Channels formed by the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of proteins have a variety of physiological functions. In the present study, we examined the localization of canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) in rat cerebellum. Twelve adult (4~6 month old) Sprague-Dawley rats were examined in this study. We performed immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against TRPCs to investigate the detailed and comparative distribution of six TRPCs in rat cerebellum. There was a high density of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 and TRPC7, with a much lower density of TRPC6 in the rat cerebellar cortex. The somatodendritic Purkinje cell areas were intensely stained with antiTRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC7 antibodies, whereas the staining intensity of TRPC6 was relatively low in the Purkinje cell bodies. In the cerebellar nuclei, the cell bodies of cerebellar output neurons showed moderate TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC5 and TRPC7 immunoreactivities, while TRPC6 immunoreactivity was observed in the surrounding neuropil. This study showing the differential localizations of TRPC channels in the cerebellum may provide useful data for the future investigations on the structural and functional properties of TRPCs.
Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Cerebellar Cortex ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Cerebellum ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Neuropil ; Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels

A static, unilateral, and focal bone depression located lingually within the ascending ramus, identical to the Stafne's bone cavity of the angle of the mandible, is being reported. During development of the mandible, submandibular gland inclusion may lead to the formation of a lingual concavity, which could contain fatty tissue, blood vessels, or soft tissue. However, similar occurrences in the ascending ramus at the level of the parotid gland are extremely rare. Similar cases were previously reported in dry, excavated mandibles, and 3 cases were reported in living patients. A 52-year-old African American male patient was seen for pain in the mandibular teeth. Panoramic radiography showed an unusual concavity within the left ascending ramus. Cone-beam computed tomography confirmed this incidental finding. The patient was cleared for the extraction of non-restorable teeth and scheduled for annual follow-up.
Adipose Tissue ; Blood Vessels ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Depression* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Male ; Mandible ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Salivary Glands* ; Submandibular Gland ; Tooth

We report a case of Hunter syndrome in a 4 year old boy, who presented with firm skin colored papules and nodules that coalesce to form a reticular pattern (pebbling of the skin) with extensive Mongolian spots. The lesions are arranged bilaterally and symmetrically over the scapulae, upper arm and lateral aspects of the thighs. He also has low intelligence, coarse face, saddle nose and claw hand contracture of both hands. The result of qualitative analysis of urine was positive for dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. And enzyme activity of iduronate-2-sulfatase is decreased in plasma and leukocyte. A skin biopsy specimen section stained with hematoxylin-eosin showed widely separated collagen bundles in the dermis associated with mucin deposition.
Animals ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Contracture ; Dermatan Sulfate ; Dermis ; Hand ; Heparitin Sulfate ; Hoof and Claw ; Intelligence ; Leukocytes ; Mongolian Spot ; Mucins ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II ; Nose ; Plasma ; Scapula ; Skin ; Thigh

Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of benign reactive T- or B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin that resembles cutaneous lymphoma both clinically and histologically. Although most pseudolymphomas develop from unknown causes, various stimuli can induce pseudolymphomas. Pseudolymphomas have developed followed medications, infections, insect bites, ear piercing, and gold. To date, no case of pseudolymphoma developing after gold acupuncture has been reported in the Korean dermatologic literature. We report a case of a 49-year-old female who presented with multiple skin-colored papules on the left lower eyelid that showed features of a pseudolymphoma based on histopathologic assessment.
Acupuncture ; B-Lymphocytes ; Body Piercing ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Lymphoma ; Middle Aged ; Pseudolymphoma ; Skin

Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini is a form of dermal atrophy that manifests as either single or multiple, sharply demarcated, hyperpigmented, non-indurated patches. These patches are marked by a slight depression of the skin, with an abrupt edge (i.e., the "cliff-drop" borders), usually located on the backs of adolescents or young adults. The pathophysiology of the disease is unknown, but some authors have suggested a role of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. A 35-year-old woman visited our department because of asymptomatic, hypopigmented, depressed patches on her chest and back lasting for three months. Laboratory evaluations were normal, except for positive serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. Histologic examination revealed a significantly decreased thickness of the dermis. The patient underwent treatment with oral doxycycline 200 mg/day for six weeks, after which the depth of depression was improved. Herein, we report a case of atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection, successfully treated with oral doxycycline.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies ; Atrophy ; Borrelia ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Depression ; Dermis ; Doxycycline ; Female ; Humans ; Skin ; Thorax ; Young Adult

Membranous lipodystrophy is characterized by the presence of microcysts lined by amorphous, eosinophilic material with an arabesque appearance. We experienced a case of a 72-year-old man who had dark brownish, pruritic papules on the arms, legs, and back. Histopathologic examination of a biopsied lesion showed homogeneous, eosinophilic material in the papillary dermis, as well as membranous lipodystrophy. We report a case of membranous lipodystrophy observed in lichen amyloidosis.
Aged ; Amyloidosis ; Arm ; Dermis ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Leg ; Lichens ; Lipodystrophy

In the present study, we performed immunohistochemical studies to investigate the detailed distribution of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in the central nervous system of adult rats. Twelve adult (4~6 month old) Sprague-Dawley rats were examined in this study. Immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against IGFBP7 was performed in accordance with the free-floating method. In the present study, IGFBP7 immunoreactivity was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, brainstem, cerebellum and spinal cord. In the cerebral cortex, heavily stained neurons were seen in layers II-VI. In the hippocampus, pyramidal cells in CA1-3 region were strongly immunoreactive for IGFBP7. Strong immunoreactive neurons were also found in the supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, periaqueductal gray and oculomotor nucleus. In the cerebellum, IGFBP7 immunoreactivity was prominent in the Purkinje cells and cerebellar output neurons. IGFBP7-immunoreactive neurons were prominent in the superior vestibular nucleus, cochlear nucleus, trigeminal motor nucleus, nucleus of the trapezoid, and facial nucleus. IGFBP7-immunoreactive neurons were also observed mainly in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. The first demonstration of IGFBP7 localization in the whole brain may provide useful data for the future investigations on the structural and functional properties of IGFBP7.
Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Carrier Proteins ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebellum ; Cerebral Cortex ; Cochlear Nucleus ; Hippocampus ; Horns ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Periaqueductal Gray ; Purkinje Cells ; Pyramidal Cells ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord ; Supraoptic Nucleus ; Trigeminal Nuclei

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the subjective level of health-related quality of life of Korean healthcare workers using various quality-of-life instruments. Methods: This study included 992 participants, who were doctors and nurses. A survey was conducted between November 28 and December 4, 2019. Data from 954 participants divided into 3 groups (physicians, residents, and nurses) were analyzed. Four measurement tools (29 questions) were used in the survey to evaluate subjective health status and well-being. Results: In the Mayo Well-being Index, burnout during work (88.5%) and emotional difficulties caused by work (84.0%) were frequently cited by the respondents. Regarding questions on burnout and emotional difficulties, residents and nurses had the highest scores (91.0 and 89.6%, respectively). Emotional problems, such as anxiety, depression, and irritability, accounted for a high percentage (73.1%) of the total, while 82.2% of respondents reported that their work schedules interfered with their leisure and family time. There was no significant difference among the groups in subjective health status. However, 10.1% of the residents experienced very low quality of life, which was a higher proportion than that of physicians (2.7%) and nurses (5.2%). Conclusions The level of well-being that Korean medical workers experienced in relation to work was lower than the results of the United States healthcare workers surveyed using the same tool. This study was unique in that it conducted a subjective quality-of-life survey on Korean healthcare workers.

Background: To evaluate the health status of healthcare workers (doctors and nurses) compared to those in the general population based on the National Health Insurance Service database and the cause of death data from Statistics Korea. Methods: The subjects of this study were 104,484 doctors and 220,310 nurses working in healthcare facilities from 2002 to 2017, and who had undergone at least one general medical examination. Based on the subject definition, the subject data were extracted from the National Health Insurance healthcare facility database and qualification database. We collected medical use details included in the research database, general medical examination results, medical history included in the health examination database, and additional data on the cause of death from the National Statistics database to analyze the main cause of death and mortality. Results: In terms of the major causes of death and mortality among healthcare workers, the mortality rate associated with intentional self-harm, injury, transportation accident, heart disease, addiction, and falling was significantly higher than that in the general population. Further, the prevalence of respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases was high. When analyzing the proportional mortality ratio (PMR) by cause of death for healthcare workers, the PMR values for death related to malignant neoplasm was the highest. In terms of diseases, both doctors and nurses had higher rates of infectious diseases such as maternal sepsis, rubella, and measles. Conclusion The health status of healthcare workers differs from that of the general population. Thus, it is important to consider the occupational characteristics of healthcare personnel. This study is unique in that it was conducted based on medical use indicators rather than survey data.