Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; therapy

Objective To understand the dietary nutrients among rural stranded children.Methods 2551 children aged 2 to 7, including 1278 stranded children in the rural areas and another 1273 children served as controls were selected, using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Dietary survey was performed with three-day weighing dietary method and questionnaire on food intake. Data on diet were analyzed and evaluated by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommend by Chinese Nutrition Society, to evaluate the levels on energy and nutrient intake among stranded children in the rural areas. Results The dietary pattern among rural stranded children mainly consisted of grains and vegetables, but the intakes of animal products, fruits, and snacks were significantly less than in the control group. The intakes of three major energy-producing nutrients were below the recommend nutrient intake. Minerals as calcium, zinc, selenium, kalium and vitamins as vitamin A, B1, B2were insufficient.Most of the rural stranded children took nutrients insufficiently, with 50% lack of adequate energy and 80% of protein, 90% of minerals (calcium, zinc etc.) and vitamins (vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 etc.).Sources from high quality protein was insufficient, only consisting 35% of the total protein, but overabundant (over 64 % ) from the plants. The intake of plant-sourced iron was overabundant, accounted for 87%. Conclusion The dietary pattern was unsatisfactory with insufficient intake of energy-sourced proteins and some nutrients. The sources of energy, protein, and iron were mostly obtained from underbalaneed foods. It is necessary to improve the dietary nutrients status among rural stranded children aged 2-7 years.

AIMTo study preventive and therapeutic effect of zinc sulfate on lung injury during superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) shock and their mechanism of action.

METHODSModel of rabbit SMAO shock was made. The effect of zinc sulfate on the malondialdehyde (MDA) in erythrocyte membrane and plasma, oxidase (XOD) in plasma, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocyte and MDA, SOD and pulmonary surfactant (PS) in lung tissues homogenate were observed.

RESULTSThe administration of zinc sulfate decreased MDA and XOD, prevented the reduction of SOD and PS, and alleviated lung injury.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that lung is injured during SMAO shock and zinc sulfate possesses preventive and therapeutic effect, through stabilized membrane.

Animals ; Female ; Lung ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; etiology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; pathology ; Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Shock ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Zinc Sulfate ; therapeutic use

AIMTo explore the effects of shenmai (Chinese transitional medicine) injection on lipid peroxidation in the lung following with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of limb.

METHODSThe models of I/R injury of limb were constructed in rabbits. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in into and out-flowing pulmonary blood (IPB, OPB) and lung tissue were measured, as well as the effects of shenmai injection were observed.

RESULTSCompared with sham group, the activity of SOD in IPB, OPB and lung tissue were decreased, and the content of MDA was increased after 4 h ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion. SOD increased and MDA decreased significantly by icy shenmai injection 30 min before reperfusion. The correlation analysis indicated that MDA was negatively correlated with SOD .

CONCLUSIONOxygen free radicals metabolic confusion of lung occurred in the course of I/R, shenmai injection can alleviate lipid peroxidation, get rid of free radicals and inhibit the damage of lung.

Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Ischemia ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Lung ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

AIMTo investigate the role of endothelin-1 in the pathogenesis of neurogenetic pulmonary edema.

METHODSThe levels of endothelin-1 in plasma and lung were measured in rats which suffered from diffuse brain injury on Marmarous' model. The changes of endothelin-1 in the lungs were also detected using an immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSAfter heavy diffuse brain injury in rats, the levels of endothelin-1 in plasma and lung began increasing at 1 hour, and peaked at 6 hour. Though a little declining at 24 hour, it maintained a higher level within 48 hours (P < 0.05). Pulmonary pathology showed that after brain injury there were congestion, swelling in pulmonary microvessels with broadened pulmonary interstitial tissue, and leucocyte infiltration was dominated by neutrophils and monocytes from 1 hour on, which peaked at 6 hour. More serious congestion, swelling and protein effusion in pulmonary alveoli were observed at both 24 h and 48 h. Immunohistochemically, endothelin-1 had more significant expression and higher levels of OD in the experimental groups than that in the control's, the most significance of which was at 6 hour.

CONCLUSIONThe inflammatory injury mechanism caused by endothelin-1 may play an important role in neurogenic pulmonary edema.

