Deregulation of G1 cyclins has been reported in several human and rodent tumors including colon cancer. To investigate the expression pattern of G1 cyclins in 1,2- dimethyl-hydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis, we studied the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The mRNA level of cyclin D1 was increased 1.2-fold in adenocarcinomas but not significantly in adenomas, when compared with normal rat colonic mucosa (p<0.05). The cyclin E mRNA level was increased 2.7-fold in adenomas and 3.3-fold in adenocarcinomas (p<0.05). The PCNA mRNA level was also increased 1.9-fold in adenomas and 1.8-fold in adenocarcinomas (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed exclusive nuclear staining of the neoplastic cells for cyclin D1, cyclin E and PCNA. Cyclin D1 expression was detected in 56.3% of the adenomas and in 61.5% of the adenocarcinomas examined, whereas cyclin E expression was detected in 87.5% of the adenomas and in 92.3% of the adenocarcinomas. Overall, cyclin D1, cyclin E and PCNA expression was significantly increased at both the mRNA and protein levels in normal colonic mucosa, adenomas and adenocarcinomas, but there was no significant difference in the degree of expression of these genes in adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Our results indicate that the overexpression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E may play an important role during the multistage process of rat colon carcinogenesis, at a relatively early stage, and may disturb cell-cycle control in benign adenomas, and thereafter, participate in tumor progression.
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine/toxicity ; Adenocarcinoma/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Adenoma/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Animals ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Cell Cycle/drug effects/physiology ; Colon/metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Cyclin D1/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Cyclin E/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/biosynthesis/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

No abstract available.
Dinoprostone* ; Membranes* ; Rupture* ; Suppositories*

Glassy cell carcinoma is a histologic subtype of cervical cancer with distinct pathologic features and it has an aggressive biologic course. It was first described by Glucksmann and Cherry in 1956 as a poorly differentiated adenoquamous carcinoma and commented on its poor prognosis, unresponsiveness to traditional modes of therapy, and often associated with pregnancy. The characteristic histologic features are defined as follows: 1) cells with a moderate amount of cytoplasm resembling ground glass, 2) a fairly distinct cell membrane that stains with eosin or PAS, 3) large nuclei with prominent nucleoli. We present two cases of glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix successfullyl treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical hyterectorny, with a brief review of literatures.
Cell Membrane ; Cervix Uteri* ; Coloring Agents ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy* ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Female ; Glass ; Hysterectomy* ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Prunus ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

This report describes simultaneous bilateral Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) development in four-year-old identical male twins. Moreover, the twins showed head involvement patterns with mirror symmetry. We included a review of the literature on this rare condition and discussed the genetic risks associated with LCPD.
Head ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease* ; Male ; Twins, Monozygotic*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein and is known to be related to the metastatic potential and prognosis of cancer. However, few studies have investigated the expression level of periostin and its association with prognoses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we analyzed periostin overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implication for prognoses. METHODS: We evaluated 149 patients who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2010. Tissue microarrays were constructed from hepatocellular carcinoma tissue and adjacent nontumor tissue, and immunohistochemistry was performed. RESULTS: A high periostin level was observed more frequently in cases of multiple tumors (odds ratio [OR], 2.826; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.224 to 6.527; p=0.013), positive microvascular invasion (OR, 2.974; 95% CI, 1.431 to 6.181; p=0.003), and advanced stage disease (OR, 3.032; 95% CI, 1.424 to 6.452; p=0.003). Patients with high periostin expression had significantly (p=0.002) lower overall survival rates than those with low periostin expression (90.3%, 66.1%, and 56.2% vs 97.7%, 85.1%, and 77.5% at 1, 3, and 5 years). CONCLUSIONS: We found that a combination of periostin overexpression and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma was correlated with a poor prognosis and can be a good prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis* ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Array Analysis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein and is known to be related to the metastatic potential and prognosis of cancer. However, few studies have investigated the expression level of periostin and its association with prognoses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we analyzed periostin overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implication for prognoses. METHODS: We evaluated 149 patients who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2010. Tissue microarrays were constructed from hepatocellular carcinoma tissue and adjacent nontumor tissue, and immunohistochemistry was performed. RESULTS: A high periostin level was observed more frequently in cases of multiple tumors (odds ratio [OR], 2.826; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.224 to 6.527; p=0.013), positive microvascular invasion (OR, 2.974; 95% CI, 1.431 to 6.181; p=0.003), and advanced stage disease (OR, 3.032; 95% CI, 1.424 to 6.452; p=0.003). Patients with high periostin expression had significantly (p=0.002) lower overall survival rates than those with low periostin expression (90.3%, 66.1%, and 56.2% vs 97.7%, 85.1%, and 77.5% at 1, 3, and 5 years). CONCLUSIONS: We found that a combination of periostin overexpression and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma was correlated with a poor prognosis and can be a good prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis* ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Array Analysis

BACKGROUND: Chemerin is a novel adipokine that is associated with inflammation and adipogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether chemerin is involved in patients with cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether the serum chemerin levels of Korean patients with coronary artery disease correlated with specific cardiometabolic parameters. METHODS: In total, 131 patients, all of whom had coronary artery stenosis exceeding 50%, participated in this study. Their serum chemerin levels and cardiometabolic parameters were measured. The serum chemerin levels of two groups of patients were compared; those with one stenotic vessel (n=68) and those with multiple stenotic vessels, including left main coronary artery disease (n=63). RESULTS: Serum chemerin levels correlated positively with the degree of coronary artery stenosis and fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high sensitive C-reactive protein levels. The group with multiple stenotic vessels, including left main disease, had higher chemerin levels than the group with one stenotic vessel (t=-2.129, P=0.035). Multiple binary logistic regression showed chemerin was not an independent risk factor of multiple vessel disease (odds ratio, 1.018; confidence interval, 0.997 to 1.040; P=0.091). CONCLUSION: Serum chemerin levels have a significant correlation with several cardiometabolic risk factors and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in Korean patients with coronary artery disease. However, multiple binary logistic regression showed chemerin was not an independent risk factor of multiple vessel disease. Additional investigations are necessary to fully elucidate the role of chemerin in cardiovascular disease.
Adipogenesis ; Adipokines ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lipoproteins ; Logistic Models ; Risk Factors

Neointimal hyperplasia mainly develops within several months of coronary stent deployment, after which it stabilizes. Although it was widely accepted, particularly during the bare-metal stent (BMS) era, that in-stent restenosis (ISR) generally does not present as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but rather as a gradual recurrence of angina symptoms, recent data have shown that a substantial number of patients with ISR present as ACS. There has also been consistent postmortem evidence of plaque rupture secondary to atherosclerotic change within the neointima of a BMS. We report here a case of ACS in which intravascular ultrasound and optical coherent tomographic assessments revealed neointimal atherosclerotic change and ruptured plaque 10 years after BMS deployment.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Coronary Restenosis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Neointima ; Recurrence ; Rupture ; Stents

PURPOSE: The cutting seton technique is a world-wide operative method in management of a complex anal fistula. However it has still some risks of anal deformity and fecal incontinence because of sphincter injury, and also required two-stage operation under the anesthesia. We have modified this conventional method into sphincter-preserving technique using the seton and evaluated the clinical effect of patients with complex anal fistula. METHODS: The operative steps consisted of excision of the fistular tract without cutting the sphincter, and insertion of a non-absorbable suture material as a seton around the sphincter. When enough fibro-granulated tissues grew and pus discharge decreased markedly, the seton was just cut out from the wound without anesthesia at the outpatient basis. The clinical effect following treatment by using this method was assessed retrospectively in 81 patients, including 33 recurrent cases, who were treated during the four and a half-year period. RESULTS: The average follow-up period to remove the seton and to eradicate the fistula was 68.9+/-39.5 and 82.1+/-45.6 days, respectively. No patients experienced fecal incontinence after surgery. The fistula was healed without recurrence in 78 patients (96.3%), preserving integrity of the sphincter. Recurrence developed in 3 patients who had two suprasphincteric fistulas and one transsphincteric fistula with supralevator abscess. CONCLUSION: We suggest that this method is good for treating complex anal fistulas without two-stage operation because it has some advantages such as a lower recurrence, a lower functional impairment, and less anal deformity.
Abscess ; Anesthesia ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Fecal Incontinence ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Rectal Fistula* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Suppuration ; Sutures ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: The diagnosis of acute cholecystitis is usually made by performing ultrasonography or biliary scintigraphy. We have introduced the (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin (infecton) scan for diagnosing of acute cholecystitis. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin imaging in comparison with ultrasonographic findings for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. METHODS: Sixteen patients who were thought to have acute or chronic cholecystitis, based on the clinical and sonographic findings, were included in this study. We gave intravenous (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin to sixteen patients and we obtained the SPECT images after one hour. The final diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was made according to the pathologic reports. RESULTS: According to pathologic reports, out of the sixteen patients, twelve patients had acute cholecystitis and four patients had chronic cholecystitis. On the (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin scans, twelve patients had positive images showing acute cholecystitis on account of the hot uptake in the gallbladder and four patents had negative images showing chronic cholecystitis due to the negative uptake in the gallbladder. Among them, one false positive case and one false negative case were observed. With performing ultrasonography, twelve and four patients were diagnosed as having acute and chronic cholecystitis respectively. Out of them one false positive case and three false negative cases were observed. Based on the pathologic reports, (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin imaging has a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 75%. The ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 25%. CONCLUSION: As a result of comparing the sensitivity and specificity of the (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin scan with those of the ultrasonography, the (99m)Tc-ciprofloxacin scan is considered to be useful test method to diagnose acute cholecystitis.
Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute* ; Diagnosis* ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Ultrasonography