China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Vaccination

Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Primary Prevention ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; virology

Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Program Evaluation

Objective To observe the effect of Wnt/β-catenin pathway on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) using the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)-targeting RNAi recombinant adenovirus vector. Methods Homologous recombination and cloning techniques were used to construct RNAi recombinant adenoviral expressive vectors specific to GSK-3β. Then, the adenovirus plasmids was transfected into HEK 293A cells to produce adenovirus and amplify the adenoviral stock. Plaque forming assay was used to titer the adenoviral stock. The GSK-3β and β-catenin protein expressions were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The proliferation of HUVEC was detected with MTr assay. Results The RNAi adenovirus vectors specific to GSK-3β were successfully produced with high titer. The expression of GSK-3β protein in HUVEC could be down-regulated efficiently by the RNAi adenovirus, along with increased β-catenin protein expression. The proliferation of HUVEC was significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) after infected with GSK-3β RNAi recombinant adenovirus for 3, 5, 7 days. Conclusion RNAi adenovirus is an important tool that can inhibit the expression of GSK-3β efficiently, along with increased β-catenin protein expression. Up-regulating of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway might play an important role in the proliferation of HUVEC.

Cardia ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagoscopy ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Precancerous Conditions ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery

Recent epidemiology and laboratory studies indicate that regular taking of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of colorectal, esophageal, stomach and pancreatic cancers and other digestive cancers. Thus, aspirin and other NSAIDs may be an effective chemoprevention agent for digestive cancers. On the other hand, this protection effort may be benefitial to the course of the intervention, regression and prevention of cancer lesions. The possible mechanism of NSAIDs chemoprevention may be: (1)reducing the synthesis of prostaglandin(PG) and inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase(COX) activity; (2) inducing apoptosis in epithelial cells of the gastro-intestinal origin; (3)obstructing signaling transduction pathways of COX and PG. Now, chemoprevention of NSAIDs has become focus of research on cancer secondary prevention, as its protective effects of chemoprevention of digesrive cancer have been determined. NSAIDs, especially selective COX-2 inhibitor may be a novel useful chemoprevention agents for digestive cancer and their precursor lesions in future.

With the development of biomolecular technology, more human papillomavirus (HPV) types have been found to be related with various diseases. High-risk HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 61 have shown causal relationship with cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, oral cavity, and oropharynx. Low-risk HPV 6 and 11 have shown causal relationship with genital warts. HPV may also cause cancer of the larynx. However, the relationships between HPV and esophagus and lung cancers are still controversial.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; virology ; Papillomaviridae ; physiology

Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology

Cervical cancer ranks the second common cancer in women, affecting women severely in developing countries. It is a critical issue to develop simple, rapid, accurate, safe, acceptable, and inexpensive screening tests which can be used in cervical cancer prevention programs in developing countries. Due to the shortage of funding and qualified cytological professionals in most developing countries, WHO has been actively promoting visual inspection with acetic acid/iodine solution (VIA/VILI) as the alternative approach to screening cervical cancer. After the discovery of a link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, the HPV prophylactic vaccine and CareHPV test have been successfully developed. The cervical cancer will be the first cancer eliminated by the combination of vaccination, screening, early diagnosis and treatment.
Acetic Acid ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Developing Countries ; Early Detection of Cancer ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Iodides ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; virology

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric cardia cancer.

METHODSAn unmatched prospective nested case-control study was conducted. In 1985, 29 584 subjects in age of 40-69 were recruited from Linxian, Henan Province. 10 mL blood samples were collected from all participants. By March 2001, 1089 cases of gastric cardia cancer were diagnosed. 196 cases were randomly sampled from them and formed the case group. 185 subjects were randomly sampled from the subcohort, which was built up in a previous case-cohort study and was able to represent the baseline population, forming the control group. Serum samples were assayed for H. pylori IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for cardia cancer, and also calculated by time from blood collection, time to diagnosis, gender and age, when blood was taken.

RESULTSThe positive rate of H. pylori IgG antibodies in control and case groups was 71.4% and 82.1%, respectively. The adjusted OR (95% CI) were 2.00 (1.21-3.31) for all cardia cancer cases, 1.36 (0.71-2.60) for male subjects, and 4.19 (1.73-10.17) for female subjects. By age group when blood samples were collected, the adjusted OR (95% CI) were 3.45 (1.41-8.45), 1.56 (0.69-3.54) and 1.11 (0.37-3.33) for < or = 50, 51-60 and > 60-years-old groups, respectively. The adjusted OR (95% CI) were 1.78 (0.88-3.60), 1.66 (0.80-3.44) and 2.23 (1.05-4.74) for cases diagnosed < or = 5, 6-10 and > 10 years after blood collection, respectively.

CONCLUSIONH. pylori infection is associated with gastric cardia cancer, especially for female subjects, the ones who were younger than 50 years old and who were infected with H. pylori more than 10 years.

Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Cardia ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Confidence Intervals ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; epidemiology ; immunology ; Helicobacter pylori ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prospective Studies ; Random Allocation ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; immunology ; microbiology