Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on choline acetyltransferase ChAT levels in the neurons of rats with traumatic brain injury. Methods Traumatic brain injuries were modeled in rats using Feeney's method. Thirty male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: a traumatic brain injury group (group A) , a traumatic brain injury plus hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO) group ( group B) , and a sham operation group (group C). Samples of each rat's brain were tested for ChAT using immunohistochemical staining and light microscopy. Results ChAT-positive fibers in the hippocampus almost vanished after traumatic brain injury, but positive fibers were markedly increased after HBO treatment. Conclusion HBO treatment can activate neurons in the hippocampus and inhibit regression of cholinergic neurons, which may be one of the mechanisms by which HBO therapy improves learning ability in injured rats.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bloodletting ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pruritus ; therapy

Objective:To analyze the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) with the clinical and coronary angiographic features of coronary heart disease(CHD) in patients aged over 70 years old.Methods: A total of 310 elderly patients with coronary angiograph-confirmed coronary diseases,who were treated in Changhai Hospital during Apr.2006 to Jul.2008,were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were further divided into 2 subgroups according to the presence of DM: DM-CHD group(n=155) and non-DM-CHD group(n=155).The age,gender,blood pressure,blood lipid,ejection fraction(EF),the angiographic outcomes,etc.were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results: The incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in the DM-CHD group than in the non-DM-CHD group(P

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Urea ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective:To compare the clinical value of early enteral nutrition(EEN) with total parenteral nutrition(TPN) in postoperative elder patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer. Methods: 102 cases of postoperative elder patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer were randomly divided into EEN group(n=51)and TPN group(n=51).The weight loss,serum albumin, prealbumin,liver function were measured before operation and on the eighth day after operation. The anal exsufflation time, infectious complication, duration of hospital stay and treatment cost were observed. Results: The weight loss in EEN group were less than those of TPN group(P<0.05). The levels of ALT, AST, BIL and GGT in EEN group on the eighth day after operation was lower than those in TPN group(P<0.05). The anal exsufflation time and duration of hospital stay in EEN group were shorter than those of TPN group(P<0.05). The treatment cost of EEN group was significantly less than that of TPN group(P<0.05). The infectious complication rate of EEN group was lower than that of TPN group(P<0.05). Conclusion: EEN in postoperative elder patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer can decrease the postoperative infectious complication and the treatment cost, shorten the duration of hospital stay, improve nutritional status and recovery of gastrointestinal function with less side effects of liver function.

Objective To explore the more secure and available methods in replacing traeheostomy tube.Methods Sixty patients with incision of trachea were divided into group A(29 eases)and group B (31 cases)randomly.The new method was used in group A with putting a catheter into the old tracheostomy tube before taking it out,and placing the new tracheostomy tube under the guide of catheter.While the traditional method was used in group B.The heart rate,SpO2,manipulation time,perioperative haemorrhage, and the condition of entering the false passage were recorded.Results The heart rate,SpO2 were no significant difference before and after manipulation in group A,but the heart rate increased and SpO2 decreased in group B(P<0.01 or<0.05).The manipulation time was(50.5±4.2) s in group A,and (84.9±5.3) s in group B(P<0.05).The perioperative haemorrhage >3 ml and the condition of entering the false passage in group A(2 Cases,o cage)were less than those in group B(15 cases.5 cases)(P<0.01 or<0.05).Conclusion The new method in replacing tracheostomy tube which use an input catheter is more security and more availability.

Objective To establish a new effective method by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing for rapid identifying apolipoprotein E alleles.Methods To determine alleles of human apolipoprotein E genetic polymorphism at Cys112Arg locus was detected by PCR melting curve analysis with fluorophore SYBR Green I. In order to increase the speciality of SNP assays, high fidelity Taq polymerase was used. The reliability of SNP typing was validated by comparison with the results of direct DNA sequencing.Results Each sample was determined by double tubes, and two melting curves were analysis. As compared the Tm value of samples with the Tm of standard substance, the apoE genotype of samples was determined. The apoE genotype of 30 samples were E3/3 (27/30) and E3/4 (3/30) respectively, which was accordant with the results of PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing.Conclusion The presented allelic assay was specific, easy to operate and applicable for discrimination of apolipoprotein E genotyping of human blood.

