Aim: To investigate gene expression spectra in human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 treated with gambogic acid (GA).Methods:Human cDNA microarray and RT-PCR technology were used to detect the changes in gene expression. Results: 31 genes in groups exposed to gambogic acid for 24 h and 56 genes for 48 h group were expessed differentially in comparison to the control group. Conclusior:The antitumor mechanism of GA might focus on apoptosis,metastasis as well as interfering with the cell cycle.

[Summary] The relationship between serum bilirubin and serum C-peptide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated. The clinical and laboratory data of 206 healthy subjects and 271 type 2 diabetic patients were collected. The partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum bilirubin was positively correlated with fasting C-peptide, postprandial C-peptide, and the difference between postprandial C-peptide and fasting C-peptide levels(β=0. 171, 0. 111,0. 052,P<0. 05 or P<0. 01).

Background Intravitreal injection with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) may cause complications,including increase of intraoculapressure (IOP),cataracand endophthalmitis.Ketorolatromethamine (Ketorolac) inew,lesadverse reactionof non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.The action mechanism of Ketorolaisimilato TA.Therefore,Ketorolamay be completely opartly replace Tin the treatmenof retinal edema.Objective The purpose of thistudy wato investigate the effectof Tand Ketorolaon the expressionof aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and vasculaendothelial growth facto(VEGF) in hypoxiretinal Müllecellin vitro and to explore the mechanism of treating retinal edemwith Tand Ketorolac.MethodThe propose of research and use of the animalwere approved by Animal ExperimenResearch Review Committee of Hubei University of Medicine.Twenty eyeof New Zealand albino rabbitwere extracted and the retinal tissue waisolated.The Müllecellwere cultured and passaged using the enzymatidigestion method and Müllecellwere identified using glial fibrillary acidiprotein (GFAP),vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by immunofluorescence staining.The hypoxicell modelwere established by culturing the cellin DMEM with 500 μmol/L CoCl2 fo0,6,12,24 hours.The cellof hypoxifo24 hourwere divided into normal control group,hypoxicontrol group,hypoxia+50,100,200 mg/L To50,100,200 mg/L Ketorolagroups.Corresponding drugwere added into the medium in the differengroups.The expressionof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecellwere detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PC(RT-PCR).ResultThe cellgrew well and reached 80％ confluence with the irregulashape and ovoid nuclei 14-15 dayaftecultured.More than 95％ primary cellshowed positive reaction to GFAP,vimentin and α-SMA.The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecell(values) were significantly differenin varioutime point(AQP4 mRNA:F=18.70,P＜0.01 ; VEGF mRNA:F =53.20,P＜0.01),and those of 6,12 and 24 houraftecultured with CoCl2were increased than those withouCoCl2 (P＜0.05).The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin Müllecell(values) were significandifferenamong the normal control group,hypoxicontrol group,hypoxia+50,100,200 mg/L ToKetorolagroup(AQP4 mRNA:F =27.98,P ＜ 0.01 ; VEGF mRNA:F =10.03,P ＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxicontrol group,the expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNin the Müllecellwere declined in the hypoxia+ 100,200 mg/L Tgroup and the hypoxia+100,200 mg/L Ketorolagroup (P＜0.05).The expressing levelof AQP4 mRNand VEGF mRNwere found statistically insignificandifference between hypoxia+ 100 mg/L Tgroup and hypoxia+ 100 mg/L Ketorolagroup,obetween hypoxia+ 200 mg/L Tgroup and hypoxi+200 mg/L Ketorolagroup (P＞ 0.05).ConclusionTand Ketorolacan downregulate the expressionof AQP4 and VEGF in Müllecellundehypoxiconditions,inferring thathey have similamechanism in the impacon AQP4 function in retinal edematoueye.

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of dry eye with type 2 diabetic patients,and to analyze the correlation between the clinical features of dry eye and the disease condition.METHODS: Retrospective case series study.Dry eye cases with type 2 diabetic were analyzed from March to December in 2016.And the clinical features of patients were summarized.Dry eye examination including tear break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer test (schirmer Ⅰ test,SⅠt).Patients were divided into <60 years and≥60 years group by the age.And patients were divided into <5 group,5-9 years group,≥10 years according to the duration of diabetes.According to the condition of blood glucose,patients were divided into glucose controlled group and the group blood glucose uncontrolled.The results were statistically analyzed with gender,age,duration of diabetes and blood glucose level.RESULTS: There were 178 cases collected.All cases were diagnosed as dry eye both eyes.The patient`s age ranged from 32 to 85 years,with an average 58.41±13.06 years.There were 110 (61.8%) male cases,and 68 (38.2%) female cases.In all cases,the mean value of BUT was 4.52±2.31s,and the mean value of SⅠt was 4.25±1.99mm/5min.The value of women were more than men,but the differences were not significant statistically.Patients of ≥60 group were less than the age group of <60 patients,and the difference was significant statistically (t=4.153,4.021;P<0.01).In different course,all groups were lower than the normal.The value of≥10 years group was the least,<5 years group was the highest,and 5-9 years group was middle one.The differences were statistically significant (F=68.884,60.204;P<0.01).The value of blood glucose controlled group was significantly higher than the group blood glucose uncontrolled,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.615,-5.918;P<0.01).CONCLUSION:There were two types dry eye in 2 diabetic patients: the instability of tear-film and the reduction of tear secretion.The clinic features of dry eye were related to age,the course of the disease,and the level of blood glucose.

