No abstract available.
Nuchal Cord* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia* ; Proteinuria*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

PURPOSE: We report short-term results of radial head prosthesis using a unipolar loose fit stem in ten patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with Mason type three radial head fracture, who received unipolar radial head arthroplasty from February 2010 to June 2011, were evaluated (mean follow-up: 22 months, range: 18-30 months). Subjects consisted of five men and five women. Range of elbow motion was measured. Mayo elbow performance index (MEPI) score was used for functional evaluation and periodic radiological imaging was performed to evaluate the stability of implant. RESULTS: After an average follow-up of 22 months, elbow stability was maintained in all cases, and the average range of motion of elbow flexion and extension was 6 to 130 degrees. Average range of pronation and supination was 66 and 74 degrees, respectively. MEPI score was evaluated as excellent in seven cases, and good in three cases. On final follow-up, radiological assessment showed implant stability in all cases without evidence of dislocation, subluxation, arthritis, periprosthetic osteolysis or heterotopic ossification. CONCLUSION: Based on our short-term follow-up, radial head arthroplasty with unipolar loose fit stem is a useful method for obtaining satisfactory outcome for unreducible comminuted radial head fractures.
Arthritis ; Arthroplasty* ; Dislocations ; Elbow ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Humans ; Male ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteolysis ; Pronation ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Supination

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed in EBV-associated tumors and cell lines, but the regulation mechanism of their expression is unclear yet. We investigated whether the expression of EBV miRNAs is epigenetically regulated in EBV-infected B cell lines. The expression of BART miRNAs was inversely related with the methylation level of the BART promoter at both steady-state and following 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment of the cells. The expression of BHRF1 miRNAs also became detectable with the demethylation of Cp/Wp in latency I EBV-infected cell lines. Furthermore, in vitro methylation of the BART and Cp promoters reduced the promoter-driven transactivation. In contrast, tricostatin A had little effect on the expression of EBV miRNA expression as well as on the BART and Cp/Wp promoters. Our results suggest that promoter methylation, but not histone acetylation, plays a role in regulation of the EBV miRNA expression in EBV-infected B cell lines.
Azacitidine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism/virology ; Cell Line ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Modification Methylases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Gene Silencing ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*genetics/physiology ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics/*metabolism ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Viral/genetics/*metabolism ; Viral Proteins/genetics

A 26-year-old male who had no underlying disease, including coagulopathy, underwent thoracotomy and bleeding control due to hemothorax. On the fifth postoperative day, paralysis of both lower limbs occurred. Urgent spine magnetic resonance imaging showed a massive anterior spinal epidural hematoma from C2 to L1 level with different signal intensities, which was suspected to be staged hemorrhage. Hematoma evacuation with decompressive laminectomy was performed. The patient's neurologic deterioration was recovered immediately, and he was discharged without neurological deficits. A drug history of naftazone, which could induce a drug-induced platelet dysfunction, was revealed retrospectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of whole spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma in a young patient, with a history of hemorrhoid medication.
Adult ; Blood Platelets ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal* ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhoids ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Paralysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Thoracotomy

In order to explore the existence and distribution of phospholipase (PLC) isozymes in the rat retina, immunohistochemical staining was applied using monoclonal antibodies against PLC isozymes (PLC beta; K92, PLC gamma; D7, F7, PLC delta; R32, S11). For immunohistochemical detection, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method was performed on frozed tissue sections of rat retina. Our study showed that PLC isozymes have particular distributional patterns in the retina. Namely, PLC beta is broadly distributed in the outer and inner segments of photoreceptor cell layer, nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. PLC gamma is mainly appeared in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. PLC delta is confined only in the ganglion cell layer. These results clearly demonstrate the PLC isozymes may have their own role in the transduction of light pathway in the retina. However, further studies will be required to verify theirs precise role in the photoreception.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Ganglion Cysts ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes* ; Nerve Fibers ; Peroxidase ; Phospholipase C beta ; Phospholipases* ; Photoreceptor Cells ; Rats* ; Retina* ; Type C Phospholipases*

In order to explore the existence and distribution of phospholipase (PLC) isozymes in the rat retina, immunohistochemical staining was applied using monoclonal antibodies against PLC isozymes (PLC beta; K92, PLC gamma; D7, F7, PLC delta; R32, S11). For immunohistochemical detection, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method was performed on frozed tissue sections of rat retina. Our study showed that PLC isozymes have particular distributional patterns in the retina. Namely, PLC beta is broadly distributed in the outer and inner segments of photoreceptor cell layer, nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. PLC gamma is mainly appeared in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. PLC delta is confined only in the ganglion cell layer. These results clearly demonstrate the PLC isozymes may have their own role in the transduction of light pathway in the retina. However, further studies will be required to verify theirs precise role in the photoreception.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Ganglion Cysts ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes* ; Nerve Fibers ; Peroxidase ; Phospholipase C beta ; Phospholipases* ; Photoreceptor Cells ; Rats* ; Retina* ; Type C Phospholipases*

It was already reported in else where that a standard linear accelerator, with only slight modification can function in a manner similar to Leksell's Gamma unit device in the treatment of inoperable deep seated intracranial lesions. Using collimated narrow beams, a localization system and special computer programs for precise patient positioning and a high concentration of irradiation dose within the lesions, eleven patients with AVMs and brain tumor have now been treated since 1988. The 6 MeV linear accelerator and Hitchcock stereotactic frame was used of the all procedures. In 10 of the 11 patients, no side effects occurred. The first 7 patients, who could be observed 3 months or longer have been studied radiologically and clinically. In 6 patients marked decrease in contrast enhancement and sometimes dramatic clinical improvement was achieved. In one case a marked increase of the surrounding brain edema occurred 7days after radiosurgery, who was operated on. The radiantion dose was based on the volume, location and radiosensitivity of the lesion which ranged 15-40 Gy.
Brain Edema ; Brain Neoplasms ; Humans ; Particle Accelerators* ; Patient Positioning ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiosurgery*

Twenty-our cases of pituitary adenoma, 13 males and 11 females with the age ranging from 11 to 65 years, received radiation therapy(RT) on the pituitary area with 6MV linear accelerator during past 25 months at the Division of Radiation Therapy, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College. Of 24 case of RT, 20 were postoperative and 4 primary. To evaluate the effect of RT, we analyzed the alteration of the endocrinologic tests, neurologic abnormalities, major clinical symptoms, endocrinologic changes and improvement in visual problems after RT. The results were as follows ; 1. Major clinical symptoms were headache, visual defects, diabetes insipidus, hypogonadisms and general weakness in decreasing order of frequency. 2. All but the one with Nelson's syndrome showed abnormal neuroradiologic changes in the sella turcica with an invasive tumor mass around supra and para-ellar area. 3. Endocrinological classifications of the patient were 11 prolactinoma, 4 growth hormonesecreting tumors, 3 ACTH-ecreting tumors consisting of one Cushing's disease and two Nelson's syndrome, and 6 nonfunctioning tumors. 4. Eleven of 14 patients, visual problems were improved after treatment but remaining 3 were unchanged. 5. Seven of 11 prolactinomas returned to normal hormonal level after postoperative and primary RT and 3 patients are being treated with bromocriptine (BMCP) but on lost case. 6. Two of 4 growth hormone-ecreting tumor returned to normal level after RT but the remaining 2 are being treated with BMCP, as well.
Bromocriptine ; Classification ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Female ; Growth Hormone* ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Particle Accelerators ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Plasma* ; Prolactinoma ; Sella Turcica