Aspiration pneumonia rarely occurs during general anesthesia; however, it can result in fatal pulmonary complications. To reduce aspiration pneumonia, a preoperative fasting time of 8 hours is recommended. A 4-year-old boy with ankyloglossia was scheduled for frenotomy. He completed preoperative fasting time and had no digestive symptoms. Pulmonary aspiration due to unexpected massive vomiting occurred during anesthesia induction. The patient's airway was immediately secured by endotracheal tube. The vomitus in the airway tract was removed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Abdomen radiograph taken after this event showed paralytic ileus which can cause aspiration of gastric contents. We describe a case of pneumonia caused by aspiration of gastric contents in a pediatric patient who followed fasting instructions and who was scheduled for outpatient surgery.
Abdomen ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Bronchoscopy ; Child, Preschool ; Fasting* ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Aspiration* ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans* ; Pituitary Gland*

No abstract available.
Myocutaneous Flap* ; Pressure Ulcer*

Penile epispadias is extremely rare congenital anomaly. Four cases of epispadias. two of which were penile. one was penopubic and one was subsymphyseal epispadias, had been reported previously in our department. We have experienced another case of penile epispadias. Herein this case of penile epispadias have been presented. A 7-year-old boy visited this clinic for short, broad based 'tent-like' penis with complete phimosis. The glans could not be inspected due to phimosis and a gutter was palpated between the two corpora. Voiding cystourethrogram revealed dorsally displaced urethra. There was no combined urological symptoms such as dysuria, frequency in urination or urinary incontinence. Urethral reconstruction by Young's method has been performed with excellent result.
Child ; Dysuria ; Epispadias* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; Phimosis ; Urethra ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urination

The AIDS is a serious health problem worldwide today and also in Korea. Increasing knowledge and modification of behavior by health education is an important goal of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) prevention strategies. And school health education is an important part of health education. This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitude about AIDS in teachers and professors in Taegu City and to provide the basic data for school health education. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 1,124 teachers and professors from April to June 1992. Indeed, the majority of the teachers and professors have a lot of knowledges about AIDS, but many of them also have misconceptions. The level of knowledge about AIDS was positively associated with attitude toward infected students. The sources of knowledge about AIDS were mainly TV, newspapers and magazines, but a few of the subjects obtained their knowledge from health education programs. This study suggest., that the reinforcement of health education for the teachers, professors and students be needed to provide the accurate knowledge on AIDS and adequate knowledge sources and materials for school health education on AIDS should be developed.
Daegu* ; Education ; Health Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Periodicals ; Periodicals as Topic ; School Health Services

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

The purpose of this study was to assess the morbidity pattern of urban residents in the poor area by health screening for the community diagnosis. The items of health screening were history taking and physical examination by medical doctor and hearing test, check blood pressure, test for hematocrit, liver function (sGOT, sGPT), urine sugar and protein, and chest X-ray. The examinee in health screening were 437 persons and they occupied 16.9% of total residents in the poor area. Male examinee were 129 persons (9.9% of total residents) and female examinee were 308 persons (23.9% of total residents). Age group of above sixty years old, 42.0% of total residents in the poor area were participated, but only 5.9% were participated in age group of 10 to 19 years old. Among the 437 examinee, 191 persons (43.7%) had one or more abnormal findings in health screening. In male 38.7% had abnormal findings, and somewhat lower than that of female (45.8%). Age group of above sixty years had most high rate of abnormal findings (69.8%), in contrast to age group of 10 to 19 years old (10.9%). Diseases of the digestive system was the most common and which occupies 23.7% of total abnormal findings. And diseases of the circulatory system occupied 19.7%. Low hematocrit (14.6% of total participants of 437 persons) occupies the most common abnormal findings for screening test (hematocrit, blood pressure, hearing test, sGOT/sGPT, urine protein and urine sugar, chest X-ray) and high blood pressure (10.1%) occupied second, third; hearing impairment (5.5%), fourth; abnormal liver function (4.1%), fifth; sugar in urine (2.3%), sixth; protein in urine (1.4%) and lastly abnormal chest X-ray (0.9%). The positive rate of abnormal findings in health screening was very high compared with morbidity rate by health interview. It is supposed that some portion of this high rate is by selection bias in examinee in health screening specially high participating rate in older age, and the other portion is due to the low socioeconomic status and bad environment of the residents of the poor area. These findings will be good information for the research and development of health care system in the urban poor area.
Blood Pressure ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Digestive System ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Tests ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Liver ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Physical Examination ; Selection Bias ; Social Class ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice* ; T-Lymphocytes*

Genes of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in various cancer tissues. In order to use CTAs as cancer diagnosis marker, we developed molecular method for detection of CTAs transcripts in tissue. In order to know the applicability of DNA of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) on cancer diagnosis, molecular diagnostic methods for detection of gene expression of melanoma antigen gene (MAGE), GAGE, and B melanoma antigen (BAGE) was studied. After comparing DNA sequences of CTAs, S1/AS1 and S2/AS2, GAGE-S/ GAGE-AS, and BAGE-S/BAGE-AS primers were designed for the detection of MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGEs, respectively. The gene expression of CTAs in cancer cell lines, head and neck cancer tissues, ovary cancer tissue, and peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using these primers. The MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGE genes were expressed in 8/8 (100%), 5/8 (62.5%) and 1/8 (12.5%) of head and neck cancer tissues, respectively. The gene expression of MAGEs were also detected in 8/10 (80%) of ovary cancer tissues and in 9/10 (90%) of peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients in RT-PCR test using S1/AS1 primers. The results of this study suggest that molecular diagnosis method using CTAs genes, especially RT-PCR using S1/AS1 primer combination, is useful for diagnosis of cancer and it will be used for the prediction of cancer progression or regression and metastasis in future.
Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pathology, Molecular ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Testis*

Induced hypotensive anesthesia is well known anesthetic method. It reduces bleeding into surgical field and provides better visibility for the surgery of cerebral aneurysm. The most current method for induced hypotensive anesthesia is composed of general anesthesia and ganglionic blockade. This study was performed to compare the clinical experience from hypotensive anesthesia with halothane only to hypotensive anesthesia with trimetaphan and halothane. The results of our study were as follows; 1) There are no different technical difficulties during hypotensive anesthesia between halothane induced cases and trimetaphan used cases. 2) No clinical evidence of direct organic damage because of hypotensive anesthesia was found. 3) The prognosis of postoperative recovery may deeply related to preoperative physical state than anesthesia. To conclude through this experience, induced hypotensive anesthesia is a useful method for the cerebral aneurysmal surgery. The technique of deliberate hypotension is not too difficult to use in ordinary equiped hospital.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Ganglion Cysts ; Halothane* ; Hemorrhage ; Hypotension ; Hypotension, Controlled* ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Trimethaphan*