Aurthors have treated 77 cases of acute supp rative osteomyelitis since January 1972 until December 1979. Among them 69 patients had surgical treatment while 8 cases had antibiotic therapy only. 42 patients out of 69 surgically treated cases had fenestration operation, while 27 cases had multiple drilling operation to evacuate the bony abscess. In 15 cases Turkels bone biopsy needle was used to decompress the infected bones, and by It the abscess could be very effectively evacuated. After decompression with a Turkel needle by placing a small calibered polyethylene tube Into the lesion, the lesion was continuously irrigated with antibiotics solution. This procedure has proved to be very effective and a successful one which can easily be practised as an office procedure in the very poor and needy cases. Also when patients are seriously ill and/or other extensive surgery is not feasible, this simple procedure can easily be practised without hazard, Good end results without sequellae were abtained when early decompression with massive antiblotic therapy was instituted even by Turkel needle drainage.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Decompression ; Drainage ; Humans ; Needles ; Osteomyelitis ; Polyethylene

BACKGROUND: Recently the Korean society has been challenged with the rapid growth of obese population due to the improved socioeconomic status and lifestyle changes over the past decades. Not only has obesity been known as one of major risk factors for various diseases including cardiovascular diseases(e.g. hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke) and diabetes mellitus, but it has also increased the death from obesity-related diseases. It has been required, however, to establish our own obesity criteria adjusted for Korean since much difference is expected to exist in the degree of obesity between white and Asian people. Therefore, this study was designed to provide with primary data to help establish new criteria through identifying the distribution of Body Mass Index(BMI), and then analysing its relatian with some obesity-related diseases. METHODS: This study calculated BMI and related it to some obesity-related diseases by analysing data from 1995 National Health Interview Surveys, in which a random sample of 5,750 Korean at the age of 15-69 had self-reported their heights, body weights and diagnoses with obesity-related diseases by physicians. Variables under consideration include potential risk factors(e.g. alcohol intakes, smoking, exercise, etc.) as well as demographics of the sample population. RESULTS: Average BMI(kg/m(2)) were 21.6+/- 2.6 for male and 21.7+/-4.8 for female(mean+/-SD), which increased in direct proportion to the increase of age until the age reached the group of 40-59, and then followed by the inverse in its relation with the age at 60 and over. It was revealed, however, that prevalences of obesity-related diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus etc. were the highest among the population group with their BMI of 23.8~35.6. In short, this study identified the proportional relation of BMI with the prevalence of obesity-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the prevalence for hypertension and diabetes mellitus was shown to be higher than the average among population with their BMI of 21.9~238, whose figure is much lower than both 26.4, the value of the 90th percentile proposed in MONICA prot and 25, the current WHO criteria of obesity. However, a Japanese study reported that the health risk began to increase at the BMI of 23 with risks for obesity-related diseases dramatically increased at the BMI of 26-27 and over, and concluded that because Asian has more body fats accumulated within the upper body part compared with the white, the Asian persons are more obese, though less in terms of BMI, than the white. Therefore, future works should be focused on establishing our own criteria for obesity with health risks through determining the association of BMI with prevalence of various diseases in Korea.
Adipose Tissue ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Height ; Coronary Disease ; Demography ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Korea ; Life Style ; Male ; Obesity ; Population Groups ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Therapies involving bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have considerable potential in the management of hepatic disease. BM-MSCs have been investigated in regenerative medicine due to their ability to secrete various growth factors and cytokines that regress hepatic fibrosis and enhance hepatocyte functionality. The aim of this study was to determine the antifibrosis effect of BM-MSCs on activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the mechanism underlying how BM-MSCs modulate the function of activated HSCs. METHODS: We used HSCs in both direct and indirect co-culture systems with BM-MSCs to evaluate the antifibrosis effect of BM-MSCs. The cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by a direct co-culture system of activated HSCs with BM-MSCs. The activations of both HSCs alone and HSCs with BM-MSCs in the direct co-culture system were observed by immunocytochemistry for alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). The levels of growth factors and cytokines were evaluated by an indirect co-culture system of activated HSCs with BM-MSCs. RESULTS: The BM-MSCs in the direct co-culture system significantly decreased the production of alpha-SMA and the viability of activated HSCs, whereas they induced the apoptosis of activated HSCs. The BM-MSCs in the indirect co-culture system decreased the production of transforming growth factor-beta1 and interleukin (IL)-6, whereas they increased the production of hepatocyte growth factor and IL-10. These results confirmed that the juxtacrine and paracrine effects of BM-MSCs can inhibit the proliferative, fibrogenic function of activated HSCs and have the potential to reverse the fibrotic process by inhibiting the production of alpha-SMA and inducing the apoptosis of HSCs. CONCLUSIONS: These results have demonstrated that BM-MSCs may exert an antifibrosis effect by modulating the function of activated HSCs.
Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Coculture Techniques ; Hepatic Stellate Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Interleukin-10/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism

Protothecosis is a rare cutaneous soft tissue infection caused by the genus prototheca, most commonly Prototheca wickerhatmii. An 80-year-old woman has had a painful or tender, non-healing, eczematous plaque on the extensor surface of the left forearm for 4 years. A biopsy specimen revealed the characteristic thick-walled morulalike sporangia in the dermis. P. wickerha mili was isolated in the culture and the biochemical studies. Electron microscopic examination showed the thick-walled spores containing dark dense bodies and amyloplasts. Oral itraconazole therapy for 4 weeks resulted-in a marked improvement of the skin lesion.
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Dermis ; Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Plastids ; Prototheca ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Sporangia ; Spores

Isolated ACTH deficiency is a uncommon disorder causing secondary adrenocortical insufficiency. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the world. The major clinical manifestations are hypoglycemia, weight loss, hypotension, anemia, weakness, nausea, inability to excrete water load, and hyponatremia. A 56-year-old male was admitted because of weakness, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. He was pallor and not associated with hyperpigmentation. The basal plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were 8.30 pg/ml and 0.6 ug/dl. The serum cortisol did not response to rapid ACTH stimulation test. On combined pituitary stimulation test, the cortisol did not response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Other anterior pituitary hormones showed normal responses except elevated prolactin level. Six months after glucocorticoid replacement therapy, the elevated basal prolactin level returned to normal. Brain MRI did not show any anatomic abnormalities of the sellar and suprasella area. We report a case of isolated ACTH deficiency accompanied by hyperprolactineia, which respond to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.
Adrenal Insufficiency ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Anemia ; Brain ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hyperprolactinemia* ; Hypoglycemia ; Hyponatremia ; Hypotension ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Pallor ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior ; Plasma ; Prolactin ; Vomiting ; Water ; Weight Loss

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition which is usually congenital in origin and is almost invariably fatal in its bilateral and severe forms. It is often overlooked, however, during clinical examination, routine echocardiography, and even at cardiac catheterization. This report describes pulsed Doppler, color flow echocardiography, and hemodynamic findings of bilateral pulmonary vein stenosis accompanying ventricular septal and atrial septal defects successfully corrected by surgery.
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Catheterization ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Hemodynamics ; Pulmonary Veins*

Six cases of bileaflet mechanical mitral valve thrombosis were serially assessed by Doppler echocardiography and cinefluoroscopy during thrombolytic therapy with urokinase. Two patients had dual mechanical valve replacement in the aortic and mitral positions simultaneously. Bileaflet thrombosis was diagnosed by 2-dimensional echocardiography in three cases, Doppler echocardiography and cinefluoroscopy in six cases. Thrombolytic therapy using urokinase was successful in five patients (3 cases : UK 1,000,000 unit x 3 hours for 2 days, 2 cases ; UK 1,000,000 unit/24 hours for 5 and 7 days respecitively, 1 case ; UK 1,000,000 unit/hr x 3 hours for 1 day). The other one patients had massive cerebral thromboembolism and subsequently died. These study demonstrated the usefulness of Doppler echocardiography and cinefluoroscopy in diagnosis and serial assessment of thrombolytic therapy in the patients with mechanical mitral valve thrombosis.
Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Mitral Valve* ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Thrombosis* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon does not occur with common hemangioma, rather it is associated with the more aggressive Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and rarely with other vascular neoplasm. We report the case of an adult who was diagnosed as Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma complicated by Kasabach-Memtt phenomenon. This is the first report in Korea of an adult with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon who has osteolytic changes of femur, pelvic bone, and lumbar spine.
Adult* ; Femur ; Hemangioendothelioma* ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome ; Korea ; Pelvic Bones ; Spine ; Vascular Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Since the morning fluoride level of 10 uM is recommended for adults patients being treated for osteoporosis so far, measurement of serum fluoride level is important to detect abnormally high levels or to detect levels below the therapeutic windows. Aims of this study are to determine the normal range of serum ionic fluoride levels in Korean female adults (from 5th to 7th decade), and to evaluate the in vivo fluoride pharmacokinetics of monofluorophosphate in Korean adults. METHODS: Serum level of fluoride was measured from blood samples of 72 female subjects (age 43-69years) using an ion selective electrode. For pharrnacokinetics of monofluorophosphate-calcium (MFP-Ca), 6 subjects (age 27~45 years) were included to be withdrawn the blood hourly for the first S hours and the blood was withdrawn at 24 hours after a single dose of MFP-Ca. RESULTS: Mean level of serum fluoride was 1.64+-0.12uM in 5th, 6th, 7th decades adults, and there was no difference of serum fluoride levels among age groups. Peak serum fluoride level exhibited 5.02+-0.67pM, and returned to basal level on 24 hours after a single dose of MFP-Ca. CONCLUSION: This study shows that mean serutn fluoride of Korean female adults (from 5th to 7th decade) is not different from that of other reports, and a single dose of MFP-Ca does not cause serum fluoride levels above the recommended therapeutic windows of 5-10uM for 24 hours.
Adult* ; Electrodes ; Female ; Fluorides* ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Pharmacokinetics ; Reference Values

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in adults is a life-threatening disorder characterized by acute renal failure, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia, which is not related to E. coli. Digital gangrene is one of the grave signs in emergency medicine because it requires prompt evaluation and treatment. We describe a 37 year-old Thailand woman, initially treated for suspected Neisseria septicemia, who went on to develop renal complications, thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia, which made the diagnosis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. The patient was complaining of dysesthesia on all extremities and severe pain in both legs. Serologically, she was diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She was treated with plasma exchanges using fresh frozen plasma, parenteral steroid, anticoagulant and antibiotics, successfully. This is the first report of digital gangrene complicated by atypical HUS in a patient with SLE in Korea.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Emergency Medicine ; Extremities ; Female ; Gangrene ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea ; Leg ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Neisseria ; Paresthesia ; Plasma ; Plasma Exchange ; Sepsis ; Thailand ; Thrombocytopenia