Purpose: : This study investigated the differences in system thinking and innovative behavior among nursing students, nursing managers, and nursing educators by implementing a table-top simulation. Methods: : This study used a non-equivalent pretest-posttest design. The game-based table-top simulation, Friday night at the ER® was separately implemented to three groups including 14 nursing students (on April 13, 2021), 15 nursing managers (on April 29, 2021), and 14 nursing educators (on January 25, 2022). The system thinking scale and innovative behavior scale were used to measure the effect of table-top simulation. Wilcoxon signed rank and Kruskal-Wallis test were utilized using the SPSS program for data analysis. Results: : There was no statistically significant increase in the pre- and post-scores of system thinking in each group. However, the innovative behavior scores significantly increased in all groups after simulation. There were no significant differences in systems thinking and innovative behavior among the three groups. Conclusion : The game-based table-top simulation provides motivation for innovative behavior through communication and teamwork among team members.

A study on objective personality characteristics of 41 central serous chorioretinopathy patients was performed to investigate the etiologic relationship of psychological behaviors about the central serous chorioretinopathy. Fourty-one healthy subjects were used as a control group. Authors used the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) which consisted of 4 validity scales and 10 clinical scales. Three neurotic scales of hypochondriasis, depression and hysteria in the atients group were significantly higher than in the normal control group even though the mean scores on each clinical scale were within normal ranges in both groups.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis ; Hysteria ; MMPI ; Reference Values ; Weights and Measures

Surgical method for blow out fracture of medial orbital wall is performed by medial canthotomy and subciliary incision or transconjunctival incision. However, these approaches can leave cosmetic problem due to skin incision and have a risk of infection and absorption of prosthetic implant for a large medial wall fracture. The authors performed endoscopic intranasal reconstruction of the isolated medial wall fracture in a case with significant functional impairment of extraocular muscle. After the incision of the middle turbinate, medial wall fracture was reconstructed with muco-periosteal flap under endoscopic control. We had a good result without intraoperative or postoperative complications caused by prosthetic implant. There was no disadvantage seen with the traditional approaches by medial canthotomy. Endoscopic intranasal reconstruction with muco-periosteal flap appears to be a new safe method for especially large defect.
Absorption ; Orbit* ; Postoperative Complications ; Skin ; Turbinates

Postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery is rare but may influence the final visual outcome markedly. The authors reviewed the clinical records of 16 patients who had been treated with the diagnosis of endophthalmitis after cataract surgeries from March. 1992. to September, 1995. We analysised their final visual outcomes according to cultured microorganisms, durations of symptom onset after the surgeries, the methods of antibiotic administration and treatment methods with or without vitrectomies. Final visual accuities were 0.5 or better in 50% of all eyes, 0.15 or better in 75% and light perception or worse in 4 eyes(25%). Twelve(75%) of all eyes were cultured in positive. Five of twelve culture proven cases were Staphylococcus epidermidis and five were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each case of Xanthomonas maltophilia and fluorescens were cultured. All 5 cases infected by gram positive organisms had got visual accuity of 0.15 or better but 4 of 7 eyes infected by gram negative ones had got. We treated 9 patients with intravitreal, subconjunctival and systemic antibiotics but did 7 without systemic antibiotics. Six cases(85.7%) of these had got visual accuity of 0.15 or better but 6 cases(66.7%) of those had got. One of five patients who had undergone therapeutic vitrectomies had got visual outcome of 0.15 or better but all eleven without vitrectomy had got.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cataract* ; Diagnosis ; Endophthalmitis* ; Humans ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: Strabismus fixus is a rare form of strabismus which is known for its difficulty to correct surgically, because it tends to go back to its previous state after the surgery. We report the case because we had successfully corrected the case of convergent strabismus fixus. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A 38-year-old female patient who had both medial rectus muscle tenotomy 10 years before was operated with both lateral rectus muscle resection, superior and inferior rectus muscle recession and temporary traction suture for 5 days, but it was dissatisfactory, so making a hole in the lateral orbital rim was performed by microdrill, with fixation of insertion site of the lateral rectus muscle to the lateral orbital rim by permanent traction suture. RESULTS: At three months after the surgery, patient appeared to be almost orthophoric at primary position. Eye movement was impossible but we had satisfactory result cosmetically. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that eyeball fixation to lateral orbital rim is an effective surgical procedure for the case of convergent strabismus fixus which was not corrected by previous surgical techniques.
Adult ; Esotropia* ; Eye Movements ; Female ; Humans ; Orbit ; Strabismus ; Sutures ; Tenotomy ; Traction

Ocular perforation during retinal reattachment surgery is very uncommon intraoperative complication.If globe rupture occurs, intraocular fluid leakage, ocular hypotony, and vitreous hemorrhage follow. Authors made an intraoperative ocular perforation inadvertently by scleral depressor on our patient who had a recurrent retinal detachment on his right eye. However, immediate scleral suture of the ruptured wound and balanced salt solution injection by pars plana route, and effective scleral exoplant maintained his retina anatomically flat. So, we present the case with a brief literatures review.
Aqueous Humor ; Humans ; Ocular Hypotension ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To observe the degree of damage in a 30-gauge injection needle by observing the changes in needle tip following an intravitreal injection with the use of a scanning electron microscope. METHODS: The present study evaluated 11 injection needles collected following the use of an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Ten unused injection needles were selected as the control group. Needle examination was performed using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Following 11 intravitreal injections, seven bent needle tips, two stubbed needle tips and two almost normal needle tips were observed following intravitreal injections. In the control group, a single damaged needle tip was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Significant damage to the needle tip was observed following intravitreal injection using a 30-gauge injection needle. The results indicate that needles should be manipulated carefully during an intravitreal injection. Additionally, in the control group where no procedures were performed, a single injection needle with damaged status was found. These results indicate that needles should be replaced in cases in which resistance is perceived during the procedure.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Electrons ; Intravitreal Injections ; Microscopy, Electron ; Needles ; Bevacizumab

A 53-year-old woman visited the Department of Rheumatology with a chief complaint of a 3-day history of fever and chills and also presented with pain occuring in both knees at the time of outpatient visit. Based on rheumatologic and hematological lab studies, ultrasonography, and a needle aspiration biopsy of the articular cavity, the patient was diagnosed with reactive arthritis. On hospitalization day 3, consultation with the Department of Ophthalmology was requested regarding decreased visual acuity lasting for 3 days. Upon ophthalmologic examination, the corrected visual acuity was 0.1 in the right eye and 0.05 in the left eye. Upon slit lamp microscopy, there were no abnormal findings in the anterior segment. Upon fundus examination, however, there were yellow-white lesions in the macular area of both eyes. Fluorescein angiographywas performed to assess the macular lesions, and the findings were suggestive of macular infarction in both eyes. Due to a lack of other underlying disease, a past surgical history, and a past history of drug administration, the patient was diagnosed with macular infarction in both eyes associated with reactive arthritis. To date, there have been no other such cases reported. In a patient with reactive arthritis, we experienced a case of macular infarction in both eyes, which occurred without association with a past history of specific drug use or underlying disease. Herein, we report our case, with a review of the literature.
Angiography ; Arthritis, Reactive/*complications/diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction/diagnosis/*etiology ; Macula Lutea/*blood supply ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

The presence of distinct bacterial species is found to be dependent on age, diet, and disease. We compared the detection rate of several oral bacterial strains in a cohort of 36 subjects including healthy volunteers, periodontal patients, and oral cancer patients. Gargling samples were obtained from these subjects from which DNA was then extracted. Specific primers for 29 bacterial species were used for PCR detection. In the oral cancer patients, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Gemella morbillorum, and Streptococcus salivarius were detected more frequently compared with the healthy volunteers and periodontitis patients. Fusobacterium nucleatum/polymorphym and Prevotella nigrescens were significantly less prevalent in oral cancer patients than the other groups. In periodontitis patients, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola were more frequently found compared with the healthy volunteers. In the healthy volunteer group, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius was more frequently found than the other groups. The detection rate of several oral bacterial species was thus found to differ between healthy volunteers, periodontitis patients and oral cancer patients.
Capnocytophaga ; Cohort Studies ; Diet ; DNA ; Fusobacterium ; Gemella ; Healthy Volunteers* ; Humans ; Microbiota* ; Mouth Neoplasms* ; Peptostreptococcus ; Periodontitis* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Prevotella nigrescens ; Streptococcus ; Treponema denticola

A 17-year-old man presented to us with a chief complaint of decreased visual acuity accompanied by central scotoma. There was nothing unusual in his medical history other than a recent oratorical contest. At the time of initial diagnosis, the corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye. No significant findings were apparent on ophthalmic evaluation. On fundoscopy, there was a dumbbell-shaped macular bleed with a well-defined margin in the left eye. The clinical course was closely monitored along with drug therapy. Four weeks post presentation, the pre-retinal hemorrhage had nearly resolved. On fluorescein angiography, no significant findings were observed. In the left eye, the corrected visual acuity had improved to 20/25. Valsalva retinopathy is a pathology that occurs when a sudden increase in intra-thoracic pressure or abdominal pressure occurs in an otherwise healthy person. Here we report a case of Valsalva retinopathy occurring following an oratorical contest along with a review of the relevant literature.
Adolescent ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; *Music ; Remission, Spontaneous ; Retinal Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; *Valsalva Maneuver ; Visual Acuity