·AIM: To investigate whether Erigeron Breviscapus (vant) Hand-Mazz (EBHM) EBHM has neuroprotective effect against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neuron death in retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL).· METHODS: 60 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. 6 animals were normal control group (group A). The others were divided as group B (EBHM group), group C (normal saline+NMDA group) and group D (EBHM + NMDA group). Each group had 18 rats.10nmol NMDA was intravitreally injected to induce partial damage of the neurons in RGCL in the right eyes of Groups C and D. Same volume PBS was intravitreally injected into the left eyes as self-control. Groups B and D were pre-treated intraperitoneally with 6g/L EBHM solution at a dose of 150mg/kg body weight/day seven days before and after NMDA treatment. Group C were administrated intraperitoneally with 9g/L normal saline at the same time of EBHM injection. Rats were sacrificed at 4,7,14d after NMDA treatment. Flat whole retinas were stained with 5g/L cresyl violet and neuron counting in RGCL from both eyes were observed. Each subgroup had 6 rats.· RESULTS: There was no significant difference of neuron counting in RGCL between the right eye and the left eye in group A (P=0.200). There was no significant difference between normal control group and EBHM group either in the right eyes or in the left eyes at 4, 7 and 14 d respectively after intravitreal injection of 10nmol NMDA in group C and group D. (P=0.636, P=0.193). Neuron counting of RGCL in group C and D was significantly decreased in the NMDA-treated eyes at 4, 7 and 14d after intravitreal injection (P＜0.001). There was no significant difference between self-control eyes group and normai control group(P＞0.05). However, neuron counting was significantly higher in the EBHM+NMDA group than normal saline +NMDA group at 14days after intravitreal injection (P=0.044), but was lowered than normal control group (P＜0.05).· CONCLUSION: EBHM has no effect on neuron counting of RGCL when administered alone in normal rats.The results indicates that EBHM plays a partial protective role in NMDA-induced neuron loss in RGCL in the rats.

?AIM: To evaluate the clinical effects, corneal surface shape and corneal thickness variation after treated by Danzhi Xiaoyao Capsule combined with hypromellose 2910, dextran 70 and glycerol eye drops for dry eye in menopausal patients.?METHODS: Eighty menopausal patients ( 160 eyes ) diagnosed as dry eye were randomly divided into groups A and B ( 40 patients each ) . Group A was treated with hypromellose 2910,dextran 70 and glycerol eye drops only and group B was treated with Danzhi Xiaoyao Capsule and eye drops. Before and 1mo after treatment, the clinical effects were evaluated by symptom scores, fluorescein staining ( FL ) , tear film breakup time ( BUT ) and Schirmer Ⅰ test. While the corneal surface regularity index (SRI), surface asymmetry index (SAI) and central corneal thickness ( CCT) were observed.? RESULTS: At 1mo after treatment, the symptoms scores and FL scores of the 2 groups decreased significantly( P<0. 05 ); BUT and SⅠt were significantly increased (P<0. 05). SRI and SAI gradually increased with dry eye exacerbations, after treatment the two parameters significantly reduced than those before treatment. SRI of group B improved significantly more than group A. CCT gradually got thinning with the dry eye condition worsened, which also significantly increased after treatment (P<0. 05);but there was no difference between 2 groups before and after treatment(P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION: Combination therapy of Danzhi Xiaoyao Capsule and hypromellose 2910, dextran 70 and glycerol eye drops for menopausal patients with dry eye is more effective than single eye drops, and can improve the symptoms and signs.

Objective To investigate the morphologic abnormalities of myenteric plexus in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism of its effect on gastrointestinal motility.Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group.Gastrointestinal transit time was measured and histologic changes of cholinergic and nitriergic nerves in ileum myenteric plexus were observed with enzy- matic histochemistry.Results Four months after the establishment of the diabetic rats model,gastroin- testinal transit time was found delayed comparing with control group,the density of cholinergic neurons in the ileum myenteric plexus was decreased (P＜0.01) and the densities of nitriergic ganglions and neurons were significantly increased comparing with control group (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).Conclu- sion Decrease of cholinergic nerves and increase of nitriergic nerves in the myenteric plexus of intestine is one of the mechanisms of delay gastrointestinal transit time in diabetic rats.