Aspiration pneumonia rarely occurs during general anesthesia; however, it can result in fatal pulmonary complications. To reduce aspiration pneumonia, a preoperative fasting time of 8 hours is recommended. A 4-year-old boy with ankyloglossia was scheduled for frenotomy. He completed preoperative fasting time and had no digestive symptoms. Pulmonary aspiration due to unexpected massive vomiting occurred during anesthesia induction. The patient's airway was immediately secured by endotracheal tube. The vomitus in the airway tract was removed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Abdomen radiograph taken after this event showed paralytic ileus which can cause aspiration of gastric contents. We describe a case of pneumonia caused by aspiration of gastric contents in a pediatric patient who followed fasting instructions and who was scheduled for outpatient surgery.
Abdomen ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Bronchoscopy ; Child, Preschool ; Fasting* ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Aspiration* ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans* ; Pituitary Gland*

No abstract available.
Myocutaneous Flap* ; Pressure Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

The AIDS is a serious health problem worldwide today and also in Korea. Increasing knowledge and modification of behavior by health education is an important goal of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) prevention strategies. And school health education is an important part of health education. This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitude about AIDS in teachers and professors in Taegu City and to provide the basic data for school health education. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 1,124 teachers and professors from April to June 1992. Indeed, the majority of the teachers and professors have a lot of knowledges about AIDS, but many of them also have misconceptions. The level of knowledge about AIDS was positively associated with attitude toward infected students. The sources of knowledge about AIDS were mainly TV, newspapers and magazines, but a few of the subjects obtained their knowledge from health education programs. This study suggest., that the reinforcement of health education for the teachers, professors and students be needed to provide the accurate knowledge on AIDS and adequate knowledge sources and materials for school health education on AIDS should be developed.
Daegu* ; Education ; Health Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Periodicals ; Periodicals as Topic ; School Health Services

Penile epispadias is extremely rare congenital anomaly. Four cases of epispadias. two of which were penile. one was penopubic and one was subsymphyseal epispadias, had been reported previously in our department. We have experienced another case of penile epispadias. Herein this case of penile epispadias have been presented. A 7-year-old boy visited this clinic for short, broad based 'tent-like' penis with complete phimosis. The glans could not be inspected due to phimosis and a gutter was palpated between the two corpora. Voiding cystourethrogram revealed dorsally displaced urethra. There was no combined urological symptoms such as dysuria, frequency in urination or urinary incontinence. Urethral reconstruction by Young's method has been performed with excellent result.
Child ; Dysuria ; Epispadias* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; Phimosis ; Urethra ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urination

Effects of Ultratiolet (UV) light was studied in isolated thoracic aortae of rabbits and porcine coronary arteries. The following results were obtained. 1) Radiation of UV light did not affect both arterial rings in resting tension. 2) Both arterial preparations contracted with various vasoconstrictors (KCI,NE,PE,BayK 8644 and (+S202 etc.) were relaxed by UV light radiation in a radiation time-dependent fashion. 3) The magnitudes of the relaxation were not significantly different in both the rings with or without intact endothelium. 4) MB and LY markedldy reduced the UV light-induced relaxation in both the rings. 5) PP significantly attenuated the UV light-induced relaxation of rabbit thoracic aorta, but did not affect that of porcine coronary artery. 6) The UV Light-induced relaxation of porcine coronary artery was significantly attenuated by DT or NF, while that of rabbit thoracic aorta was not. 7) (+)S202 significantly potentiated the UV light-induced relaxation of porcine coronary artery contracted with KCI or Hist. Above results suggest that the UV light-induced relaxation of vascular smooth muscles is independent on the endothelium, and the relaxation results from primarily activation of guanylyl cyclase and is in part related to adenylyl cyclase and calcium metabolism. In adddition, a dihydropyridine calcium agonist, (+)S202, may sensitize vascular smooth muscle to the relaxing effect of UV light through some unknown mechanism.
Adenylyl Cyclases ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Calcium* ; Coronary Vessels ; Endothelium ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth* ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Rabbits ; Relaxation* ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vasoconstrictor Agents

Hypercalciuria is the most common metabolic abnormality in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and oral calcium tolerance test (OCTT) has been developed to diagnose various forms of hypercalciuria. 71 patients with calcium nephrolithiasis who had been admitted to the Dept. of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital during the period of 11/2years from Jan. 1984 to Jun. 1985, were studied for urinary calcium excretion by OCTT constituted of rigorous calcium restriction for 3 days, fasting and calcium loading. The following results were obtained. 1. Of the 71 patients, hypercalciuria was found in 43 cases (61%) and hyperuricosuria in 24 cases (33.8%). Hyperuricosuria was found more frequently in patients with hypercalciuria than patients with normocalciuria. 2. Of 43 cases with hypercalciuria, 11 cases (15%) were classified as absorptive type I, 14 cases (2O %) as absorptive type II 9 cases (13%) as renal hypercalciuria, and 3 cases (4%) as primary hyperparathyroidism. In the other 6 cases, the etiology of the hypercalciuria could not be defined by our simple OCTT. 3. In fasting, urinary Ca/Cr ratio was 0.052+/-0.025 in normocalciuria group, 0.068+/-0.018 in absorptive type I, 0.068+/-0.025 in absorptive type II group, and all these values were in normal limit. In renal hypercalciuria and primary hyperparathyroidism group, the ratios were 0.167+/-0.033 and 0.149+/-0.029, and these values were significantly higher than normal range. 4. After calcium loading, urinary Ca/Cr ratio was 0.105+/-0.041 in normocalciuria group, but in hypercalciuria groups, the ratios were markedly increased to 0.244+/-0.035 in absorptive type I, 0.288+/-0.042 in absorptive type II, 0.263+/-0.068 in renal hypercalciuria, 0.290+/-0.041 in primary hyperparathyroidism group. 5. In renal hypercalciuria, the ratio of renal calcium reabsorption was 97.8+/-O.9%, and tend to be lower than other subgroups of hypercalciuria and normocalciuria group. The ratio of renal phosphorus reabsorption did not show the difference of the values among the subgroups of hypercalciuria and normocalciuria group. OCTT using rigorous calcium restriction for 3 days is recommended as a relatively simple and reliable method of defining the etiology of hypercalciuria.
Busan ; Calcium* ; Diagnosis* ; Fasting ; Humans ; Hypercalciuria* ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Metabolism ; Nephrolithiasis* ; Phosphorus ; Reference Values ; Urolithiasis ; Urology

Cystadenomas are benign neoplasm in which the epithelium demonstrates adenomatous proliferation. Several morphologic variants of cystadenomas have bean described, including papillary-oncocytic, mucous, and seromucous subtypes. Cystadenomas arising from salivary glands are very rare and seromucous cystadenoma of parotid gland has not been reported in Korea so far. Cystadenomas of the parotid gland usually Present as asymptomatic slowly growing mass and those of the minor salivary glands produce smooth nodules that may be compressible. We performed a superficial parotidectomy in a patient with a seromucous cystadenoma. This may be the first report of seromucous cystadenoma of carotid gland in Korea.
Cystadenoma* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Korea ; Parotid Gland* ; Salivary Glands ; Salivary Glands, Minor

The cysteine proteases of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae are involved in metacercarial excystment, host immune modulation, and possibly in tissue penetration. In order to clarify the origin of the enzymes, 28 and 27 kDa cysteine proteases in metacercarial excretory-secretory products were purified through the FPLC system using Mono Q column chromatography. The polyclonal antibodies to the enzymes were produced in BALB/c mice. Immunolocalization studies revealed that both cysteine proteases were distributed at the linings of excretory bladder and excretory concretions of the metacercariae. It was suggested that the excretory epithelium of P. westermani undertake the secretory function of metacercarial cysteine proteases, in addition to its role as a route for eliminating waste products.
Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Computational Biology ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/analysis/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Paragonimus/anatomy & histology/*enzymology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't