OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium in the prevention and treatment of Antibiotic associated diarrhea(AAD),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from CBM,CJFD and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials (RCT)of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium(test group)versus placebo(control group)in the prevention and treatment of AAD. After data ex-tract and quality evaluation,systematical evaluation was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistics software. RESULTS:A total of 21 RCT were included,involving 3 881 patients. According to the purpose of different purpose of druguse,the RCT were divided into prevention group and treatment group. Results of Meta-analysis showed the incidence of diarrhea in prevention test group was significantly lower than control group[OR=0.27 ,95% CI(0.22 ,0.32),P<0.001] ,the average hospitalization time in prevention test group was significantly less than control group [MD=-53.19,95%CI(-79.63,-26.75),P<0.001],and the total clinical ef-fective rate in treatment test group was significantly higher than control group[OR=6.76,95%CI(4.16,10.98),P<0.001]. CON-CLUSIONS:The efficacy of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium are good in the prevention and treatment of AAD. However,due to the limit of methodological quality and sample size,it remains to be further verified with more rigorously designed and long-term follow-up of large-scale RCT.

Atherosclerosis ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Humans

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; epidemiology ; Fatty Liver ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between acute mountain sickness ( AMS) and AMS susceptibility indices before ascent to high altitude and to evaluate their predictive value for AMS. Methods A total of 314 healthy male a-dults were voluntarily enrolled. Their 22 physiological and mental indices of AMS susceptibility were obtained before exposure high altitude. The diagnoses of AMS were based on the Lake Louise score ( LLS) ,an international standard scoring system for AMS. According to the char-acteristics of selected AMS susceptibility indices and the strong fault tolerance of neural network theory, the learning vector quantization ( LVQ) neural network method was adopted to build the prediction model of susceptibility to AMS. Results The results showed the sensitiv-ity of the LVQ model which distinguishes subjects with no-AMS reached 95. 00%,the average correct-prediction precision ultimately reached 72. 22%. The result of prediction is believable. Conclusion The builded LVQ model provide a scientific method for screening crowd who quickly ascend to high altitude,and also can lead to an effective preliminary screening of susceptibility to AMS.

Objective To investigate the exposure level of VOCs in different population and the health effects. Methods In 2005, a questionnaire survey relating to inhalation exposure assessment of VOCs and housing decoration characteristics was carried out in 200 newly decorated apartments (628 residents), 30 house decoration workers and 20 painting workers of an automobile manufacture factory. Indoor concentrations of formaldehyde, BTEX-compounds and TVOC were measured in typical apartments, offices, houses in where the decoration workers were operating, the painting workshops, and public indoor environments. Average daily exposure doses and potential doses for common people at home (non-occupational exposure group) and workers in occupational environments (occupational exposure group) to formaldehyde and BTEX-compounds and TVOC were estimated by combining the survey results with monitoring data. Results The percentages of whom having different discomfortable symptoms in the workers in the painting workshop were higher than that in common people (P

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the procedure that involves drilling and inserting a motility peg at the time of hydroxyapatite orbital implant.Methods 89 patients who needed hydroxyapatite orbital implant were divided into groups A and B.The patients in group A were drilled and inserted a motility titanium peg when hydroxyapatite implantation.The patients in group B were drilled and inserted a motility titanium peg 6 months after hydroxyapatite implantation.Data were recorded.including the rate of postoperative pain and conjunctive edema,postoperative facial appearance,motility of the artifieial eye,the rate of hydroxyapatite exposure,excursion and extrusion of titanium peg and other complications.Results The mobility of the prosthesis was 44.97%in group A,and 45.34%in group B.There was no difference in appearance and the motility of their artificial eye between the two groups.The rate of excursion of titanium peg was 4.2% in group A and 7.3%in group B and no statistical difference was found between the two groups.There were no prosthesis exposure,extrusion of titanium peg,secondary infeetion and other complication in one-year follow-up.There were no difference in the rate of postoperative pain and eonjunctive edema in first operative stage.The postoperative reaction in group A was lighter than that in group B in secondary operanve stage.Conclusion The hydroxyapatite orbital implant primary procedure drilling is simple,safe,convenient and effective.It is worth to recommend that procedure that involves drilling and inserting a motility peg at the time of hydroxyapatite orbitaI primary implant.

Objective To evaluate the application of the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) artificial eye in acquired ophthalmostewesis. Methods We summarized the experience in the application of PMMA in prosthesis for 8 years. 1155 patients were involved in the artificial eye custom-made program. The artificial eye was individually prepared based on the patient's condition and characters of the healthy eye.Results PMMA artificial eye associated with hydroxyl apatite implantation gave good cosmetic results with good motility, and there was no rejective reaction. The artificial eye was almost same to the real one in color and transparency. Conclusion It is suggested that PMMA is one of the best materials for manufacture of artificial eye at present.

BACKGROUND:Many studies have demonstrated that FirebirdTM and Taxus Express2TM can effectively reduce intrastent restenosis.However,there are few data about long-term efficacy of two stents,and reports about middle and long-term follow up are rare.OBJECTIVE:To observe the safety and biocompatibility of FirebirdTM and Taxus Express2TM in percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) for coronary artery disease.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Non-randomized concurrent control clinical observation was performed at Department of Cardiology,Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College from April 2005 to April 2008.PARTICIPANTS:233 patients(268 lesions) undergoing PCI were divided into FirebirdTM(n =82),Taxus Express2TM group(n =80) and bare metal stent group(n =71).METHODS:Coronary arteriography was performed through femoral artery or radial artery.Vascular inner diameter was determined using quantitative computer analysis.The patients underwent FirebirdTM,Taxus Express2TM and bare metal stenting,respectively.The patients were reexamined and followed-up using telephone every 2-4 weeks after discharging and examined using coronary arteriongraphy after 9-12 months.The follow-up lasted for 24 months.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Characteristics of arteriongraphy and stenting condition of all patients;biocompatibility of stent to host;major adverse cardiac events during hospitalization and follow-up,including death,angina pectoris attacks or heart failure;coronary artery diameter decreased ≥ 50% was regarded as restenosis.RESULTS:101 stents were implanted in Firebird group,98 in Taxus Express2 group and 85 in bare metal stent group.There was no stent defluxion,dislocation,or breakage.No noticeable platelet decrease,hemolysis or white blood cell increase was found.There were no significant differences among three groups in terms of Characteristics of arteriongraphy and stenting condition.The incidence of major adverse cardiac events and intravascular restenosis in Firebird and Taxus Express2 groups was fewer than bare metal stent group(P 0.05).CONCLUSION:No specific biocompatibility responses in treatment of coronary artery diseases using FirebirdTM and Taxus Express2TM.The two drug-eluting stents are superior over bare metal stent in reducing restenosis.The safety and efficacy of two drug-eluting stents are similar.

Comprehensive and designed experiment is beneficial to improving and developing students' comprehensive quality and innovation ability.In the last two years,we have carried out the comprehensive and designed experiment of physiology among the seven-year program students,which combine book knowledge and clinics.It has proved that this teaching mode can not only help students master the knowledge systematically but also lay a good foundation for them to analyze the clinical problems.

Objective To investigate the association between carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and composition of the ascending aorta in patients with coronary heart disease (CAD),Methods The study population comprised 60 consecutive CAD patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University.cfPWV vas measured using an automatic device (Complior,Artech,France).A quantitative study was conducted on ascending aorta specimens by histological observation (Masson staining and weigert's resorcin-fuchsin staining) and computer image analysis.Bivariate analyses were performed to study the association between composition of the ascending aortic media and cfPWV.Results cfPWV of the CAD patients was higher (14.2±2.0) m/s than that of the normal subjects.On Masson's-stained specimen slides,disorganization of smooth muscle and focal accumulations of collagen (44.1 ± 3.9)％ were visible alongthe medial aorta of the CAD patients.Weigert's-stained cross sections of the ascending aortic media in CAD patients frequently exhibited focal breakdown or discontinuous segments of elastic fibers(18.4±3.2)％,cfPWV had a positive correlation with relative contents of collagen in the ascending aorta(r=0.68,P＜0.01)and a negative correlation vith relative contents of elastin in the ascending aorta (r=-0.59,P＜0.01),but no relation with relative contents of smooth muscle(r=0.01,P＞0.05).Conclusions The reduced aortic elasticity in CAD patients can be partly ascribed to decreased elastin,increased collagen,and their disorganization.cfPWV can reflect the quantitative changes of collagen and elastin in the ascending aortic media in CAD patients.