BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) is endogenously expressed in skeletal muscle and is involved in myogenesis; however, there is a lack of evidence about whether the expression of the umami taste receptor is involved in muscular diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the umami taste receptor and its mechanism on muscle wasting in cancer cachexia using in vivo and in vitro models.MATERIALS/METHODS: The Lewis lung carcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model was used in vivo and in vitro, and the expressions of umami taste receptor and muscle atrophy-related markers, muscle atrophy F-box protein, and muscle RING-finger protein-1 were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that TAS1R1 was significantly downregulated in vivo and in vitro under the muscle wasting condition. Moreover, overexpression of TAS1R1 in vitro in the human primary cell model protected the cells from muscle atrophy, and knockdown of TAS1R1 using siRNA exacerbated muscle atrophy. CONCLUSION Taken together, the umami taste receptor exerts protective effects on muscle-wasting conditions by restoring dysregulated muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. In conclusion, this result provided evidence that the umami taste receptor exerts a therapeutic anti-cancer cachexia effect by restoring muscle atrophy.

Objectives: To investigate the etiologies of sleep disorders according to sex. Methods: We enrolled 1,270 patients who complained of insomnia (n=328) or sleep apnea (n=942) for more than 6 months and classified them into primary insomnia (PI, n=120), comorbid obstructive sleep apnea with insomnia (COMISA, n=146), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA, n=884) groups based on their polysomnography (PSG) findings, demographics, sleep-related symptoms, and questionnaire results (Insomnia Severity Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Results: The highest prevalence of females was observed in PI (71.7%), and the lowest in the OSA group (15.6%). Males were more prevalent than females in the COMISA group (58.2% vs. 41.8%). Regarding the etiology of insomnia, half of the male patients with complaints of insomnia had OSA, while only one-third of the females had OSA. Thirteen percent of female who complained of OSA-related symptoms were diagnosed as normal. There were few differences in PSG data between female and male patients in the PI and COMISA groups. Females with OSA showed longer total sleep time than males with OSA in PSG. The self-reported questionnaire responses of patients in the COMISA and PI groups were similar, and PSG data of patients in the COMISA and OSA groups were comparable regardless of sex. Conclusions Females and males have different sleep perceptions and sleep-related complaints. Thus, PSG must be carried out to clarify the etiology of sleep disorders and ensure appropriate treatment is provided.

Objectives: To investigate the etiologies of sleep disorders according to sex. Methods: We enrolled 1,270 patients who complained of insomnia (n=328) or sleep apnea (n=942) for more than 6 months and classified them into primary insomnia (PI, n=120), comorbid obstructive sleep apnea with insomnia (COMISA, n=146), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA, n=884) groups based on their polysomnography (PSG) findings, demographics, sleep-related symptoms, and questionnaire results (Insomnia Severity Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Results: The highest prevalence of females was observed in PI (71.7%), and the lowest in the OSA group (15.6%). Males were more prevalent than females in the COMISA group (58.2% vs. 41.8%). Regarding the etiology of insomnia, half of the male patients with complaints of insomnia had OSA, while only one-third of the females had OSA. Thirteen percent of female who complained of OSA-related symptoms were diagnosed as normal. There were few differences in PSG data between female and male patients in the PI and COMISA groups. Females with OSA showed longer total sleep time than males with OSA in PSG. The self-reported questionnaire responses of patients in the COMISA and PI groups were similar, and PSG data of patients in the COMISA and OSA groups were comparable regardless of sex. Conclusions Females and males have different sleep perceptions and sleep-related complaints. Thus, PSG must be carried out to clarify the etiology of sleep disorders and ensure appropriate treatment is provided.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) is endogenously expressed in skeletal muscle and is involved in myogenesis; however, there is a lack of evidence about whether the expression of the umami taste receptor is involved in muscular diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the umami taste receptor and its mechanism on muscle wasting in cancer cachexia using in vivo and in vitro models.MATERIALS/METHODS: The Lewis lung carcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model was used in vivo and in vitro, and the expressions of umami taste receptor and muscle atrophy-related markers, muscle atrophy F-box protein, and muscle RING-finger protein-1 were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that TAS1R1 was significantly downregulated in vivo and in vitro under the muscle wasting condition. Moreover, overexpression of TAS1R1 in vitro in the human primary cell model protected the cells from muscle atrophy, and knockdown of TAS1R1 using siRNA exacerbated muscle atrophy. CONCLUSION Taken together, the umami taste receptor exerts protective effects on muscle-wasting conditions by restoring dysregulated muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. In conclusion, this result provided evidence that the umami taste receptor exerts a therapeutic anti-cancer cachexia effect by restoring muscle atrophy.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) is endogenously expressed in skeletal muscle and is involved in myogenesis; however, there is a lack of evidence about whether the expression of the umami taste receptor is involved in muscular diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the umami taste receptor and its mechanism on muscle wasting in cancer cachexia using in vivo and in vitro models.MATERIALS/METHODS: The Lewis lung carcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model was used in vivo and in vitro, and the expressions of umami taste receptor and muscle atrophy-related markers, muscle atrophy F-box protein, and muscle RING-finger protein-1 were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that TAS1R1 was significantly downregulated in vivo and in vitro under the muscle wasting condition. Moreover, overexpression of TAS1R1 in vitro in the human primary cell model protected the cells from muscle atrophy, and knockdown of TAS1R1 using siRNA exacerbated muscle atrophy. CONCLUSION Taken together, the umami taste receptor exerts protective effects on muscle-wasting conditions by restoring dysregulated muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. In conclusion, this result provided evidence that the umami taste receptor exerts a therapeutic anti-cancer cachexia effect by restoring muscle atrophy.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) is endogenously expressed in skeletal muscle and is involved in myogenesis; however, there is a lack of evidence about whether the expression of the umami taste receptor is involved in muscular diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the umami taste receptor and its mechanism on muscle wasting in cancer cachexia using in vivo and in vitro models.MATERIALS/METHODS: The Lewis lung carcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model was used in vivo and in vitro, and the expressions of umami taste receptor and muscle atrophy-related markers, muscle atrophy F-box protein, and muscle RING-finger protein-1 were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that TAS1R1 was significantly downregulated in vivo and in vitro under the muscle wasting condition. Moreover, overexpression of TAS1R1 in vitro in the human primary cell model protected the cells from muscle atrophy, and knockdown of TAS1R1 using siRNA exacerbated muscle atrophy. CONCLUSION Taken together, the umami taste receptor exerts protective effects on muscle-wasting conditions by restoring dysregulated muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. In conclusion, this result provided evidence that the umami taste receptor exerts a therapeutic anti-cancer cachexia effect by restoring muscle atrophy.