No abstract available.
Animals ; Cattle ; DNA* ; Enzootic Bovine Leukosis* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

No abstract available.
Female ; Mammaplasty*

Background: s: This study was performed to analyze the main key words of newspaper articles related to COVID-19 in 2020 for each category of quarantine measures according to the epidemic period of COVID-19. Methods: We analyzed articles related to COVID-19 in three major newspapers of Korea between February 17 and December 31, 2020. We targeted the front page articles on mondays and thursdays. The analysis of the relationship between the two variables was confirmed through the chi-square test. Results: As a result of analyzing the main key words for each category of quarantine measures, non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common at 54.3%, followed by 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment and vaccine) at 31.9%. In the category of non-pharmaceutical intervention, social distancing was the most common at 33.9%. In the categories such as 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment) and vaccine, diagnostic tests were the most common at 41.8%. Conclusions It was identified that non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common, and there was a difference in the reporting of main key words by category of quarantine measures for each epidemic period related to COVID-19 in 2020.

The histologically confirmed endothelial damage (HCED) may lead to vasospasm, which increases the failure rate of microvascular anastomosis. Recently, vascular freezing has been reported to be the most effective and lasting method of alleviating or preventing vessel constriction in virgin microvessels. We question whether the application of freezing designed to relieve vasospasm is possible in microvessels accompanying with underlying acute endothelial damages without any harmful effects. We produced an experimental model with histologically confirmed endothelial damage and vasospasm in Sprague-Dawley rat. In crush injury group(group I, n = 15), the determined crushing load (0.07 J) was applied to femoral artery. In crush injury-freezing group(group II, n = 15), crushed arteries was frozen with ethyl chloride at 30 minutes after applying the crush injury. Gross and scanning electron microscopic appearances were inspected in both experimental groups on the 2nd, 14th and 30th day after the operation. In group I, vasospasm around the crushed segments were continued but in group II, the vasospasm disappeared immediately after vascular freezing, maintained its expansion even at postoperative 2, 14 and 30 days. On scanning electron microscopic examination, endothelium in group II showed slightly slower regeneration velocity but near complete regeneration was achieved at postoperative day 30. Regenerated endothelial cell in group II was more atypically shaped but arranged longitudinally at postoperative day 30. In conclusion, freezing with ethyl chloride could be a useful tool to reliably revert vasospasm without inducing thrombus even in acute endothelial damaged vessels after crush injury.
Animals ; Arteries ; Constriction ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Ethyl Chloride ; Femoral Artery ; Freezing* ; Microvessels ; Models, Theoretical ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Thrombosis

Body dysmorphic disorders can be often diagnosed among the group of patients seeking plastic surgery with excessiveness. For the correction of unrealistic body images tied up in their minds, they have a tendency to choose improper plastic operation or unlicensed procedures rather than the psychiatric intervention. So- called 'illegal injection' performed by the unlicensed has been readily accessible tempting alternatives, which could result in disastrous outcomes due to multiple compulsive injections. Nowadays injection of foreign materials, such as paraffin oil or liquid silicon, is thought to be obsolete in modern medical procedures. Nevertheless, these illegal procedures have been in extensive use among some Asian countries, including Korea, by the unlicensed. Local complication, particularly, granulomatous inflammatory responses of variable severity can occur, despite skillful techniques and even small amount of injection. Futhermore, these lesions frequently persist or recur after treatment. We have a case of a body dysmorphic disorder manifesting severe, huge foreign body granulomas caused by silicon, paraffin and oil injected. Our case was a 38- years-old woman who had multiple huge masses on head and neck which had slowly grown after multiple injections for about 16 years. After a psychiatric intervention, we performed partial resection of masses in cheek and neck area, followed by liposuction of forehead, neck and scalp. A brief history of case and the clinical significance of foreign body injection in body dysmorphic disorder were described.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Dysmorphic Disorders* ; Body Image ; Cheek ; Female ; Forehead ; Foreign Bodies* ; Granuloma ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Lipectomy ; Neck ; Paraffin ; Scalp ; Silicones ; Surgery, Plastic

Traumatic thyroid hematoma is a rare problem in cases of blunt trauma, but it can be a life-threatening condition. We report here on a case of thyroid hematoma that was complicated with unexpected airway obstruction due to blunt trauma on the anterior neck. A 23-year-old man who developed neck painful swelling and dyspnea was admitted to the emergency room with a blunt neck injury after motor-bicycle accident, and he hit his anterior neck against the handle-bar. He had no previous thyroid pathology and other medical problems. On the initial examination, his vital signs were stable and the oxygen saturation was 97.8%. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck showed fragmentation and extensive hematoma within the right thyroid gland and dislocation of the trachea. No definite bleeding focus was identified on the angiography that was done through the carotid artery. Two hours later, the patient experienced sudden respiratory distress and the oxygen saturation dropped rapidly. The patient needed emerg encyendotracheal intubation and surgical intervention. He successfully underwent right lobectomy of the thyroid gland, and was discharged on the 6th hospital day without any complications. The thyroid function was normal after 3 months.
Airway Obstruction* ; Angiography ; Carotid Arteries ; Dislocations ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intubation ; Neck ; Neck Injuries ; Neck Pain ; Oxygen ; Pathology ; Thyroid Gland* ; Trachea ; Vital Signs ; Young Adult

A variety files made of stainless steel (S-S) or nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) are used during endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the corrosion susceptibility of S-S and Ni-Ti endodontic files. Three brands of files were used for this study: K-flex(R) S-S files (Maillefer, USA), Profile(R) Ni-Ti files (Maillefer, USA), K-3(R) Ni-Ti files (SybronEndo, USA). 120 files of each brands (21mm, ISO size #20) were divided into 12 groups according to 1) sterilization methods using Autoclave or Ethylene Oxide (E-O) gas, 2) Irrigation solutions using 5.25 % NaOCl or Saline, 3) the number of sterilization (1, 5, 10 times). After above procedures, each of the files was inspected by three examiners with a light microscope and camera at X25. Each file was judged and ranked according to the following criteria: 0; no corrosion, 1; mild corrosion, 2; moderate corrosion, and 3; severe corrosion. The files of high score were examined under the Scanning Electron Microscope. Data were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). Most of the ten time-autoclaved files had showed mild to moderate corrosion. But, one or five time-autoclaved files did not show corrosive surface. NaOCl treatment and E-O gas sterilization did not influence on corrosion. There was a significant difference in corrosion susceptibility between sterilization methods and the number of autoclaving. However, there was no significant difference between brands and file materials.
Corrosion* ; Ethylene Oxide ; Stainless Steel ; Sterilization*

No abstract available.

Ovarin hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation, shows varying degrees of clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis of OHSS is an increase of vascular permeability resulting in hypovolemia, thromboembolism, ARDS, and death in sometimes. Pleural effusion is also a result of an increase of vascular permedability in the pleura. Thoracentesis is sometimes required to relieve dyspnea. We report a case of OHSS with bilateral exudative pleural effusfion is a 23 year-old female with resting dyspnea. She was received clomi;hen, FSH, and LH for the treatment of irregular menstruation twenty days previously. The ultrasonogram showed severe ascites and bilaterally huge ovary, and chest radiography showed bilateral effusion. Therapeutic thoracentesis and paracentesis were done for relief of the dyspnea. Two weeks later the bilateral effusion and symptoms disappeared spontaneously.
Ascites ; Capillary Permeability ; Dyspnea ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Menstruation ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome* ; Ovary ; Ovulation Induction ; Paracentesis ; Pleura ; Pleural Effusion* ; Radiography ; Thorax ; Thromboembolism ; Ultrasonography

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is an exocrine tumor with low malignant nature. Although it's treatment of choice is complete surgical resection, the patients who are not eligible for surgical therapy need other kinds of therapy and there are little reports. Vitamin A and its derivatives in some tumors are known to be prohibiting the tumors' growth by reducing the manifestation of transcription factors. We present one case of SPN of the pancreas, which was not eligible for resection and was not responding to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but, responded with the administration of Isotretionin (Roaccutan(R)). Therefore, for inoperable SPN of the pancreas, we consider Isotretionin therapy can be used as treatment and, in the future, new studies with more of Isotretionin treatment implemented cases should be conducted to identify their anticancer mechanism.
Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Pancreas* ; Transcription Factors ; Vitamin A