We report a mild variant of hypomelia-hypotrichosis-facial hemangioma syndrome in a 3 month-old female. The patient showed major features of the previously reported cases including flexion deformities of both upper extremities, sparse light colored hair, mid-facial hemangioma and a characteristic facial appearance. Roentgenogram showed radio-humeral synostosis at both elbow joints by which shortening of upper limbs could be anticipated. However, intra- and extrauterine growth retardation were not remarkable and the lower limbs were not affected.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow Joint ; Female ; Hair ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Hypotrichosis ; Lower Extremity ; Synostosis ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Urinary Bladder*

Paraquat (1, 1'-dimethy-14, 4' dipyridium chloride: Gramoxon(r)) was first discovered in England in 1955. It has been widely distributed for use in Korea since 1970 as a pesticide and also often the cause of accidental intoxications. The authors would like to report the following case of paraquat intoxicatio in a 13 year old female child admitted via emergency room with complaints of epigastric pain, vomiting and hematuria of four days duration. On admission the data of laboratory evaluation were as follows: BUN/Cr 126/11.6 mg/dl; sGOT/sGPT 641/641 IU/L; total bilirubin/direct bilirubin 3.9/2.4 mg/dl; alkaline phosphatase 396.1 U/L; fecal occult blood test-positive; pH 7.428, pCO2 26.2 mmHg, pO2 131.4 mmHg, base excess -5.0 mmol/L on arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA). Gastroendoscopy revealed esophageal ulcers, and as symptoms of renal failure could not be relieved by hemodialysis, kidney biopsy was performed on the otherwise previously healthy child to establish the cause of renal failure. The result of biopsy revealed tubular necrosis with eosinophilic infiltrations. A more detailed retrograde probe of the child's past medical history evoked that the patient had ingested paraquat in a suicidal attempt. Supportive therapy and hemodialysis were continued thereafter, but the symptoms of renal failure could not be reversed, and the patient eventually died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Adolescent ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bilirubin ; Biopsy ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Child ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; England ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kidney ; Korea ; Necrosis* ; Occult Blood ; Paraquat* ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Ulcer ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: T. vaginalis is a pathogenic protozoa infecting genitourinary tract. Metronidazole is a drug of choice to treat T. vaginalis infection. However, because of appearance of metronidazole- resistant T. vaginalis, it is needed to develop an alternative drug. So, we evaluated the effects of various concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A against T. vaginalis. METHODS: The antiprotozoal effect of kalopanaxsaponin A on the growth and fine structure of T. vaginalis was examined by using trypan blue exclusion assay and electron microscopy. RESULTS: The viability test showed markedly decreased number of T. vaginalis, treated with increasing concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A. We evaluated the electron microscopic findings for antiprotozoan effects against T. vaginalis. SEM showed that in T. vaginalis treated with 4 microgram/mL for 1 hour, axostyle was shrinked and flagella began to disappear. With gradual increase of the concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A, destruction of cell membrane was getting more severe, and degenerative change was observed in T. vaginalis treated with 8 microgram/mL for 2 hours. TEM showed that in T. vaginalis treated with 4 microgram/mL for 2 hours, the vacuoles in cytoplasm were larger and hydrogenosomes were smaller than those in control group. The number of vacuole was increased, the nucleus was destroyed, the number of polyribosome and free ribosome was also decreased in trichomonads treated with kalopanaxsaponin A (8 microgram/mL), which indicated the occurrence of degenerative changes. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that kalopanaxsaponin A had the antiprotozoal effect on T. vaginalis by inhibition of cell multiplication as well as an impairment of protein synthesis.
Cell Membrane ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytoplasm ; Flagella ; Metronidazole ; Microscopy, Electron ; Polyribosomes ; Ribosomes ; Trichomonas vaginalis* ; Trichomonas* ; Trypan Blue ; Vacuoles

BACKGROUND: T. vaginalis is a pathogenic protozoa infecting genitourinary tract. Metronidazole is a drug of choice to treat T. vaginalis infection. However, because of appearance of metronidazole- resistant T. vaginalis, it is needed to develop an alternative drug. So, we evaluated the effects of various concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A against T. vaginalis. METHODS: The antiprotozoal effect of kalopanaxsaponin A on the growth and fine structure of T. vaginalis was examined by using trypan blue exclusion assay and electron microscopy. RESULTS: The viability test showed markedly decreased number of T. vaginalis, treated with increasing concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A. We evaluated the electron microscopic findings for antiprotozoan effects against T. vaginalis. SEM showed that in T. vaginalis treated with 4 microgram/mL for 1 hour, axostyle was shrinked and flagella began to disappear. With gradual increase of the concentration of kalopanaxsaponin A, destruction of cell membrane was getting more severe, and degenerative change was observed in T. vaginalis treated with 8 microgram/mL for 2 hours. TEM showed that in T. vaginalis treated with 4 microgram/mL for 2 hours, the vacuoles in cytoplasm were larger and hydrogenosomes were smaller than those in control group. The number of vacuole was increased, the nucleus was destroyed, the number of polyribosome and free ribosome was also decreased in trichomonads treated with kalopanaxsaponin A (8 microgram/mL), which indicated the occurrence of degenerative changes. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that kalopanaxsaponin A had the antiprotozoal effect on T. vaginalis by inhibition of cell multiplication as well as an impairment of protein synthesis.
Cell Membrane ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytoplasm ; Flagella ; Metronidazole ; Microscopy, Electron ; Polyribosomes ; Ribosomes ; Trichomonas vaginalis* ; Trichomonas* ; Trypan Blue ; Vacuoles

No abstract available.
Humans ; Paraquat* ; Poisoning*

No abstract available.
Allergens* ; Hypersensitivity* ; Lymphocyte Activation* ; Lymphocytes* ; Mitogens* ; T-Lymphocytes*

PURPOSE: Prolonged urinary incontinence is one of the greatest concerns for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. One of the possible causes for this urinary incontinence is a postoperative deficiency of the external striated urethral sphincter (EUS) complex and continence nerves. We evaluated the effect of posterior urethral reconstruction (PUR) in the early recovery of urinary continence after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and March 2009 we performed robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy with PUR in 30 patients (PUR group) and without PUR in 30 patients (non-PUR group). We compared perioperative parameters and postoperative continence rates between the two groups. Continence was defined as no pads or one diaper per 24 hours and was assessed 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the procedure. RESULTS: Patients in the PUR group achieved better continence rates at 1 month (43% vs. 35%) and 3 months of follow-up (89% vs. 64%). At 6 months of follow-up, the continence rate was similar between the two groups (96% vs. 90%). No major complications were observed in the PUR group. However, 2 cases of anastomotic site leakage and 1 case of delayed bleeding were observed in the non-PUR group. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior urethral reconstruction appears to be an easy and reproducible technique in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Our early experience demonstrates that PUR in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy appears to confer early continence recovery and reduce intraoperative complications.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Prostatectomy ; Robotics ; Urethra ; Urinary Incontinence

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Mitral annulus velocity measured by doppler tissue imaging (DTI) has been used as a method of evaluation of the left ventricular diastolic function. This study was aimed to evaluate the left ventricular diastolic function using the mitral annulus velocity measured by DTI in the patients with hypertension. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: One hundered twenty nine patients with blood pressure above 140/90mmHg and age sex matched 123 normotensive subjects were studied. For measuring the mitral annulus velocities by DTI, we used the 2.5 MHz probe (Sequoia, Accuson) in apical four chamber view with the sample volume at the septal portion of the mitral annulus. RESULTS: Mitral annular velocities were easily obtained from all subjects. In the hypertension group, mitral annulus E'velocity was significantly lower than normotensive controls (5.4 1.3 cm/sec vs 6.5 1.8 cm/sec, p<0.001) and mitral annulus A' velocity was significantly higher than normotensive controls (8.6 1.4 cm/sec vs 7.9 1.1 cm/sec, p<0.001). In comparison with patients with normal LVML(IV mass index in hypertension group and subjects with normal LVMI in normotensive controls, mitral annulus E'velocity was reduced in patients with normal LVMI in hypertension group compared with subjects with normal LVMI in normotensive controls (5.6 1.4 cm/sec vs 6.7 1.8 cm/sec, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Mitral annulus velocity measured by DTI could be used as one of the parameters in evaluating the early changes of left ventricular diastolic function in the patient with hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension*