Hyperextension injury in the thoracic spine is uncommon with only a few cases documented in the literature. The mechanism of these injuries is hyperextension combined with axial or shearing force. These types of injuries are associated with a high risk of dural tears and paraplegia. A 91-year-old female presented with acute back pain from a hyperextension injury in thoracic spine with no neurological deficit. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed a intervertebral disc rupture. On day 20 of hospitalization, the herniated intervertebral disc compressed the spinal cord with incomplete paraplegia. Hyperextension injuries involving the three columns are very unstable and we recommend surgical treatment as soon as possible, not only because of the initial trauma, but a ruptured disc herniation can damage the spinal cord.
Back Pain ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paraplegia ; Rupture ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; Thoracic Vertebrae

OBJECTIVE: To report the efficacy of vaginally administered bromocriptine. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: The prolactin level was significantly decreased after the administration of bromocriptine vaginally. CONCLUSIONS: The vaginal administration of bromocriptine can be an alternative to oral administration in patients with hyperprolactinemia who show severe side effects.
Administration, Intravaginal ; Administration, Oral ; Bromocriptine* ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia* ; Prolactin

PURPOSE: Long-term follow-up results of concurrent bilateral or unilateral cementless hip arthroplasty were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty eight and 49 patients with concurrent bilateral and unilateral hip artrhoplasties who had more than a 17-year follow-up time were selected. At final follow-up, mean ages were 69.1 and 66.7 years old in the bilateral and unilateral groups, respectively. Mean follow-up times were 21.5 and 22.4 years in the bilateral and unilateral groups, respectively. Clinical results were attained using Harris hip score and standardized anteroposterior and lateral view X-rays. RESULTS: The bilateral group had mean Harris scores of 44.3(standard deviation 3.78) preoperatively, and 81.2 (10.75) at final follow-up. For the unilateral group, the mean scores were 46.5(3.27) preoperatively, and 80.1 (12.05) at final follow-up. At final follow-up, an acetabular cup was securely located in 78.9% and 82.8% of the bilateral and unilateral groups, respectively, and all cases showed firm fixation of the femoral stem in both groups. Osteolysis around the cup and stem were found in 26.3% and 31.4% of the bilateral group and 16.6% and 17.1% of the unilateral group, respectively. Polyethylene wear rate was 0.17 mm/yr and 0.16 mm/yr in the unilateral and bilateral groups, respectively. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, 17-year survival rates for cup and stem were 78% and 89% in the bilateral group, respectively, and 78% and 86% in the unilateral group, respectively. CONCLUSION: In 17-year long-term follow-up, concurrent bilateral hip arthroplasty was insignificantly different clinically and radiologically from the result of unilateral hip arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteolysis ; Polyethylene ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of intramedullary K-wire fixation and interosseous wiring in the arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint with description of surgical procedure. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 9 cases (7 women and 2 men) of DIP joint arthrodesis. The average age of patients was 44.2 years (range, 21 to 71 years) and the mean follow-up period was 19.6 months. Joint union was evaluated on the follow-up radiographs together with postoperative complications. RESULTS: All cases achieved radiologic union of the arthrodesis site. There was no surgical complication except for one case of skin irritation by the interosseous wire knot which was removed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Intramedullary K-wire fixation and interosseous wiring could be an alternative procedure of arthrodesis in the DIP joint.
Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis/*surgery ; Arthrodesis/*methods ; Bone Wires ; Female ; Finger Joint/radiography/*surgery ; Hand Deformities, Acquired/*surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to analyze efficacy of immature and mature mouse oocytes after vitrification and warming by applying various combinations of cryoprotectants (CPAs) and/or super-rapid cooling using slush nitrogen (SN2). METHODS: Four-week old ICR female mice were superovulated for GV- and MII-stage oocytes. Experimental groups were divided into two groups. Ethylene glycol (EG) only group: pre-equilibrated with 1.5 M EG for 2.5 minutes and then equilibrated with 5.5 M EG and 1.0 M sucrose for 20 seconds. EG+dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group: pre-equilibrated with 1.3 M EG+1.1 M DMSO for 2.5 minutes and equilibrated with 2.7 M EG+2.1 M DMSO+0.5 M sucrose for 20 seconds. The oocytes were loaded onto grids and plunged into SN2 or liquid nitrogen (LN2). Stored oocytes were warmed by a five-step method, and then their survival, maturation, cleavage, and developmental rates were observed. RESULTS: The EG only and EG+DMSO groups showed no significant difference in survival of immature oocytes vitrified after warming. However, maturation and cleavage rates after conventional insemination were greater in the EG only group than in the EG+DMSO group. In mature oocytes, survival, cleavage, and blastocyst formation rates after warming showed no significant difference when EG only or EG+DMSO was applied. Furthermore, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of MII oocytes vitrified using SN2 were increased in both the EG only and EG+DMSO groups. CONCLUSION: A combination of CPAs in oocyte cryopreservation could be formulated according to the oocyte stage. In addition, SN2 may improve the efficiency of vitrification by reducing cryoinjury.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Cryopreservation ; Cryoprotective Agents ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Ethylene Glycol ; Ethylenes ; Female ; Humans ; Insemination ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nitrogen ; Oocytes ; Sucrose ; Vitrification

Heterotopic pregnancy is rare event and the risk is increased with assisted reproductive technology procedures. Heterotopic cervical pregnancy is even more unusual. We report a rare case of heterotopic cervical pregnancy that was managed successfully. A 36-year-old women who conceived by IVF-ICSI was diagnosed with heterotopic cervical pregnancy. She visited the emergency room with vaginal bleeding at 5 weeks of gestation and underwent careful intracervical gestational sac reduction with forceps under abdominal guidance the next day. The postoperative course was uneventful and with regular check-ups, the intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) progressed unremarkably through 41 weeks with delivery of a healthy newborn. We reviewed a total of 37 cases of heterotopic pregnancy that have been reported in the English language literature. There have been many attempts to eliminate the cervical embryo while preserving the IUP, and complete cervical evacuation is important in order to avoid infection, bleeding, and premature birth.
Embryonic Structures ; Emergencies ; Female ; Gestational Sac ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic ; Premature Birth ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Surgical Instruments ; Uterine Hemorrhage

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma(ASPS) is a rare, aggressive malignancy of uncertain histologic origin with a propensity for vascular invasion and distant metastasis. ASPS may mimic benign vascular neoplams of malformation but careful evaluation of the unique imaging features on CT scans, MR images, and angiograms lead to the correct diagnosis. ASPS of the tongue is slow-growing, painless mass, especially ASPS of the base the tongue is difficult to be noticed by patient, dentists or oral and maxillofacial surgeons on oral examintion because of its location and clinical resemblance to a benign lesion. And it leads to delayed or inadequate diagnosis. We report radiologic and clinical features of an ASPS of the basal portion of the tongue in a 17-year-old boy, showing normal appearance, but palpation of the tongue and floor of the mouth reveals the tumor. Among the 23 cases of a primary ASPS of tongue reported, 7 cases occured on the basal region of the tongue, inculding the present one. There has been no recurrence or metastasis as of 3 years postoperatively.
Adolescent ; Dentists ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palpation ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tongue* ; Viperidae

The purpose of this article is to present the authors experience that simple calculating method of fracture area in blow out fracture. Authors set up a hypothesis that fracture shape is a isosceles triangle, rectangle or diamond shape. It was enable easily to calculating of fracture area with 2D facial CT scan only. Enophthalmos and fracture area of 22 patients was made inspection. We verified our experimental results with student t-test. We first concluded that new simple calculating method is usful but, need further evaluations and patients.
Diamond ; Enophthalmos ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Orbital Fractures* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We report two cases of magnetic resonance imaging of the cutaneous hamartoma on the hand, which is a rare benign soft tissue tumor.
Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Case Report ; Female ; Hamartoma/pathology ; Hamartoma/diagnosis* ; Hand* ; Human ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Skin Diseases/pathology ; Skin Diseases/diagnosis*

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a condition involving the breakdown of the peaceful co-existence between microorganisms and the host immune system in the endometrium. A majority of CE cases produce no noticeable signs or mild symptoms, and the prevalence rate of CE has been found to be approximately 10%. Gynecologists and pathologists often do not focus much clinical attention on CE due to the time-consuming microscopic examinations necessary to diagnose CE, its mild clinical manifestations, and the benign nature of the disease. However, the relationship between CE and infertility-related conditions such as repeated implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage has recently emerged as an area of inquiry. In this study, we reviewed the literature on the pathophysiology of CE and how it may be associated with infertility, as well as the literature regarding the diagnosis and treatment of CE. In addition, we discuss the value of hysteroscopic procedures in the diagnosis and treatment of CE.
Abortion, Habitual ; Diagnosis ; Endometritis* ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Hysteroscopy ; Immune System ; Infertility* ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence