Purpose:To study the distribution of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system of rat. Method:The experimental animal is Wistar rat (n=lS). The blood pressure in different parts of the cardiovascular system were recorded with a 4-channel polygraph system under closing condition. This method is more exact than that of manometer. Results:Our experiments demonstrated the following distribution of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system of rat. (1) The left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP ) was 145.00+15.16 mmHg and the aortal systolic pressure(ASP ) was 126.87+11.16 mmHg. The LVSP was higher than ASP. The right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP ) was 35.04+3.95 mrnHg and the pulmonary arterial systolic pressure(PASP) was 27.0313.46 mmHg. The RVSP was higher than PASP. This distribution of blood pressure was different with human. (2) On Value and range, the blood pressure in vascular system of rat (including A SP、A DP、MA P、PA SP、PA DP、MPA P、CVP、 WP)were clese to human. Conclusion: (1) The LVSPwas higher than ASP and the RVSP was higher than PASP. This distribution of blood pressure of rat was different with human. (2) The LVSP and RVSP of rat were higher when compared with human and the blood pressure distribution of other parts in the vascular system of rat was close to human

The function of salivary glands in patients with subacute thyroiditis was evaluated.The data of patients with subacute thyroiditis,primary hypothyroidism,and normal controls undergoing radionuclide scanning were reviewed and compared retrospectively.The ratio of target to non-target values in the salivary glands were decreased in patients with subacute thyroiditis.Thyroid and salivary glands in patients with subacute thyroiditis might be damaged simultaneously and both developed pharyngeal symptoms partly due to the damaged salivary glands.

Objective To investigate the cardiac protection of Hsp27 against endotoxic cardiac depression mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and the suppression of NFκB-mediated inflammatory response in mice. Method (1) Transgenic mice with cardiac specific overexpression of Hsp27 (Hsp27 Tg) and wild littermate controls (WT) were given 10 mg/kg LPS injected intraperitoneally to induce endotoxemia, (2) The cardiac function measurement in mice was performed by using echocardiography 6 hours after LPS treatment (n = 6), (3) The activity of PBK/Akt pathway was evaluated by Western blot for [hosphor-Akt (p-Akt) and phosphor-Gsk-3β (p-Gsk-3β) one hour after LPS administration ( n = 4)], (4) Activity of inflammatory response was evaluated by protein degradation of IκBα (n = 4), (5) The apoptosis of myocardial cells was determined by TUNEL assay on the paraffin section of cardiac tissue 24 hours after LPS exposure (n = 4). Results (1) Hsp27 attenuated cardiac dysfunction significantly following LPS treatment. Compared with the primary value, LPS induced the depression of cardiac function both in WT rats and Hsp27Tg rats. However, the cardiac dysfunction was attenuated significantly in Hsp27Tg rats compared with that in WT rats ( P < 0.01 or 0.05) . (2) Hsp27 attenuated IκBα degradation after LPS administration. Compared with the primary value, LPS led to LκBα degradation by (72.92 + 9.20) % in WT rats and by (41.43 + 24.10) % in Hsp27Tg rats. The overexpression of Hsp27 lessened the IκBα degradation significantly (P < 0.05). The similar results were obtained in rat myocardial cell culture of experiments. (3) Hsp27 enhanced the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling following LPS exposure. One hour after LPS administration, the relative levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-30 were (3.11 + 0.83) and (3.19 + 1.04), respectively in WT rats, and (5.13 + 0.73) and (5.71 + 1.20) in Hsp27Tg rats, respectively. Compared with WT rats, the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β were significantly higher in Hsp27Tg rats (P < 0.05). (4) The Hsp27 lessened LPS-induced the apopto-sis of myocardial cells. Twenty-four hours after LPS treatment, the percentages of myocardial cell apoptosis were (6.46+ 1.74)% in WT rats and (2.88 + 0.91)% in Hsp27Tg rats. Compared with WT rats, LPS-induced apoptosis in myocardial cells was significantly decreased in Hsp27Tg rats (P < 0.01). Conclusions The overexpression ofHsp27 attenuates cardiac dysfunction significantly during endotoxemia, and the mechanisms may be attributed to the activation of PDK/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To understand the basic situation and the current work status of health education staff in Beibei district of Chongqing city and to explore the community health education pattern in Beibei district to provide reference for rational talent strat -egy and personnel policy adjustment .Methods By using the Investigation Questionnaires of Health Education Personal in Beibei District ,35 health education staffs in Beibei district were performed the investigation .Results Most health education staffs in Bei-bei district are young and middle-aged .The average age was 36 .7 years ;71 .4% of them had undergraduate or college degree .Only 3 individuals were full-time staff and the others were part-time;the health education forms were plentiful with various contents . The health education staffs were insufficient in the professional knowledge and the health education skill .The external factors had influence on the health education work .Conclusion The health education staffs rejuvenation ,lack of the professional staffs and in-adequate depth of the theory and practice of the health education work restrict the deep development of the health education work to some extent .It is suggested that the relevant departments introduce the professional health education talents ,conduct the systematic training for enhancing the professional knowledge and working skills ,and give support in terms of policy and funding .

Heterokaryon incompatibility is a widespread phenomenon among fungi,controlled by specific loci termed het (for heterokaryon incompatibility).This review focuses on recent developments in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of nonself recognition and the relationship between the death progresses of heterokaryon incompatibility and associated proteins in fungi.The deep research of heterokaryon incompatibility mechanism will hopefully reveal underlying principles of the evolution of nonself recognition systems and will find some effective method for settling the instability of protoplast fusant of fungi.

A batch laboratory test was conducted to examine the effect of biological reductive dechlorination of 2,4-Dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) by the addition of zero-valent iron(Fe0) in the anaerobic system, through inoculating the anaerobic mixed microorganism acclimated for two months. Meanwhile, several factors that affected "Fe0+ microbe" system were also being discussed. The results showed that, "Fe0+ microbe" system accelerated the biological dechlorination of 2,4-DCP effectively compared to the individual use. The opti-mum quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation was 0.5 g/L and 376.2 mgVSS/L in the combined system respec-tively. It showed the most effective transformation efficiency for 2,4-DCP when initial pH=8.0, whereas it become weaker when initial pH are keeping in acid condition. There existed a proportion between quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation. It enhanced degradable effect of 2,4-dichlorophenol when increased the quan-tity of inoculation at suitable ranges, which generated more enzyme or enzymatic series degraded pollutant.

Objective To describe the effects of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis on patients with bronchial inflammation by comparing the bronchial inflammation characteristics . Methods All patients enrolled in the study were categorized into two groups according to rhinitis diagnostic criteria , 377 cases in the allergic rhinitis ( AR) group, 262 cases in non-allergic rhinitis ( NAR) group and another 264 patients without rhinitis as control group .Induced sputum differential cytology tests , exhaled nitric oxide concentration measurements and methacholine bronchial provocation tests were performed .The characteristics and differences in lower airway inflam-mation among the three groups were compared . Results The exhaled nitric oxide level and the positive rate of the exhaled nitric ox-ide were different significantly in AR group and NAR group than the control group (P<0.05);Bronchial provocation positive rate was 12.20%in AR group, and 6.10%in the NAR group, the difference was significant (P<0.05), and the levels in the two groups were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).AR group and NAR group has a significant different (P<0.05) propor-tions of eosinophil in induced sputum , while the positive rate of eosinophil in induced sputum was not different significantly ( P >0.05). Conclusion Bronchial inflammation may be aggravated by AR and NAR , so all patients with AR and NAR need treatment , and the degree of inflammation was higher in AR patients than the NAR patients .

Objective To synthesize 18F-FMISO and analyze the quality of the product.Methods 1-(2'-nitro-l'-imidazolyl)-2-O-tetrahydropyranyl-O-trluendulfonylpropanediol (NITIT) was taken as the precursor and simple one pot method was used.CFN-MPS-100 fluorine multifunction radiopharmaceutical chemical synthesis module was adopted to complete the radioactive fluorination reaction in a closed flat flask,and the crude product was purified by semi-preparative HPLC,the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation.Then 15 ml saline was added into the product to get 18F-FMISO injection.Radio-HPLC and radio-TLC were applied for quality control.Results 18F-FMISO was obtained in 60 min with the radiochemical yield of (32±5.0)％ (no decay corrected,n=25).The radiochemical purity was above 99.0％ and still above 98.5％ after 6 h.The radioactive concentration was above 1.11 × 1012 Bq/L.The product was colorless solution,with pH value of 7.0.The radioactive nuclear purity was more than 99％.The K222 was less than 25 μg/ml.Conclusion 18 F-FMISO could be synthesized with automatic synthesis method based on the CFN-MPS-100 fluorine multifunction module.The labeling rate,stability and chemical purity are high.

·Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are common outer retinal degenerative problems, which are also the predominant causes of most blinding retinal diseases. Retinal prosthesis is a promising solution for such photoreceptor degeneration diseases.Most of current concepts for a retinal prosthesis are based on neuronal electrical stimulation. In the past twenty years, retinal prosthesis has been developed in two different directions: epiretinal prosthesis and subretinal prosthesis. Each prosthesis technique has its advantages and disadvantages. For epiretinal prosthesis, it is easier to be implanted and has the advantage of keeping most of the electronics in the vitreous cavity, off the retinal surface, which greatly helps in dissipating the heat generated by the implant device. In this paper, a brief overview of retinal prostheses concepts is introduced. After that, several important aspects of epiretinal electrical stimulation will be discussed. Moreover, some practical epiretinal prosthesis devices developed by researchers in United States, Germany and Japan in the past have been reviewed. We hope that the devices will be used widely in the near future.

ObjectiveTo study the relevant effect of proinflammatory cytokines interelenkin-17(IL-17), -6 and endothelin-1 (ET-1) on statins attenuating no-reflow phenomenon after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rats.MethodsEighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to body weight: sham operation, injury, preconditioning groups. The preconditioning group was given atorvastatin 2 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 and the other two groups were given the same volume of saline once. After 7 days, the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate, and then the thoracic cavity was opened. The coronary artery of injury group and preconditioning group were ligated for 60 minutes, and then opened for 15 minutes, to establish the rat acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model. The sham operation group was was treated with a seam through the coronary artery without ligation. Eleetrocardiogram was checked before ligation, and ligation was carried out for 15, 30, 45 minutes and then reperfusion for 15 minutes. After reperfusion for 15 minutes, the thioflavine S and Even's were injected from femoral venous, then the heart and blood were obtained(keeping left ventricular only). Hearts were flushed with saline and sliced transversely into five to seven sections. Finally, observed at 365 nm wave length the existence of non-fluorescent areas, which was no-reflow zone. The level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 was detected by ELISA. Results The electrocardiogram confirmed that the sham operation group had no ischemic damage and the model of myocardial ischemia- reperfusion was established in preconditioning group and injury group. The noreflow phenomenon could be observed under 365 nm wave length in preconditioning group and injury group. The ligated area[LA％, (57.34 ± 11.49)％, (53.08 ± 8.66)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05); the area of no-reflow[ANF％, (48.96 ± 6.94)％, (21.37 ±3.35)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05),and the ANF％ of preconditioning group was lower than that of injury group(P ＜ 0.05) ; the level of serum IL-17,IL-6 and ET-1[(151.67 ± 11.19) × 10-9, (167.89 ± 5.13) × 10-9, (322.37 ± 19.08) × 10-9 g/L] of injury group was higher than those of sham group and preconditioning operation group[(49.75 ± 14.06) × 10-9, (59.32 ± 5.26) ×10-9, (109.9 ± 12.12) × 10-9, (90.45 ± 11.63) × 10-9, (112.47 ± 10.40) × 10-9 and(198.91 ± 27.88) × 10-9 g/L,P ＜ 0.05], the level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 of preconditioning group was higher than those of sham operation group(P＜ 0.05). Conclusionsno-reflow phenomenon is related with IL-17 and ET-1 which can promote the expression of IL-6, statins decreases the expression of IL-17 and ET-1, and then decreases the on-reflow phenomenon.