60 Candida strains were analyzed with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) from HIV-infected patients' oral cavity.The results showed that RAPD-PCR fingerprinting appeared from zero to five bands whose size rang from 300 bp to 2 kb with P2 primer,Candida albicans have three characteristic bands of 300 bp,400 bp and 600 bp in size,non-Candida albicans have the similar bands.They can be clas-sified five genetic clusters and 14 genotypes by Cluster Analysis,two Candida albicans(P385&P403) with fluorocytosine-resistance were classified into C1 genotype for "Squared Euclidean Distance" being 0.115,one Candida albicans(P321) and one Candida glabrata(P522) who were resistant against Amphotericin B were classified into D1 genotype for "Squared Euclidean Distance" being 0.221.So,an abundant genetic polymorphism appeared in Candida species related HIV,RAPD could be as a reference for genotype of Candida albicans;different Candida speices had some special bands,different Candida strains had similar bands in the same species;it is perhaps that some genotypes were relevant to drug resistance.

AIM: To discuss the tongxinluo supermicropowder's interventional effect on aorta endodermis of rabbits which are fed with fatty forage plants.METHODS: Thirty-two healthy male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly: control group,model group,atorvastatin treatment group,and tongxinluo treatment group.The control group was fed with common feedstuff,and all the other groups were fed with fatty feedstuff.The atorvastatin treatment group and the tongxinluo treatment group were given suspension of atorvastatin(3 g?kg-1?d-1) and tongxinluo supermicropowder(0.31 g?kg-1?d-1) by intragastric administration on the basis of fatty feedstuff.All the groups were fed with medicine for 6 weeks.At the end of 6 weeks,blood lipid levels were observed by enzymic method,the levels of blood serum NO and MDA and the activity of SOD were observed by chromatometry,the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-?B),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) was detected,and VCAM-1mRNA expression in the aortic tissue was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS: The levels of blood serum TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,and MDA were increased significantly compared with the control group(P

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics of early gastric cancer (EGC),surgical treatment, and prognosis in elderly patients. Methods The clinicopathological and follow-up data in 83 elderly patients with EGC treated by gastrectomy from 1989. 8-2004. 8 were studied retrospectively. Results All of 83 patients were resectable, and there was no operative death nor surgical complications. The 5-, 10-, and 15- year survival rate was 98%,95%,and 92%, respectively. Sixty-one cases (74%) were mucosal cancer without lymph node metastasis, 22 cases were submucosal cancer with node metastasis in 4 cases. 7 cases were multiple primary carcinoma. Conclusions Local resection and partial gastrectomy are not suitable for multiple primary carcionoma in elderly patieats with EGC. Subtotal gastrectomy, and total gastrectomy should be the procedure of choice when foci were scattered about. Lymph node metastasis,multiple primary cancer foci and invasion of submucosal layer are all among factors impacting postoperative prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo transfect a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against survivin gene into human T lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Jurkat, and to explore the effects on apoptosis and proliferation of transfected cells.

METHODSThe survivin-shRNA expression vector were constructed and transfected into Jurkat cells. Expression of survivin mRNA and protein were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively. Apoptosis index of transfected Jurkat cells was quantified by flow cytometry. The potential of cell proliferation was described by cell growth curves.

RESULTSIn survivin-shRNA transfected Jurkat cells, survivin mRNA levels were significantly reduced by 66.67% ( transient transfection) and 60.69% ( stable transfection) respectively, compared with that in control-shRNA treated group and PBS treated group (P < 0.05); and the levels of survivin protein were significantly reduced by 63.41% (transient transfection) and 60.18% (stable transfection), compared with that in the two control groups (P < 0.05). Apoptosis index was significantly increased during both transient and stable transfection, respectively [(22. 41 +/- 2.83)% and (20.73 +/- 2.56)% (P < 0.05)]. Survivin-shRNA also inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells.

