Purpose: This study aims to identify the relationship between nursing students’ social anxiety and communication ability, and in particular, to determine the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Methods: A total of 187 nursing students enrolled at four universities in Korea completed surveys between August and September 2020. The measurements included the Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, self-efficacy scales, and interaction anxiousness scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression following the Baron and Kenny method, and bootstrapping for mediation. Results: Communication ability was significantly negatively correlated with social anxiety (r=-.61, p<.001) and significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy (r=.77, p<.001). Furthermore, self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social anxiety and communication ability. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that communication ability can be improved if individual characteristics such as social anxiety and self-efficacy are considered. Therefore, when developing communication ability improvement programs for nursing students in the future, it is considered important to actively consider these personal characteristics.

Purpose: This study aims to identify the relationship between nursing students’ social anxiety and communication ability, and in particular, to determine the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Methods: A total of 187 nursing students enrolled at four universities in Korea completed surveys between August and September 2020. The measurements included the Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, self-efficacy scales, and interaction anxiousness scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression following the Baron and Kenny method, and bootstrapping for mediation. Results: Communication ability was significantly negatively correlated with social anxiety (r=-.61, p<.001) and significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy (r=.77, p<.001). Furthermore, self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social anxiety and communication ability. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that communication ability can be improved if individual characteristics such as social anxiety and self-efficacy are considered. Therefore, when developing communication ability improvement programs for nursing students in the future, it is considered important to actively consider these personal characteristics.

Soft tissue augmentation is a process of implanting tissues or materials to treat wrinkles or soft tissue defects in the body. Over the years, various materials have evolved to correct soft tissue defects, including a number of tissues and polymers. Autogenous dermis, autogenous fat, autogenous dermis-fat, allogenic dermis, synthetic implants, and fillers have been widely accepted for soft tissue augmentations. Tissue engineering technology has also been introduced and opened a new venue of opportunities in this field. In particular, a long-lasting filler consisting of hyaluronic acid filler and living human mesenchymal cells called "injectable tissue-engineered soft tissue" has been created and applied clinically, as this strategy has many advantages over conventional methods. Fibroblasts and adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells can be clinically used as injectable tissue-engineered soft tissue at present. In this review, information on the soft tissue augmentation method using the injectable tissue-engineered soft tissue is provided.
Adipocytes/transplantation ; Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Biocompatible Materials ; Connective Tissue/*surgery ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Face ; Fibroblasts/transplantation ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use ; Injections, Intradermal ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Skin ; Skin Aging ; Tissue Engineering/*methods

BACKGROUND: The plateletpheresis yields are important to meet standard platelet transfusion doses and single donor platelets (SDPs) with fewer than 3.0x1011 can not be issued without approval from hospitals according to the regulations of Korea Red Cross blood center. This study evaluates platelet yields and plateletpheresis parameters of three different cell separators. METHODS: We used Amicus (Baxter, Deerfield, IL, U.S.A.), MCS+ (Haemonetics, Braintree, MA, U.S.A.) and Trima (Gambro BCT, Lakewood, U.S.A.) and collected a total of 2,303 units of leukocyte-reduced SDP(LRSDP). All separators were set up to target a platelet yield of 3.2x1011 and parameters were recorded for each collection. All units were divided into group 1(<2.5x1011), 2(2.5-2.9x1011), 3(3.0x1011-optimal platelet counts/unit) and 4(>optimal platelet counts/unit) by platelet yields and separators. RESULTS: Three cell separators did not show any differences in the mean values of platelet yields. SDPs with 3.0x1011 or over were 87%, 91% and 87%, respectively. SDPs with more than optimal platelet counts per unit were 2%, 1% and 2%, respectively. SDPs collected by Trima had significantly higher values for pre-platelet count, total processing blood volume and used ACD volume. SDPs collected by MCS+ showed significant differences between groups in evaluated parameters including longer collecting time. CONCLUSION: All three separators provided satisfactory platelet yields with no significant differences among them. But platelet yields less than 3.0x1011 accounted for 9-13% of all collections. This study demonstrated that qualified management and thorough understanding of the plateletpheresis technology are necessary to increase productivity of SDPs with 3.0x1011 or over. It is also necessary to introduce new regulations and criteria for platelet yields, e.g. the yield-based pricing system.
Blood Platelets ; Blood Volume ; Efficiency ; Humans ; Korea ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Transfusion ; Plateletpheresis* ; Red Cross ; Social Control, Formal ; Tissue Donors

Anti-thrombin III deficiency is known as a disease of autosomal dominant trait and relatively common, but in Korea, exact incidence and mortality is not known, In general, Anti-thrombin III deficiency is expressed to venous thromboembolism like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. But, arterial embolism is very rare. We experienced a case of Antithrombin III deficiency expressed as myocardial infarction of inferior wall by huge thrombosis in the mid and distal right coronary artery.
Antithrombin III Deficiency ; Coronary Vessels ; Embolism ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Thrombosis ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis

We found a case of Ael for the first time in Korea. The patient was 28-year-old woman admitted for the delivery of her first baby. Patient's red cells were typed as O, while the serum typing was A. The red cells were agglutinated by anti-H, but not agglutinated by anti-A1 or anti-AB. Adsorption of anti-A by patient's RBC was confirmed on the adsorption-elution test. In the saliva, only H substance was demonstable. A substance was not demonstrated either in the serum or in the saliva. A transferase was not demonstrated in patient's serum. One of the patient's sister and her daughter, and the patient's son also had same Ael phenotype.
Adsorption ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Nuclear Family ; Phenotype ; Saliva ; Siblings ; Transferases

No abstract available.
Cells, Cultured ; Prevotella ; Prevotella nigrescens

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in protein expression induced by botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection and to characterize the molecular and cellular action of mechanisms of BoNT-A injection on skeletal muscles using proteomic elements as biomarkers. METHODS: BoNT-A was injected into left gastrocnemius muscles of 12 Sprague-Dawley rats (2 months of age) at a dosage of 5 units/kg body weight. For the controls same volume of normal saline was injected to right gastrocnemius muscle of each rat. Muscle samples were obtained at 4 time points (3 rats per time point): 3, 7, 14, and 56 day post-injection. To reveal the alterations in muscle protein, we performed 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and compared Botox group and normal saline group at each time point. Altered protein spots in 2DE were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) proteomics analysis. RESULTS: Compared with normal saline group, 46 protein spots showed changed protein expression. Twelve protein spots demonstrated increased volume and 34 protein spots demonstrated decreased volume. Among spots of decreased volume, 17 spots showed statistically significant differences. Thirty-eight identified proteins were associated with alterations in energy metabolism, muscle contractile function, transcription, translation, cell proliferation, and cellular stress response. CONCLUSION: BoNT-A gives influences on muscle contractile function and energy metabolism directly or indirectly besides neurotoxic effects. Proteomic expression provides better understanding about the effect of BoNT-A on skeletal muscle.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Botulinum Toxins ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; Cell Proliferation ; Electrophoresis ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Energy Metabolism ; Muscle Proteins ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Proteins ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The objective of this study was to compare early child care center teachers' attitudes for meal and snack guidance between Sweden and Korea. Participants were 251 early child care center teachers (Sweden: 134, Korea: 117) working in Goetebory, Sweden, and Seoul, Korea. The survey was conducted from December in 2003 to February in 2004. SPSS programme was used for statistical analysis. Sixty five point eight percent of the Korean early child care center teachers provided a certain amount of foods for children. But 20.9% of Swedish provided a certain amount of foods for children, 79.1% of them provided the amount a child wanted. Sixty one point seven percent of Korean teachers allowed a child leave foods on the plate, but 95.5% of Swedish teachers asked a child eat all food on the plate. When a child didn't want to eat, 61.1% of the Korean teachers fed him/her, but 11.0% of the Swedish teachers did. Only 42.4% of the Swedish teachers allowed a children eat sweets, but 92.9% of Korean did. The Swedish teachers' perception for food guidance were eating by child himself/herself > washing hands before eating > having appropriate table manner > eating as talking with friends > not playing during the meal time, while the Korean teachers' was taking various food > having appropriate table manner > eating by child himself/herself, not playing during the meal time > washing hands before eating. The Swedish teachers thought 'eating as talking with friends' and 'eating by child himself/herself' is important, where as the Korean's did 'eating without making noise', 'not playing during the mealtime' in the eating behavior. For 'brushing teeth after meal' the Swedish teachers' score (1.5) was lower than the Korean (4.2). The results is necessary to improve meal and snack guidance for Korean early child care center teachers' education.
Child ; Child Care* ; Child* ; Eating ; Education ; Feeding Behavior ; Friends ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea* ; Meals* ; Seoul ; Snacks* ; Sweden* ; Tooth

Here we report two cases of isolated diffuse mesangial sclerosis (IDMS) with early onset end-stage renal failure. These female patients did not show abnormalities of the gonads or external genitalia. Direct sequencing of WT1 PCR products from genomic DNA identified WT1 mutations in exons 8 (366 Arg>His) and 9 (396 Asp>Tyr). These mutations have been reported previously in association with Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS) with early onset renal failure. Therefore we suggest that, at least in part, IDMS is a variant of DDS and that investigations for the WT1 mutations should be performed in IDMS patients. In cases with identified WT1 mutations, the same attention to tumor development should be required as in DDS patients, and karyotyping and serial abdominal ultrasonograms to evaluate the gonads and kidney are warranted.
Base Sequence ; DNA/chemistry/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Glomerular Mesangium/*pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; *Mutation ; Nephrosclerosis/*genetics ; WT1 Proteins/*genetics