Blood-eye barrier (BEB) is one of the most important structures of organism to maintain homeostasis of the eye. However, it is the major constraint for the medication of intraocular diseases. Traditional Chinese medicines have distinctive advantages for the treatment of intraocular diseases, which can be used to regulate the physiological function of human body with low toxicity. In this article, we have briefly summarized the feature of BEB, with the domestic and foreign literatures combined, and mainly reviewed current progress in the field of study on the permeability of traditional Chinese medicines and effective components in BEB and promoting methods.

Recently, many natural medicines, whose advantages are less side effects and possibility of long-term use, have been studied for their capacity, their anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and regenerative potential of periodontal tissues. Cervi Parvum Cornu(CPC) have been traditionally used as an hale, growth, hematogenous, anti-aging, back pain in Eastern medicine. The purpose of present study was to investigate the effects of CPC extract on cell cycle progression and its molecular mechanism in human fetal osteoblasts. CPC extracts (10 microgram/ml) increased cell proliferation in the human fetal osteoblasts as compared to non-supplemented control. There was no significant change in the G1 and S phase, but a increase in the G2/M phase in 10 microgram/ml and 100 microgram/ml of CPC extracts group as compared to non-supplemented control. The protein expression of cyclin E, cdk 2, cyclin D, cdk 4, and cdk 6 was higher than that of control group. The level of p21 was lower than that of control. But that of pRb and p16 was not distinguished from control. These results indicate that the increase of cell proliferation by CPC extracts may be due to the increased expression of cyclin E , cdk 2, cyclin D, cdk 4 and cdk 6, and the decreased expression of p21 in human fetal osteoblasts .
Back Pain ; Cell Cycle* ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D ; Cyclin E ; Cyclins ; Humans* ; Osteoblasts* ; S Phase

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the dried roots of Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllumr. spinifolium and to find out the active constituents of the plant.

METHODModern chromatography was used to purify chemical constituents, and their structures were identified by various spectral methods.

RESULTFour compounds were isolated and identified as isopimpinellin (I), xanthoxyletin (II), 6-(2', 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methyl-butyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (III), 6-(2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy, 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methybutyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (IV).

CONCLUSIONAll of the above compounds were isolated from the above mentioned plant for the first time.

Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Furocoumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Zanthoxylum ; chemistry

Objective To observe the ultrasonographic features of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast and its clinical and histopathological characteristics. Methods The ultrasonographic features, clinical and histopathological characteristics of 7 middle-aged women (median age 61 years old) with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast confirmed histopathologically from January 1995 to December 2014 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results There were 8 lesions in seven cases. Six cases were single lesion and 1 case with multiple lesions, the diameters of the lesions were 7.0-60.0 mm [mean (34.0±19.6) mm]. On grayscale ultrasound, 6 lesions with solid compoments were hypoechoic, 2 lesions with solid and cystic compoments were complex echogenic, the lesions all had irregular shape and indistinct margin, 2 lesions had calcifications. On color Doppler flow imaging, 7 lesions had rich blood flow signals (Ⅱor Ⅲ) and 1 lesion had no blood flow signal. On gross histopathological examination, 6 masses were solid, pale-white colored, medium texture and the boundary was not clear. Two masses had cystic cavity. One old patient who was 70 years old had several times chest wall recurrence after mastectomy. On ultrasonography, the lesion showed an anechoic cyst with thick wall. Two chest wall recurrence lesions were cystic with thick wall. Microscopic examination showed squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating into the fiber adipose and skeletal muscle tissue. Conclusions Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is more common in large tumor size. Ultrasound can show the more cysticcomponents of the tumor and abundant vascularity, which is helpful for diagnosis.

The transition metal cobalt, an essential cofactor for many enzymes in prokaryotes, is taken up by several specific transport systems. The CbiMNQO protein complex belongs to type-1 energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters and is a widespread group of microbial cobalt transporters. CbiO is the ATPase subunit (A-component) of the cobalt transporting system in the gram-negative thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. Here we report the crystal structure of a nucleotide-free CbiO at a resolution of 2.3 Å. CbiO contains an N-terminal canonical nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and C-terminal helical domain. Structural and biochemical data show that CbiO forms a homodimer mediated by the NBD and the C-terminal domain. Interactions mainly via conserved hydrophobic amino acids between the two C-terminal domains result in formation of a four-helix bundle. Structural comparison with other ECF transporters suggests that non-conserved residues outside the T-component binding groove in the A component likely act as a specificity determinant for T components. Together, our data provide information on understanding of the structural organization and interaction of the CbiMNQO system.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; chemistry ; Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Biological Transport ; Catalytic Domain ; Cobalt ; chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thermoanaerobacter ; enzymology

OBJECTIVE: Due to limited efficacy of medications, non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) are frequently co-administered to people with moderate to severe dementia (PWMSD). This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of NPI on activities of daily living (ADL), behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and cognition and quality of life (QoL) of PWMSD. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the following databases: Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Medline, CIHNAL, PsycINFO, KoreaMED, KMbase, and KISS. We conducted a meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials and used the generic inverse variance method with a fixed-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD). The protocol had been registered (CRD42017058020).
Activities of Daily Living ; Anxiety ; Cognition ; Dementia ; Depression ; Dihydroergotamine ; Methods ; Music Therapy ; Quality of Life