No abstract available.
Mouth Mucosa* ; Salivary Ducts*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human* ; Vaccination*

The purpose of the survey was to identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude. This information will provide useful data for a more systematic, desirable, and practical sex education. The data was collected from 187 first grade schoolchildren(95 boys and 92 girls) of two Junior high school in Chun-nam area. The data was gathered by questionnaire from Oct. 1 to 15, 1996. The questionnaire was modified by authors using the questionnaire developed by You-Jeong, Han(1996). Data was analyzed by using the statistical computer package, SAS to manipulate the data long with percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test, chi2-test, GLM, and Pearson correlation coeffiency. The results in this study were summarized as follows : 1. Sex related knowledge. - The mean score of sex related knowledges showed significant differences between boys and girls(boys ; 22.3, girls ; 21.0, p<0.025), and in the area of pregnancy & delivery(boy ; 9.4, girls ; 7.9, P<0.000) showed significant difference between boys and girls, but in the area of physical differences of the others sex(boys ; 12.9, girls ; 13.1, p<0.551) showed no significant difference between boys and girls. 2. Sex related attitudes. - The mean score of sex related attitudes showed significant difference between boys and girls(boys ; 56.7, girls : 60.5, p<0.002) and in the area of psychological difference the other sex(boys : 28.9, girls : 32.5, p<0.000), but in the areas of form of friendship with the other sex(boys : 11.5, girls : 11.2, p<0.335), sexual delinquency & its prevention(boys : 16.3, girls : 16.9, p<0.171) showed no significant difference between boys and girls. 3. The relationships between sex related knowledges and sex related attitudes. - Those who had higher sex related knowledges showed more positive attitudes towards sex, and showed no statistical significance(r=0.08, p<0.286). 4. Differences of the sex related knowledges according to general characteristics. - The students had disease experience, health interest and more school performance had higher knowledge scores about sex. 5. Differences of the sex related attitudes according to general characteristics. - Those who were in high school performance had higher attitude scores about sex as well.. From the result of the study, it is recommended to develop systematic sex education through formal school education according to age.
Adolescent* ; Education ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Sex Education ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Mixed cryoglobulinemia occurs predominantly in association with chronic liver diseases, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Mixed cryoglobulinemia has been classified as essential if no primary disease is identified. Recently, mixed cryoglobulinemia has been reported in cases of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection in foreign countries, but there have been few reports on the subject In our country. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and clinical features of HCV infection in patients with cryoglobuline mia in Korea. METHODS: Eighty-five patients with detectable serum cryoglobulin were studied between June 1996 and January 1997 at Hanyang university Hospital. Anti-HCV antibodies (Ab) were tested In all patients by particle agglutination method (ASAN HCV. PA Kit) and confirming a positive results, were tested by the microparticle enzyme immunoassay method (IMx, Abbott). Medical records were analyzed retrospectively to compare the clinical features between anti-HCV Ab positive and anti-HCV Ab negative patients. RESULTS: Anti-HCV antibodies were found in 12 out of 85 (about 14%) patients with cryoglobulinemia. Six of these patients were diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis and 4 as osteoarthritis, and 2 as fibromyalgia syndrome. Nine of the 12 patients had no remarkable abnormalities in their liver function test results and there were no statistical differences between anti-HCV _Lb positive and negative groups. There were no meaningful differences between the two groups in immunologic data such as rheumatoid factor, C reactive protein, antinuclear antibody, and antiperinuclear factor. CONCLUSIONS: We found the association of HCV infection and cryglobulin in Korean patients with cryoglobulinemia and recommend routine anti-HCV Ab testing in patients with cryoglobulinemia even if they have normal liver function test results.
Agglutination ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Autoimmune Diseases ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cryoglobulinemia* ; Fibromyalgia ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Function Tests ; Medical Records ; Osteoarthritis ; Prevalence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rheumatoid Factor

No abstract available.
Lakes* ; Lip* ; Nevus, Blue*

No abstract available.
Cryptococcus neoformans* ; Cryptococcus* ; Interleukin-2* ; Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Child* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Ethanol* ; Interleukin-2* ; Interleukin-6* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Neck*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Meperidine* ; Mice* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone*