Periodontal ligament cells may have a role in the regulation of hard and soft periodontal tissues, but their specific function has not yet to be determined. To evaluate further their role in periodontal regeneration, they were examined for osteoblast-like behavior. Periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts were primarily cultured from extracted premolar with non-periodontal diseases. Cells were cultured with DMEM at 37degrees C, 5% CO2, 100% humidity incubator, and as a measure of cell characterization, it was examined that the morphology, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and immunocytochemistry for osteonectin, osteocalcin, and collagen type I. Healthy periodontal ligament cells has more osteoblastic-like cell property in alkaline phosphatase activity, and collagen synthesis than gingival fibroblast. Immunocytochemistry localization explained that calcitonin were expressed in periodontal ligament cells only, and osteonectin and type I collagen were produced in both cells simultaneously. This results indicate that the growth characteristics of periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts exhibit some differences in proliferative rates and biochemical synthesis. The differences may help to calrify the role such cells play in the regenearation of periodontal tissues.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bicuspid ; Calcitonin ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Fibroblasts ; Humans* ; Humidity ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incubators ; Osteocalcin ; Osteonectin ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Population Characteristics* ; Regeneration

The main goal for the treatment of periodontal diseases is the regeneration of lost cementum, bone and connective tissue. Clinical and histological research suggests that it is possible to restore periodontal structures. Seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. has been used for the treatment of bone fracture and osteoporosis in traditional Korean medicine. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of extract of seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. on mineralization in periodontal ligament cells and osteoblastic cells. Periodontal ligament cells were primarily obtained from a extracted premolars with non-periodontal diseases. Osteoblastic cells were obtained from calvariae of a fetal rat. Cells were cultured with DMEM at 37degrees C with 5% CO2 in 100% humidity incubator. Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) level and the number of calcification nodules were examined and western blot analysis using osteonectin was performed. Measurements of ALP levels and calcification nodules showed that extract of seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. had significantly higher activity than control in all of both cells. In western blot analysis, protein expression of osteonectin indicated that extract of seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. showed an increased pattern than control in all of both cells. From the above results, it seems that extract of seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. has excellent effect on mineralization in periodontal ligament cells and osteoblastic cells.
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Blotting, Western ; Carthamus tinctorius* ; Carthamus* ; Connective Tissue ; Dental Cementum ; Fractures, Bone ; Humidity ; Incubators ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteonectin ; Osteoporosis ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Skull

We reviewed clinical records and histologic materials of 96 cases of metastatic skin cancer in Seoul National University Hospital from January 1973 to July 1986. The metastatic skin cancers of male were twice as many as that of female and they occurred most frequently in male at their fifties, female, forties. The most frequent primary cancers in men were carcinoma of the stomach, lung, colorectum and pancreas; in women, carcinoma of the breast, stomach, lung and uterine cervix. Cutaneous metastases from the carcinomas of the liver, uterine cervix and stomach which were many in Korea were smaller in number than that from the carcinomas of the lung and breast. Metastatic lesions were recognized before the primary tumor relatively often in carcinoma of the lung, pancreas and rarely in carcinoma of the uterine cervix, stomach. Though localizations of cutaneous metasta.sis were widespread over all body surfaces, regional areas of primary tumor were predisposed to metastasis. Metastatic carcinoma usually produced nonspecific nodules in the skin. Less commonly, some lesions of metastasis showed inflammatory or sclerotic plaque. The histologic findinga of cutaneous metastases generally mimicked that of primary tumors; nevertheless, in most instances, it was not possible to recognize the original tumor from a histologic examination of metastatic skin cancer and it was possible to classify the metastatic carcinoma only as an adenocarcinoma, a squamous cell carcinoma or an undifferntiated carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pancreas ; Seoul ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Stomach

Recently, many natural medicines, which have advantage of less side effects and possibility of long-term use have been studied for their capacity of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of periodontal tissues. Olibanum has the effects to hemostasis, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, and it also has been traditionally used as a drug for the treatment of bone disease in oriental medicine. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of Olibanum extracts on the activity and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) synthesis, formation of bone nodules and expression of type I collagen of MC3T3-E1 cells. To examine the cellular activity, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with alpha-MEM(control) and each concentration of Olibanum for 2 days and 4 days. To compare the ALP synthesis, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with alpha-MEM(negative control), dexamethasone(positive control), and each concentration of Olibanum for 2 days and 4 days. To compare the bone nodule formation, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured for 21 days, and to compare the type I collagen expression, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured for 4 days. The cellular activity of MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 1 microgram/ml of Olibanum extracts was significantly increased at 4-day(p<0.05) to control. The activity of ALP in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 1 microgram/ml Olibanum extracts was significantly increased at 4-day(p<0.05). All the experimental groups showed much more bone nodule formation than control groups. The group treated with 1 microgram/ml of Olibanum extracts was the highest bone nodule formation, and showed much more type I collagen expression than negative control. These results indicate that Olibanum extracts may be considered effective in the activity and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
Bone Diseases ; Boswellia* ; Collagen Type I ; Hemostasis ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional

The present study was performed to evaluate the clinical effects following local application of 30% minocycline strip(polycaprolactone), 2% minocycline gel(hydro-carbon gel) and 12% minocycline strip(polylactide, Minodent) to augment scaling and root planing in patients with chronic adult periodontitis. Forty teeth with periodontitis were enrolled in the study anddistributed into 4 groups including control group. All patients performed standardized oral hygiene instructions and mechanical debridement at the beginning of the study and then each local delivery drugs were inserted into periodontal pocket in each groups. Examinations regarding plaque index(PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), probing pocket depth (PPD) were carried out at 0, 2, 4 weeks. All experimental groups showed statistically significant differences between baseline and 2 and 4 weeks in every clinical indices. Especially, 30%minocycline strip and Minodent group showed a significant improvement in PBI at 2 weeks and in PPD at 2 and 4 weeks. In conclusion, highly bio-resorbable Minodent delivered subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing induces better clinical effects for periodontal health than 2% minocycline gel and control group.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cell Cycle* ; Humans* ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Stress, Mechanical*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking on adult periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The study population consisted of 40 patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis. Smokers(n=20) were defined as individuals smoking at least twenty cigarettes per day at the time of the initial examination. The non-smoking group(n=20) consisted of individuals who were not smoking at the initial examination. The average age was 42.4 years for the smoking and non-smoking group. Examination regarding plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth and contrast phase microscope were performed. Evaluation were made at the first, the second and the fourth weeks after periodontal non-surgical therapy. The results were as follows: 1. Clinical indices including plaque index, gingival index, and pocket depth were decreased in both smoking and non-smoking group at the first, the second, and the fourth weeks. Especially, clinical indices of non-smokers were more significantly decreased than those of smokers. 2. Non-motile rods were increased and motile rods were reduced at the fourth week. spirochetes were reduced significantly in the non-smoking group at the fourth week. These results suggest that smoking play a minor role in adult periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Adult* ; Chronic Periodontitis* ; Humans ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontitis ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Spirochaetales ; Tobacco Products

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to promote the regeneration of lost periodontal tissue, there have been many attempts to develop a method to achieve this goal, but none of them was completely successful. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Bio-Oss(R) on alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity in human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB1). The results of this study were as follows, in ALP Activity, 100 microgram/ml Bio-Oss(R) treated group showed significantly increased value than negative control group, but positive group(10(-7) M dexamethasone treated group) showed the highest ALP activity at 3 day. In mineralization assay, numerous mineralized nodules were identified as darkly stained spots in 100 microgram/ml Bio-Oss(R) treated group than two control groups, whereas a small number of mineralized nodules were showed in the positive control. ALP may relate to the initial phase of bone nodule formation. On the basis of these results, this study showed Bio-Oss(R) is capable of accelerating new bone formation through hFOB1 differentiation in vitro.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcification, Physiologic* ; Dexamethasone ; Humans* ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteogenesis ; Regeneration

Several growth factors and polypeptides are not commonly yet used for regenerators of bone tissue or alveolar bone because of the insufficiency of studies on their side effects, genetic engineering for mass production and stability for clinical application. Recently, many herbal medicines, which have advantage of less side effects and possibility of long-term use, have been studied for their capacity and effects of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of periodontal tissues. Morindae Radix, Cibotium Barometz (L.), Albizziae Cortex, Cistandhis Herba have been traditionally used as medicines for treatment of bone disease in Eastern medicine. The objective of the present study is to examine the ability of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of human fetal osteoblast (hFOB1) when several natural medicines were supplemented. hFOB1 were cultured with Dulbecuo's Modified Eagle's Medium Nutrient Mixture F-12 HAM ( DMEM/F-12 1:1 Mixture, Sigma, USA) and negative control, dexamethasone (positive control), and each natural medicines for 3 days. And then ALP activity was measured by spectrophotometer for enzyme activity and Alizarin red S staining for morphometry. Among the natural medicines of this study, Morindae Radix, Cibotium Barometz (L.) and Cistanchis Herba induced higher activity of ALP synthesis than negative controls in all experimental group. Albizziae Cortex showed mild increases than negative control group. According to measurement of positively stained area, all of the natural medicines of this study increased compared to negative control. Especially, Cibotium Barometz (L.) and Cistanchis Herba showed statistical significance compared to negative control (p<0.05). These results indicate that Morindae Radix, Cibotium Barometz (L.), Albizziae Cortex, Cistandhis Herba have an inducing ability of ALP synthesis on osteoblast.
Albizzia ; Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Bone and Bones ; Bone Diseases ; Dexamethasone ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Morinda ; Osteoblasts* ; Peptides

The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparative effects of subgingival irrigation using some oral mouth rinses on early healing process of periodontal inflammation. The study population consisted of 13 patients with periodontal inflammation and distributed into 4 groups. Oral hygiene instruction, delicate scaling and root planing were done and then irrigated per 3 days during 2 weeks in situ with 1 of 4 solutions ; normal saline, C31G, Benzotonium chloride and tetracycline. Examination regarding probing pocket depth, plaque index, sulcular bleeding index, gingival index, gingival recession and leukocytes differential count was performed. Evaluation was made at the baseline and 2 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The results were as follows: 1. Clinical indices including probing pocket depth, plaque index, sulcular bleeding index, gingival index and gingival recession were significantly improved from baseline to 2 weeks. But there was no significant differences among 4 groups. 2. PMNs percent on leukocytes differential count was significantly decreased from baseline to 2 weeks on all groups. Those of tetracycline and C31G were significantly decreased than those of normal saline group. These results suggest that clinical indices were not different, but the decrease of inflammation were significantly different among some mouth rinses.
Gingival Recession ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Leukocytes ; Mouth* ; Oral Hygiene ; Periodontal Index ; Root Planing ; Tetracycline