Thl cloned cell line 28-4 which is an I-A + KLH - specific Th1 type clone of (C57BU6xC 3H) F1 origin was kindly provided by professor Tomio Tada. In these studies, employing these cloned cells, the author investigated both proliferation responses of Thl cells in the presence of various concentrations of cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-4 or IL-6 and proliferation of Thl cells to various concentration of mitogens such as PHA, ConA or PWM. In addition, the author also investigated the proliferation response of Th1 cells to the optimal dose of PHA, ConA or PWM in the presence or absence of above mentioned cytokines. It was found that IL-2, IL-4 or IL-6 alone their growth stimulation degree was dependent on cytokine concentration and that PHA, ConA or PWM stimulated Thl cell proliferation and optimal dose of PHA ConA and PWM was 3 g, 4 g and 2 g per ml, respectively. In addition, proliferation response of Th1 cells to ConA or PWM in the presence of IL-2 was significantly enhanced, but the proliferation response to PHA was not increased significantly. However, IL-4 did not significantly modulate mitogen-activated Thl cell proliferation response. Interestingly, IL-6 decreased PHA- or ConA-activated proliferation of Thl cells, but did not change PWM-activated proliferation. Taken together, these studies strongly suggested that IL-2, IL-4 or IL-6 itself clone stimulated the Thl cell proliferation and that PHA, ConA or PWM also stimulated Thl cell proliferation. In addition, these studies also indicated that IL-2 increased ConA- or PWM-activated Thl cell proliferation, but IL6 inhibited PHA- or ConA-activated Th1 cell proliferation and that IL-4 did not significantly change the mitogen-activated Th1 cell proliferation.
Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Clone Cells ; Cytokines* ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Mitogens ; Th1 Cells*

Fetal abnormalities in central nervous system are now recognized more often with the increasing use of high-resolution prenatal sonography. Arachnoid cysts, because of their compression of adjacent brain tissue, may require neurosurgical intervention but otherwise they have a good long- term prognosis. The differential diagnosis of intracranial lesions is important to allow accurate counselling and also to optimize neonatal management. We report the two cases of fetal arachnoid cyst diagnosed with prenatal ultrasonography
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

Emergency cerclage commonly known as that performed in the setting of advanced cervical dilatation with bulging membranes and associated with significantly increased failure rates. We experienced a successful emergency cerclage for advanced incompetent internal os of cervix ( IIOC ). Pregnancy was prolonged and we delivered viable fetus. Hereby we report this case with the brief review of literature.
Cervix Uteri ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Fetus ; Labor Stage, First ; Membranes ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mothers*

Hysterosalpingography and Hysteroscopy have been used for the detection of intraute-rine pathology such as polyps, submucous myomas, intrauterine adhesion and endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. Recently the ultrasound has also been utilized for the detection of uterine pathology. Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of SonoHysterography in detection of intrauterine pathology compared with HSG and Hysteroscopy. 32 patients underwent Sono-Hysterography and Hysteroscopy for the evaluation of the uterine pathology from september 1995 to January 1996. Nine of 32 patients had infertility problem and HSG performed prior to Sono-Hysterography and Hysteroscopy. The results are as follows : 1. The patients' ages ranged from 20 to 50 years(median 37.9). 2. All 9 patients with infertility who had positive HSG findings in uterine cavity showed the intrauterine pathology in Sono-Hysterography as well as Hysteroscopy. The detail findings are as follows :septated uterus(n=2), intrauterine adhesion :IUA(n=3), endometrial polyp(n=3), and IUA combined endmetrial hyperplasia(n=1). 3. Twenty two of 23 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding showed the intrauterne pathology and one patient had negative finding in Sono-Hysterography. However, Hysteroscopy revealed positive intrauterine pathology in 22 patients who had abnormal uterine bleeding. One patients who had positive finding in Sono-Hysterograply showed negative by Hysterography. In contrast, one patient who had negative finding in Sono-Hysterography had positive uterine pathology with polyp in Hysteroscopy. The histologic pathology in all 23 patients reported endometrial polyp(n=12), placental polyp(n=2), submucous myoma(n=1), endometrial hyperplasia(n=5), endometrial cancer(n=1), normal endometrial finding(n=2). 4. Sono-Hysterography, therefore, has a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 96.6%, 93.5% respectively. Our study showed a positive Sono-Hysterography is very predictive of the intrauterine pathology. Sono-Hysterography is safe, quick and minimal invasive procedure. So it is an invaluable technique in the evaluation of uterine cavity.
Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterosalpingography ; Hysteroscopy* ; Infertility ; Myoma ; Pathology* ; Polyps ; Ultrasonography ; Uterine Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Interleukin-6* ; Lymphocytes*

OBJECTIVES: Estimation of the anterior lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness difference who underwent prior cesarean delivery measured with transvaginal sonography at or after 36 gestational weeks (sonographic thickness) and a ruler during elective cesarean section (operation thickness) Methods: One hundred sixty women who underwent prior cesarean delivery had the thickness of their LUS measured with transvaginal sonography at or after 36 gestational weeks. The LUS thickness was measured with a ruler during elective cesarean section. We compared group I whose LUS was fairly well visualized 4 cm or more from the uterine cervix to group II which had less than 4 cm. RESULTS: The mean sonographic thickness of LUS was 1.7 0.8 mm and that of operation thickness was 1.9 0.5 mm. The mean difference of the two (thickness difference) was 0.5 0.5 mm. In 31.3% the sonographic thickness was same as the operation thickness and in 70.7% of the total with 0.5 mm or less difference, the sonographic thickness could be regarded as accurate. The thickness difference with the sonographic thickness with 2 mm or more was smaller than those with 1 mm or less (0.4 0.5; 0.6 0.6) and that of group I was smaller than that of group II (0.4 0.4; 0.9 0.6) (p< .05). CONCLUSION: The thickness difference was 0.5 0.5 mm and it was smaller when the LUS thickness is 2 mm or over, clearly visible 4 cm or over from the cervix.
Cervix Uteri ; Cesarean Section ; Cicatrix* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography*

Periductal stromal sarcoma (PSS) is a type of rare malignant fibroepithelial tumor. PSS is a recently introduced diagnostic entity and there are few reports about radiological features of this tumor. Pre-operative diagnosis is difficult because it reveals similar symptoms with other benign and malignant tumors with absence of specific radiologic findings. We present a woman age 30 that underwent mammotome biopsy for a BI-RADS 4 lesion on her left breast and received histopathology diagnosis of a phyllodes tumor. Additionally, she underwent a wide excision depending on her histopathology diagnosis. Her final diagnosis was PSS. Six months later, no recurrence was detected. However, frequent follow-up is needed because PSS can develop into phyllodes tumor or entity of breast cancer.
Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relation between pre-operative MR findings and intradiscal bone cement leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-operative MR and vertebroplasty were performed in 188 vertebral bodies, 376 superior and inferior cortical endplates and intervertebral discs of 126 patients. We analyzed the relation between endplate cortical injury and intradiscal linear low signal intensity lesions in the pre-operative MR images and measured intradiscal bone cement leakage on post-operative CT and fluoroscopy. RESULTS: Intradiscal bone cement leakage was found in 11.4% (43/376) of the cases. The incidence of endplate cortical injury in T1, T2 weighted MR images were 52.1% and 38.8%, respectively; the incidence of intradiscal linear low signal intensity lesions in T1, T2 weighted images were 11.2% and 24.2%, respectively. In relation with pre-operative MR findings and intradiscal bone cement leakage, the sensitivities of end plate cortical injury in T1 and T2 weighted images and intradiscal low signal intensity lesions in T1 and T2 weighted images were 100%, 95.3%, 39.5%, 86.5%, the specificities were 54.1%, 68.5%, 92.5%, 83.9%, the positive predictive values were 21.9%, 28.1%, 40.5%, 40.7%, the negative predictive values were 100%, 99.1%, 92.2%, 97.9%, and the accuracy were 59.3%, 71.5%, 86.4%, 84.0%. The incidence of intradiscal bone cement leakage was significantly increased when endplate cortical injury and intradiscal linear low signal intensity lesions were observed (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: Endplate cortical injury and intradiscal linear low signal intensity observed in pre-operative MR are useful findings in predicting intradiscal bone cement leakage.
Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc ; Osteoporosis ; Spine ; Vertebroplasty*

Campomelic syndrome is a very rare skeletal dysplasia with a characteristic pattern of deformity involving the proximal and distal extremities, pelvic and shoulder girdles, thoracic cage and palate. Respiratory compromise often leads to death in early infancy. Etiology has not been determined although evidence suggests genetic heterogeneity. Cytogenetic study revealed high incidence of a 46,XY karyotype in phenotypic females. Recently, we had experienced a case of campomelic dysplasia at amenorrhea 30weeks and termination was done, so we report with a brief review of literature.
Amenorrhea ; Campomelic Dysplasia* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cytogenetics ; Extremities ; Female ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karyotype ; Palate ; Shoulder