Animals ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Edema ; etiology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To explore knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and related determinants on nutrition among caregivers of those rural stranded children under 7 years of age in China and to provide evidence for setting up relevant health education program. Methods 1691 caregivers of the stranded children randomly selected were surveyed by a standard questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to screen the determinants on KAP regarding nutrition. Results Rates on awareness, positive attitude and approprite behavior were lower in caregivers of children whose parents both left (47.8%, 55.4%, 41.8%, respectively) the countryside, when compared with those only one parent was away from home (59.9%, 59.5%, 38.0%, respectively). Data from multivariable logistic regression models showed that caregivers' KAP on nutrition was related to age, educational background, average family income, and willingness on the job as well as the age of the child. Conclusion Improving caregivers' KAP on nutrition and setting up appropriate health education program were in urgent need.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of kinetic rectification acupuncture in treating acute facial neuritis. Method Sixty patients with acute facial neuritis were randomized to observation and control groups. The observation group received kinetic rectification acupuncture and the control group, conventional acupuncture alone. Acupuncture was given five times a week, five times as one course. The therapeutic effects were evaluated after three courses of treatment. Result The total efficacy rate was 93.3% in the observation group and 73.3% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The latencies and amplitudes of the frontal muscle, orbicularis oculi muscle and quadrate muscle of upper lip improved in the two groups after treatment and had statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences (P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the pre-/post-treatment difference values of the latencies and amplitudes of the frontal muscle and orbicularis oculi muscle (P<0.01) and no statistically significant difference in the pre-/post-treatment difference values of the latency and amplitude of the quadrate muscle of upper lip (P>0.05) between the two groups. Conclusion Kinetic rectification acupuncture has a marked therapeutic effect on acute facial neuritis. This study provides a particular therapeutic method for clinical practice.

Cell Line ; Dialysis Solutions ; adverse effects ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; adverse effects ; Peritoneum ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

OBJECTIVE: To compare the nephrotoxicity of high- and low-osmolar contrast media (HOCM and LOCM), and to determine the protective role of fosinopril or telmisartan and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Forty eight healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: a normal control group, a glycerol control group, a low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM) group, a high-osmolar contrast media (HOCM) group, a fosinopril group, and a telmisartan group. Glycerine for inducing kidney damage was given to all rats except the normal control group. Twenty-four hours after the injection of glycerine, the mixed fosinopril suspension (10mg/kg) or telmisartan (5mg/kg) was poured into the stomach in the preventive group. Serum creatinine (SCr) and plasma angiotensin II (AngII) levels were detected by an automatical biochemical analyzer and radioimmunoassay; caspase-3 activity and claudin-1 expression of the renal tissue were detected by fluorometric method and immunohistochemical method. The renal injury was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and terminal deoxynucleotide mediated nick and labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. RESULTS: In diatrizoate-injected rats, SCr and AngII levels were increased (P<0.05). Expression of claudin-1 protein and caspase-3 activity in the renal tissue was upregulated. The histologic changes and percentage of apoptotic cells were milder in the LOCM rats than those in the HOCM rats. In the group pretreated with fosinopril or telmisartan, no increase in the levels of SCr and AngII was discovered. The expression of claudin-1 protein and caspase-3 activity was significantly lower than that in the HOCM group. The renal injuries induced by diatrizoate were alleviated. CONCLUSION Both HOCM and LOCM could cause cellular apoptosis in the kidney.LOCM was less toxic to rat kidney than HOCM. Nephrotoxicity induced by HOCM might be related to caspase-3, claudin-1 and AngII. Fosinopril or telmisartan may protect the renal tissue from nephrotoxicity induced by diatrizoate.
Angiotensin II ; blood ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzimidazoles ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Claudin-1 ; metabolism ; Contrast Media ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Fosinopril ; pharmacology ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Telmisartan

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the correlation of clinical features with pathology in chronic viral hepatitis (CH).

METHODSAnalyses of single factor and multiple factors of serum biochemical indices, imaging examination results, symptoms and signs with degree of pathological lesion of hepatic tissue in 973 cases of CH were conducted. Meanwhile, the hepatic functional index (AAPEA index) was used to investigate the role of serum biochemical indices in diagnosis of CH.

RESULTSIn these patients with CH,the severity of hepatic lesion was closely correlated to symptoms and signs, biochemical indices such as PTA, ALT, TBIL, ALB, A/G, gamma-globulin (gamma-G) by electrophoresis, AST and cholinesterase (CHE) as well as splenic thickness. AST was superior to ALT in reflecting degree of hepatic inflammatory activity. The total mistaken judgment rate of multiple factor analysis was 28.1%. The correlation coefficient of AAPEA index to degrees of hepatic inflammatory activity, fibrosis and pathological grading was 0.559, 0.545 and 0.529, respectively (P<0.000 1)

CONCLUSIONSThe biochemical indices such as PTA, ALT, TBIL, ALB, A/G, gammaG, AST, CHE and the determination of splenic thickness by ultrasonography B could reflect hepatic pathological changes to certain extent. AST was superior to ALT in reflecting degree of hepatic inflammatory activity. Incorrect judgment rate was high in determination of moderate and severe CH by multiple factor analysis. Conformity rate between AAPEA index and pathological diagnosis was better than any of them alone in diagnosing CH.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography