mainly caused soft tissue necrosis.Among 19 isolates of MRSA,ST88-SCCmec Ⅲ A,ST239-SCCmec Ⅲ,ST398- SCCmec Ⅳ and ST398-SCCmec Ⅲ were main types.26 isolates were isolated from 14 wards.ST88-SCCmec Ⅲ A-MRSA caused clone spread in maternity department in our hospital.Conclusion ST88,ST239 and ST 398 are main STs in Staphylococcus aureus carrying PVL in our hospital.The isolates not only cause nosocomial infections but also cause community infection.

Objective To investigate the genetic polymorphism of mec Ⅰ in the clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus anreus(MRSA).Methods 40 isolates(MRSA)carrying mecA gene were selected randomly from the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus anreus from Jan,2005 to Aug,2006 in our hospital.The mec Ⅰ gene was detected by PCR followed with sequencing.Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec)in MRSA were detected by multiplex-PCR.Agar dilution method was used for determining the MICs of oxacillin against MRSA.Results 35 of 40(87.5%)MRSA carried mec Ⅰ gene.All isolates carrying mec Ⅰ gene have mecI 202C→T substitution,which resulted in Gln at 68 aminophenol position replaced by stop condon.32 isolates carried single point mutation.3 isolates carried double-point mutation,including additonal A at 3 positon,A→C at 41 position and C→T at 142 position beside C→T at 202 position,respectively.Among 35 isolates carrying mec Ⅰ gene,there were 27 isolates of SCCmec Ⅲ, 7 isolates of SCCmec Ⅲ A and 1 isolate of SCCmec Ⅱ.Among 5 isolates with deletion of mec Ⅰ gene,there were 3 isolates of SCCmecⅣ,1 isolate of SCCmec Ⅰ and 1 isolate of non-known SCCmec tpye.The MICs of oxacillin were 256-512 ?g/ml,≥512 ?g/ml and 8-256 ?g/ml in 31 isolates with single point mutation at 202 position in mec Ⅰ gene,3 isolates with double-point mutation in mecI gene and 5 isolates with deletion of mec Ⅰ gene,respectively.1 isolate with single point mutation in mec Ⅰ gene had contrary result(MIC

OBJECTIVEEpidemiologic study on the perinatal interaction of antioxidant vitamins and heavy metals on offspring's intellectual development is extremely limited. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the status of maternal and cord blood antioxidant vitamins (Vitamin A, E and C) and heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) at delivery and correlations between these antioxidant vitamins or metals and neurodevelopment of early childhood, and to explore the protective effect of antioxidant vitamins against the injure of heavy metals to intellectual development in children in Tongliang, Chongqing, China.

METHODA total of 150 pairs of mothers-neonates were recruited. Serum concentrations of vitamin(V) A, vitamin E, vitamin C, lead, cadmium and mercury in maternal and cord blood after delivery were determined and intellectual development was evaluated by Gesell Development Schedule (GDS) at two years of age.

RESULTA total of 111 pairs of maternal-neonatal subjects with completed data were included into statistical analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders, cord blood mercury level was found negatively associated with all the development quotients (DQs) (β = -0.486, β = -0.716, β = -0.846, β = -0.935, β = -0.702, P < 0.05). Cord VE level was positively correlated with motor, adaptation, language and average DQ (β = 0.475, β = 0.458, β = 0.403, β = 0.395, P < 0.05). When antioxidant vitamins and heavy metals levels were all included into the multiple regression model, cord vitamin E level was statistically positively related with motor, adaptation and average DQs (β = 0.449, β = 0.412, β = 0.349, P < 0.05). While cord blood mercury level was negatively correlated with adaptation, language, social and average DQ (β = -0.397, β = -0.727, β = -0.935, β = -0.628, P < 0.05), the relationship between cord mercury level and motor DQ was not statistically significant (P = 0.0890). The motor, adaptation, language and average DQs in high cord VE group were higher than those in low VE group (t = 2.93, t = 2.06, t = 2.13, t = 2.27, P < 0.05). Social DQ in high cord lead group was significantly lower than that in low lead group (χ(2) = 5.56, P = 0.015). Cord VC level in high cadmium group was significantly lower than that in low cadmium group (χ(2) = 7.62, P = 0.006). VA placental transport ratio in high mercury group was significantly lower than those in low mercury group (χ(2) = 8.02, P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONOur data suggested that there may be certain interaction between antioxidant vitamin A, E, C and heavy metals lead, cadmium, mercury. Antioxidant vitamins at delivery may have protective effect on the early neurodevelopment via interaction with the heavy metals.

Adult ; Antioxidants ; analysis ; Child Development ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intelligence Tests ; Metals, Heavy ; blood ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vitamins ; blood

A new method for establishing ES cell lines from 129/ter. C57BL/6J mice was set up which was characterized by the murine embryonic fibroblast cell(MEF) feeder, the medium of rat heart cell-conditioned medium(RH-CM) for ES cells, and the consecutive digestion by the digestion liquid containing 1% serum. Every group of improved experiments was done with a control of routine method. The results showed that, compared with routine method, the improved way increased the ratio of ES cell lines of 129/ter mice from 11.8% to 33.3%, and of C57BL/6J from 3.7% to 13.3%. The difference is distinct. The passage culture of ES cells showed that, compared with medium added LIF, RH-CM not only inhibited the differentiation of murine ES cells, maintained its dipoild karyotype, but also promote its adherence growth. This kind of culture condition not only maintained the ES cells in an undifferentiated state and their normal dipoild karyotype, but also a series of other characteristics of totipotent embryonic stem cells during extended culture period.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Embryo, Mammalian ; cytology ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rats ; Stem Cells ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features of Crohn disease according to the Montreal classification.

METHODSClinical data of 43 surgical patients with Crohn disease (surgical group) and 125 non-surgical patients with Crohn disease (non-surgical group) were retrospectively analyzed and compared between two groups. The Montreal classification was used.

RESULTSIn the surgical group, 28 patients (65.1%) were A2, 14 (32.6%) were A3 and only one was A1, which was not significantly different as compared to the non-surgery group. The proportions of L1, L2, L3, and L4 subtype in the surgical group were 41.9%, 25.6%, 30.2%, and 2.3%, respectively, which was not significantly different as compared to that in the non-surgery group. In the surgical group,B1 disease was found in 1 case (2.3%), B2 in 26 cases (60.5%), and B3 in 16 cases (37.2%), while in the non-surgical group, B1 was found in 79 cases (63.2%), B2 in 44 cases (35.2%) and B3 in 2 cases (1.6%). Differences were significant between two groups in disease behavior (P=0.001, P=0.004, P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONSMost surgical patients of Crohn disease are A2. L1 and L3 are the main lesion location. As disease behavior, B2 and B3 are the main reasons for operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Crohn Disease ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Standards ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of combined common femoral artery (CFA) endarterectomy with superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenting plus Shuxuening Injection infusion in patients with complex multifocal arterial steno-obstructive lesions of the lower extremities.

METHODSFrom March 2006 to March 2011, 104 lower limbs in 96 patients with multilevel peripheral arterial steno-occlusive disease, involving SFA as well as CFA and deep femoral artery (DFA) orifice, were treated by combined surgical with endovascular therapy, such as SFA stenting as an adjunct to CFA endarterectomy and patch angioplasty with the great saphenous vein. Before the end of the operation, 20 mL of Shuxuening Injection was infused through the catheter located in the treated artery. Technical and hemodynamic success, as well as primary and primary-assisted patency, was determined according to the Society for Vascular Surgery Guidelines. During follow-up, clinical status assessment, ankle-brachial index (ABI) test, and duplex Doppler ultrasound were administered every 6 months, and computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography was performed at 12, 24, and 36 months after discharge.

RESULTSAll patients underwent successful combined CFA endarterectomy with SFA stenting treatment. The average ABI after the combination treatment increased from pretreatment of 0.32±0.21 to 0.82±0.24 (P<0.01). No perioperative death and major limb amputations occurred. The mean duration of follow-up for 104 limbs from 96 patients was 1,180 days (range, 196-2,064 days). During follow-up, 5 patients died due to myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, or pneumonia, and 5 patients were lost to follow-up. There were 21 cases (21.4%) of restenosis, with 15 that occurred in-stent and 6 near the distal end of the stent. A total of 18 (18.3%) reinterventions were performed, including 6 balloon angioplasty, 8 restenting procedures, 2 bypass surgeries, and 2 major limb amputations. The primary patency rates were 92.2%, 76.8%, and 61.3% at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, while the primary-assisted patency rates were 94.4%, 83.2%, and 75.6% at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe combined CFA endarterectomy with SFA stenting plus Shuxuening Injection infusion appears to offer a safe, less invasive, and effective treatment option to patients with chronic lower extremity ischemia due to complex multifocal peripheral artery disease.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endarterectomy ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Ischemia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Leg ; blood supply ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents

OBJECTIVETo detect the influencing factors for posttraumatic hydrocephalus in patients with severe traumatic brain injuries and provide theoretical reference for clinical treatment.

METHODSRetrospective study was made on 139 patients with severe traumatic brain injuries in our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: hydrocephalus group and non-hydrocephalus group. Single factor analysis and multiple factor analysis were used to determine the related factors and hydrocephalus. Multiple factor analysis was conducted with logistic regression.

RESULTSPosttraumatic hydrocephalus was found in 19.42% of patients. Age(OR equal to 1.050, 95%CI: 1.012-1.090), decompressive craniectomy (OR equal to 4.312, 95%CI: 1.127-16.503), subarachnoid hemorrhage(OR equal to 43.421, 95%CI: 7.835-240.652) and continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (OR equal to 0.045, 95%CI: 0.011-0.175) were screened out from nine factors as the influencing factors for posttraumatic hydrocephalus.

CONCLUSIONSRisk factors for PTH are as follows: age, decompressive craniectomy and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid can greatly reduce posttraumatic hydrocephalus.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Brain Injuries ; complications ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Craniotomy ; Drainage ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; etiology ; Male ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; complications

AIM:To investigate the regulatory effect of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor, pyrrolidine di-thiocarbamate (PDTC), on nerve function and neural cell apoptosis in rats after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).METH-ODS:SPF Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 rats in each group: sham group, ICH group, PDTC at low concentration (Plow) group and PDTC at high concentration (Phigh) group.Autologous blood injection was used to establish ICH model.After 2 h of surgery, the rats in Plow group and Phigh group were intraperitoneal injected with PDTC at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively , while rats in sham group and ICH group were injected with the same volume of saline .The neurological function score was classified with modified Longa grading method .TUNEL assay was used to detected the neural cell apoptosis , and the content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) and the activity of superoxide dis-mutase (SOD) were measured.Furthermore, the protein levels of p-P65 and cleaved caspase-3 in brain tissues were deter-mined by Western blot .RESULTS: Compared with sham group , the rats in ICH group had higher neurological function score (P<0.05).After treatment with PDTC, the neurological function score was decreased (P<0.05), but no signifi-cant difference between P low group and P high group was observed .Compared with sham group , the number of apoptotic cells in ICH group was increased ( P<0.05 ) .After treatment with PDTC , the neural cell apoptosis was restrained , and the number of apoptotic cells in Phigh group was lower than that in Plow group (P<0.05).Compared with sham group, the con-tent of MDA was increased and the activity of SOD was decreased in ICH group (P<0.05).After treatment with PDTC, the content of MDA was decreased while the activity of SOD was increased , and the variation trend was more obvious in Phigh group (P<0.05).Compared with sham group, the protein levels of p-P65 and cleaved caspase-3 in ICH group were increased (P<0.05).After treatment with PDTC, the protein levels of p-P65 and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased, and those in Phigh group were lower than those in P low group.CONCLUSION: NF-κB inhibitor PDTC plays a role in the se-condary brain injury after ICH , and the protective effect increases at the higher dose .The mechanism may be related to re-ducing MDA content and increasing SOD activity , and further inhibiting neural cell apoptosis .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma and to analyze its relationship with Epstein-barr virus(EBV). MethodsTotally, 36 cases of cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma were collected from 2000 to 2010 at the Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, and classified into primary and secondary groups according to whether there is evidence of extracutaneous involvement within 6 months after diagnosis. Clinicopathological features were analyzed and Epstein-barr virus (EBV) was detected. ResultsOf these 36 cases, 13 (36.1％) were classified as primary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma, 20 (55.6％) as secondary, and 3 (8.3％) remained unclassified because of the lack of clinical data. Males were more likely to develop both primary and secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma than females, but there was no striking difference in sex ratio between the patients with primary and secondary lymphoma (P ＞ 0.05 ). Compared with the patients with primary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma, those with secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma showed a younger median age at onset(43.5 vs. 54 years, P ＜ 0.05), higher prevalence of B symptoms(including fever, night sweat, body weight loss) and multiple skin lesions (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). EBV was positive in 92.3％ (12/13) of the primary lymphoma cases and 85％(17/20) of the secondary lymphoma cases. Moreover, the median survival was 8 months in all the cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma cases, and was significantly shorter in secondary cases than in the primary cases(6 vs. 18 months, x2 = 6.074, P ＜ 0.05). ConclusionsCutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma is an EBV-associated, clinica]ly aggressive disease entity. Patients with primary cutaneous NI/T cell lymphoma seem to have an older age at onset and a better prognosis as compared with those with secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma.