No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Interleukin-4* ; Mice*

The AIDS is a serious health problem worldwide today and also in Korea. Increasing knowledge and modification of behavior by health education is an important goal of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) prevention strategies. And school health education is an important part of health education. This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitude about AIDS in teachers and professors in Taegu City and to provide the basic data for school health education. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 1,124 teachers and professors from April to June 1992. Indeed, the majority of the teachers and professors have a lot of knowledges about AIDS, but many of them also have misconceptions. The level of knowledge about AIDS was positively associated with attitude toward infected students. The sources of knowledge about AIDS were mainly TV, newspapers and magazines, but a few of the subjects obtained their knowledge from health education programs. This study suggest., that the reinforcement of health education for the teachers, professors and students be needed to provide the accurate knowledge on AIDS and adequate knowledge sources and materials for school health education on AIDS should be developed.
Daegu* ; Education ; Health Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Periodicals ; Periodicals as Topic ; School Health Services

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Humans ; Receptors, Estrogen* ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

Respiratory distress is not uncommon in children and adolescents, who are at higher risk of progressing into respiratory failure than adults. When managing dyspneic pediatric patients, a clinical history and physical examination should be performed simultaneously and must be followed up by prompt first aid, including oxygen supplementation. Prior to initiating an invasive therapy such as endotracheal intubation, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation should first be considered. This method may be effective in patients with chronic respiratory distress and failure. The prevention and proper management of respiratory infections are also important in affected patients. If chronic respiratory distress deteriorates into respiratory failure, a portable home mechanical ventilator may be needed.
Adolescent* ; Adult ; Child* ; First Aid ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Oxygen ; Physical Examination ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Over 60 different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) have been identified, and they are classified into high and low risk groups based on the risk for malignant progression of HPV associated lesions. HPVs belonging to a high risk group have been shown to express two major transforming proteins, E6 and E7. With respect to the transforming activity of these proteins, many investigators have reported the location of these proteins in the cell, but their results are still controversial. In the present study, HPV type 16 E6 or E7 open reading frame (ORF) proteins were expressed and localized in human epidermal keratinocytes (RHEK-1) using the vaccinia virus as an expression vector. Immunofluorescence detection using monoclonal antibodies against E6 or E7 ORF proteins revealed that E6 or E7 proteins of HPV type 16 were located in the cytoplasm of RHEK-1 cells. These results suggest that E6 and E7 proteins bind to the tumor suppressor counterparts, thereby preventing transport of these proteins into the nucleus. These antioncogene products that fail to be rapidly transported out of the cytosol may be degraded by certain proteases such as the ubiquitin dependent system. In this way, the precise function of antioncogene products in the regulation of cell growth could be destroyed, and abnormal cell growth could occur.
Animal ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Haplorhini ; Human ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/*biosynthesis ; Open Reading Frames/*physiology ; Papillomavirus, Human/*chemistry ; Plaque Assay ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Vaccinia virus/genetics

Background: The Advanced RBC Application of the CellaVision DM9600 system (CellaVision AB, Lund, Sweden) automatically characterizes and classifies red blood cells (RBCs) into 21 morphological categories based on their size, color, shape, and inclusions. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the CellaVision Advanced RBC Application with respect to the classification and grading of RBC morphological abnormalities in accordance with the 2015 International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) guidelines. Methods: A total of 223 samples, including 123 with RBC morphological abnormalities and 100 from healthy controls, were included. Seven RBC morphological abnormalities and their grading obtained with CellaVision DM9600 pre- and post-classification were compared with the results obtained using manual microscopic examination. The grading cut-off percentages were determined in accordance with the 2015 ICSH guidelines. The sensitivity and specificity of the CellaVision DM9600 system were evaluated using the manual microscopic examination results as a true positive. Results: In pre-classification, > 90% sensitivity was observed for target cells, tear drop cells, and schistocytes, while > 90% specificity was observed for acanthocytes, spherocytes, target cells, and tear drop cells. In post-classification, the detection sensitivity and specificity of most RBC morphological abnormalities increased, except for schistocytes (sensitivity) and acanthocytes (specificity). The grade agreement rates ranged from 35.9% (echinocytes) to 89.7% (spherocytes) in pre-classification and from 46.2% (echinocytes) to 90.1% (spherocytes) in post-classification. The agreement rate of samples with withinone grade difference exceeded 90% in most categories, except for schistocytes and echinocytes. Conclusions The Advanced RBC Application of CellaVision DM9600 is a valuable screening tool for detecting RBC morphological abnormalities.

The purpose of this study was to assess the morbidity pattern of urban residents in the poor area by health screening for the community diagnosis. The items of health screening were history taking and physical examination by medical doctor and hearing test, check blood pressure, test for hematocrit, liver function (sGOT, sGPT), urine sugar and protein, and chest X-ray. The examinee in health screening were 437 persons and they occupied 16.9% of total residents in the poor area. Male examinee were 129 persons (9.9% of total residents) and female examinee were 308 persons (23.9% of total residents). Age group of above sixty years old, 42.0% of total residents in the poor area were participated, but only 5.9% were participated in age group of 10 to 19 years old. Among the 437 examinee, 191 persons (43.7%) had one or more abnormal findings in health screening. In male 38.7% had abnormal findings, and somewhat lower than that of female (45.8%). Age group of above sixty years had most high rate of abnormal findings (69.8%), in contrast to age group of 10 to 19 years old (10.9%). Diseases of the digestive system was the most common and which occupies 23.7% of total abnormal findings. And diseases of the circulatory system occupied 19.7%. Low hematocrit (14.6% of total participants of 437 persons) occupies the most common abnormal findings for screening test (hematocrit, blood pressure, hearing test, sGOT/sGPT, urine protein and urine sugar, chest X-ray) and high blood pressure (10.1%) occupied second, third; hearing impairment (5.5%), fourth; abnormal liver function (4.1%), fifth; sugar in urine (2.3%), sixth; protein in urine (1.4%) and lastly abnormal chest X-ray (0.9%). The positive rate of abnormal findings in health screening was very high compared with morbidity rate by health interview. It is supposed that some portion of this high rate is by selection bias in examinee in health screening specially high participating rate in older age, and the other portion is due to the low socioeconomic status and bad environment of the residents of the poor area. These findings will be good information for the research and development of health care system in the urban poor area.
Blood Pressure ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Digestive System ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Tests ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Liver ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Physical Examination ; Selection Bias ; Social Class ; Thorax

Both CT scan and MRI were taken on 200 randomly chosen patients of degenerative lumbar spine diseases for the double blind comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of these studies. While osseous changes such as canal stenosis, lateral recess stenosis and facet hypertrophy were graded more severe on CT scan than on MRI, facet joint laxity was graded more severe on MRI than on CT scan. MRI could not detect 44% of ligament ossifications and 45.3% of vertebral osteoplytes which were diagnosed on CT scan. MRI gave more valuable information about the direction of the disc herniation than CT scan.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spine* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed* ; Zygapophyseal Joint

The authors measured the translation and the angulation on dynamic lumber radiography to get Korean standard data in 53 normal Korean male aged 25 to 30 without any back problem. Mean angulations on L2/3, L3/4, L4/5 and L5/S1 interspace were -2.6 degrees, -3.3 degrees, -3.4 degrees and 2.6 degrees on flexion and 11.6 degrees, 12.2 degrees, 14.2 degrees and 19.6 degrees on extension, respectively. Mean sums of angulations on flexion and extension on L2/3, L3/4, L4/5 and L5/S1 interspace were 14.1 degrees, 5.5 degrees, 17.6 degrees and 16.9 degrees, respectively. Mean translations, expressed in percentage of vertebral AP diameter, on L2/3, L3/4, L4/5 and L5/S1 interspace were 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.2% and 6% on flexion and 4.5%, 5.2%, 5.9% and 7.3% on extension, respectively. We hope that these data would help to make decision on lumbar segmental instability in conjunction with other studies.
Hope ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography* ; Translations