CONCLUSIONSVector-based survivin-shRNA can effectively reduce the expression of survivin gene, induce apoptosis

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Jurkat Cells ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo present our experience in using decompressive craniectomy (DC) among severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients during operation and to discuss its indication.

METHODSFrom October 2008 to May 2009, 41 patients aged between 18 and 75 years with severe TBI were included in this study. They underwent DC or non-DC (NDC) according to their intraoperative findings. Postoperative intracranial pressure (ICP), complications, requiring second operation or not and outcomes were observed.

RESULTSFifteen patients underwent DC and 26 patients did not. The average postoperative ICP of each patient was lower than 20 mm Hg. For patients received DC, 2 had seizures after operation and 1 developed cerebrocele in the follow-up period; only 1 NDC patient had post-traumatic seizures, but none of them had delayed haematoma, cerebrospinal fluid fistula, cerebrocele or infections. At the end of follow-up, 10 patients died, 6 had the GOS of 2, 2 of 3, 9 of 4 and 14 of 5.

CONCLUSIONSDC is necessary to manage fulminant intracranial hypertension or intraoperative brain swelling. If there was not brain swelling after removal of the haematoma and necrotized neural tissues, it is safe to replace skull flap. The intraoperative finding is an important factor to decide whether to perform DC or not.

Brain Injuries ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Intracranial Pressure ; Skull ; surgery

To observe the gene polymorphism of Rh blood group in unrelated random individuals and families for Chinese Han nationality, polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) was used to amplify the Rh C/E gene, RhD gene, exons, intron 2 and 10, insert and Rh Box in 160 blood samples of RhD positive unrelated individuals and 71 samples of RhD negative unrelated individuals and 7 samples of families whose probands were RhD-negative. The results showed that RhD genes of RhD-negative individuals with C antigens were polymorphism, three forms were found for D exon including intact, partial deletion and complete deletion exons. Insert fragments and Rh Box were found in most cases of families whose probands were RhD-negative and its inheritance accorded with the Mendel's Law, and it did not affect the expression of RhD gene. "Normal" RhD exon 4 amplifying product was not found in all of the samples. It was concluded that gene structure of the RhD-negative in Chinese was polymorphism, intact, partial deletion and complete deletion exons were found in the individuals with C antigen and probably existed specific D (nf) Ce haplotype. The function of insert was uncertain. The Rh gene sequences of Chinese Han nationality are different from those of Caucasian and the Rh gene library based on Han nationality should be established.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Humans ; Introns ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect on intervention of sub-health with pestle needle (Chuzhen).

METHODRandomized controlled trail was adopted for this research. One hundred and fifty-three cases were randomly divided into two groups of a Chuzhen group (79 cases) and a massage group (74 cases). Acupoint of Bazhen (Baihui Bazhen, Shendao Bazhen, Zhiyang Bazhen, Mingmen Bazhen, Yaoyangguan Bazhen), Hechelu on the head, the neck and the lumbar area were adopted in Chuzhen group. While regular whole-body massage was applied in the massage group. The human sub-health score, the cornell medical index (CMI) and thermal texture maps system (TTM) technology of the two groups before and after the intervention were observed.

RESULTS1) After treatment, sub-health condition score, the CMI score, the M-R score and the TTM index were all increased in both groups (all P<0.01) 2) Comparison of D-value of the two groups before and after the intervention: the level of the sub-health score, the total score of CMI, and the index of sleep, pressure, Governor Vessel, Hukou (first web), blood lipid, viscosity of blood, microcirculation of TTM index of the Chuzhen group changed more obvious (all P<0.01), but there was no statistic significances in the M-R score and blood sugar of the TTM (both P>0.05). 3) The sub-health condition score in Chuzhen group was higher than that in the massage group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONChuzhen therapy has definite effect on intervention of sub-health, which is better than regular general massage.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cornell Medical Index ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo cultivate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the serum of overfatigue rats with the intervention of Tongxinluo superfine powder (TXLSP). By examining the variation of the activity of JNK/c-Jun/HO-1 pathway, the possible mechanisms of vascular endothelial dysfunction under overfatigue conditions and the intervening effect of TXLSP were explored.

METHODSThe HUVECs were randomly divided into the normal control group, the model group, the SP600125 (a specific antagonist of JNK) group, the TXLSP group and the TXLSP + SP600125 group. The content of carboyhemoglobin (COHb) and the leak rate of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in different groups were measured. The mRNA and protein expression of JNK, c-Jun, HO-1 and the phosphorylation level of c-Jun (P-c-Jun) were detected using Western blot and PCR methods.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the COHb level in supernatant was increased significantly in the model group, and the expression of HO-1, JNK, c-Jun mRNA and corresponding proteins and P-c-Jun were also increased remarkably. The increases in these parameters were significantly decreased by SP600125. TXLSP showed remarkable up-regulation on the expression of JNK, c-Jun, P-c-Jun and HO-1 mRNA and their protein expression. Compared with the SP600125 group, the expressions of JNK, c-Jun, P-c-Jun and HO-1 mRNA and its protein in the TXLSP+SP600125 group were significantly increased at different time points (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe vascular endothelial dysfunction under overfatigue conditions is related to the activity of the JNK/c-Jun/HO-1 pathway. One of the mechanisms of TXLSP in improving the vascular endothelial function is to adjust the activity of the JNK/c-Jun/HO-1 pathway at gene and protein levels.

Animals ; Blood Proteins ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoprotection ; drug effects ; genetics ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Fatigue ; blood ; metabolism ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Male ; Particle Size ; Powders ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Serum ; metabolism ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Tongxinluo Supermicro Powder on the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), inter-cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in aorta of rabbits fed with high-lipid diet.

METHODSHealthy male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8 each): control group, model group, atorvastatin group (3 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) per gavage), and Tongxinluo group (0.31 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) per gavage). At the end of 6 weeks, the expression of NF-kappaB, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were observed by immunochemistry methods, Western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTThe nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB in aortic endothelial cells and the gene expressions of NF-kappaB, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at protein and mRNA levels of the model group was significantly increased compared that in the control group (all P < 0.05), these effects could be significantly attenuated by atorvastatin and Tongxinluo Supermicro Powder (P < 0.01 vs. model group).

CONCLUSIONSSimilar as atorvastatin, Tongxinluo Supermicro Powder could relieve the process of atherosclerosis by decreasing the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and reducing the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in this model.

Animal Feed ; Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dietary Fats ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the anti-virus effects of andrographolide (AD) on the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway when immunological cells were infected with H1N1.

METHODSLeukomonocyte was obtained from umbilical cord blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and immunological cells were harvested after cytokines stimulation. Virus infected cell model was established by H1N1 co-cultured with normal human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE). The optimal concentration of AD was defined by methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. After the virus infected cell model was established, AD was added into the medium as a treatment intervention. After 24-h co-culture, cell supernatant was collected for interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection while immunological cells for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe optimal concentration of AD for anti-virus effect was 250 μg/mL. IL-4 and IFN-γ in the supernatant and mRNA levels in RLRs pathway increased when cells was infected by virus, RIG-I, IFN-β promoter stimulator-1 (IPS-1), interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-7, IRF-3 and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) mRNA levels increased significantly (P<0.05). When AD was added into co-culture medium, the levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ were lower than those in the non-interference groups and the mRNA expression levels decreased, RIG-I, IPS-1, IRF-7, IRF-3 and NF-κB decreased significantly in each group with significant statistic differences (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe RLRs mediated viral recognition provided a potential molecular target for acute viral infections and andrographolide could ameliorate H1N1 virus-induced cell mortality. And the antiviral effects might be related to its inhibition of viral-induced activation of the RLRs signaling pathway.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; DEAD Box Protein 58 ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; virology ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; drug effects ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Interferon-beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; immunology ; virology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; virology ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; drug effects ; immunology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; genetics ; immunology