Detailed mechanism of uterine cervical cancer progression still remains unclear. Altered programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cellular proliferation are associated with the development of neoplasia. The authors investigated the expressions of bcl-2, which inhibit apoptosis, and caspase-3, which is involved in the induction of apoptosis and has been considered to be correlated with apoptosis, and proliferating activity according to the degree of malignancy in the squamous neoplasia of the uterine cervix. Correlation between bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression and proliferating activity was done. The materials were low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=15), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n=15), microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (n=15), and squamous cell carcinoma (n=15). Immunohistochemical stainings for bcl-2, caspase-3, and MIB-1 were done. bcl-2 and MIB-1 expressions were progressively increased in accordance with the increasing degree of malignancy, but caspase-3 immunoreactivity was higher in LSIL than invasive cancers. There was an inverse relationship between bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. No significant correlation between MIB-1, bcl-2, and caspase-3 expressions was observed. These results suggest that an inhibition of apoptosis and the augmentation of proliferating activity of tumor cells might be separately involved in the development of the cervical squamous neoplasia.
Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Caspase 3* ; Cell Death ; Cell Proliferation ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Sjogren's syndrome has been considered to be an autoimmune disease affecting various organs including salivary and lacrimal glands. It occurs most commonly in middle-aged women, and less than 20 cases with primary Sjogren's syndrome have been reported in children. An 11-yim-old boy presented with recurrent annular erythema on the face that had been present for 2 years. A schirmers test showed a positive result. ANA was detected at a dilution of 1:640. Anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies were also detected. On histological examination, lymphocytes were infiltrated in the periappendegeal areas as well as the papillary and reticular dernis. The skin findimg is uncommon in children, but has become a characteristic feature of childhood Sjogrens syndrome with anti-Ro and/or anti-La antibodies.
Antibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Child ; Erythema* ; Female ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Skin

The exact etiologies and mechanisms of ischemia in avascular necrosis of femoral head are still under investigation. But this condition seems to be increasing during a few decades with increasing use of steroid and alcohol abuse in Korea. The treatment modalities have been based on the stages of the disease by simple radiographic findings that do not describe the accurate pathological extent or localization. Therefore more sophisticated study is needed to treat the AVN of the femoral head well. Magnetic resonance images, simple radiographs, scintigraphs of 13 patients(22 femoral heads), who were admitted and treated at Seoul National University Hospital from April, 1989 to December, 1989 were correlated, to characterize the type of AVN by extent and location regardless of its stage and reveal the relationship between types and stages. It is the result of this study that the type of AVN as well as stage should be considered in determining the treatment modality.
Alcoholism ; Classification ; Head ; Ischemia ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal drug-induced systemic hypersensitivity response characterized by erythematous eruption, fever, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, and internal organ involvement. Antitubercular agents are potential causative agents for DRESS syndrome but difficult to verify as a culprit drug, since antitubercular agents are coadministered as a combination regimen. A 42-year-old female with endobronchial tuberculosis was diagnosed with DRESS syndrome after 4-week treatment of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide with prednisolone 50 mg. All the antitubercular agents were stopped and replaced with levofloxacin, cycloserine, p-aminosalicylic acid, and kanamycin. However, severe exacerbation of DRESS syndrome compelled the patient to discontinue the administration of the second-line antitubercular agents. Two months later, the patient underwent a patch test for all the antitubercular agents which had been used, and the results showed positivity to isoniazid and cycloserine. We report a rare case of DRESS syndrome that reacted to cycloserine as well as isoniazid. Development of coreactivity to other drugs should be differentiated with a flare-up reaction in the management of DRESS syndrome.
Adult ; Aminosalicylic Acid ; Antitubercular Agents ; Cycloserine ; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome ; Eosinophilia* ; Ethambutol ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Isoniazid ; Kanamycin ; Leukocytosis ; Levofloxacin ; Patch Tests ; Prednisolone ; Pyrazinamide ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis

In this paper, some parts of Fig. 1 and dose information of methylprednisolone on page 113 were misprinted.

Carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor composed of a mixture of neoplastic epithelial and mesenchymal elements, which has been reported in many organ systems, but its occurrence is very rare in the skin. An 81-year-old female patient presented with aml-year-history of a painful exophytic mass on the tip of the middle finger of the right hand involving the distal part of the nail bed. The mass was 1 × 1 × 0.6 cm in size, hard, flesh colored, ulcerated and easily bleeding. Microscopically, the epidermis at the margin of the tumor showed the characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma and the carcinomatous component was mixed with malignant mesenchymal components focally differentiating into chondrosarcoma. This combination of squamous cell carcinoma and chondrosarcoma has not been reported yet in the skin. She had a distal interphalanx amputation and no recurrence appeared for 1 year on follow-up.
Aged, 80 and over ; Amputation ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Carcinosarcoma ; Chondrosarcoma* ; Epidermis ; Epithelial Cells* ; Female ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Skin* ; Ulcer

Congenital fibrosarcoma of neonate is a very rare malignant tumor prone to behave aggressively with a tendency to local recurrence without metastasis. It is characteristically composed of collagenous fibroblasts and herringbone pattern in histology. We experienced a case of congenital fibrosarcoma on the left thigh and report this case with some review in literature with 1½ year follow up.
Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosarcoma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Thigh

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to report mixed germ cell tumor, which revealed changes compatible with early transformation of dysgerminoma to endodermal sinus tumor(EST) through histogenetic considerations and immunohistochemical stains. METHODS: Ovarian germ cell tumors were reviewed from files of Dept. Ob/Gyn. Seoul Paik Hospital fiom 1992.1 to 1996.12. Total of 5 cases include 4 pure dysgerminoma and 1 mixed germ cell tumars. All tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin and reviewed by two pathologists with immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin, vimentin, AFP, PCNA, p53 & bc1-2. RESULTS: Grossly, the areas of transformation were located at the middle of the mixed tumor. The outer layer of the tumor mass was filled with typical pure dysgerminoma. They were characterised as the presence of microcysts and small glandular structures in hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) stains with positive stain for vimentin, except the tissue of the EST. The cells in the intermediate layer were characterised as the mixed form of dysgerminomatous and EST structures in H-E stains. AFP in the dysgerminomatous cells in intermediate layer and EST were stained, but not in outer layer. CONCLUSION: Dysgerminoma may possess the ability to transform to EST. There might be intermediate stage between dysgerminoma and EST, and Immunohistochemical staining for AFP, cytokeratin, vimentin, PCNA also can be used for prognosis of germ cell tumor.
Coloring Agents ; Dysgerminoma* ; Endoderm ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor* ; Formaldehyde ; Germ Cells ; Keratins ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Seoul ; Vimentin ; Yolk Sac*

We experienced a case of congenital rubella syndrome manifesting patent ductus arteriosus, petechiae, microcephaly, intrauterine growth retardation, and hepatomegaly in one-day-old female newborn infant. Congenital rubella syndrome was confirmed by positive results of anti-rubella IgM in the sera of patient. Anti-rubella IgM was negative in the sera of mother, while anti-rubella IgG was positive.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infant, Newborn ; Microcephaly ; Mothers ; Purpura ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital*