The first case report of granular cell tumor was by Abrikossoff in 1926, the tumor has been named with more than 20 different synonyms. It is found usually in the tongue, oral cavity, and the skin. It occurs rarely in the esophagus. Esophageal granular cell tumor is a benign lesion which can be diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Large symptomatic lesion can be removed by polypectomy. A 29-year-old female visited our hospital for intermittent epigastric pain and anterior chest discomfort. Endoscopy showed a 0.6 *0.4 cm whitish yellow nodule in the mid-esophagus, 25 cm from the incisor teeth. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed with "O"-type rubber band for endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL). A case of esophageal granular cell tumor conformed by S-100 protein stain is reported with the review of literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Esophagus* ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Incisor ; Mouth ; Rubber ; S100 Proteins ; Skin ; Thorax ; Tongue ; Tooth

Thin study measured dietary intakes in late pregnancy and psychological stress during the period of gestation and examined the roles of diet and psychological stress in pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight. Study subjects were 98 pregnant women who delivered infants at 2 general hospitals in Taejon city. Mean weight gain during pregnancy was 14.6+/-4.89Kg. Mean infant birth weight was 3.39+/-0.62kg in males and 3.28+/-0.43Kg in females. Mean energy and protein intake levels were adequate, but mean iron and calcium intakes were only 61.2+/-14.9% and 79.1+/-18.2% of RDA, respectively. Fat intake which constitutes 22.0+/-4.3% of total energy intake, and animal protein intake which constitutes 22.0+/-4.3% of total energy intake, and animal protein intake which constitutes 53.7% of total protein intake were moderately high. Though mean energy, fat, animal protein, and meat protein intakes in the low psychological stress group were higher than those in the middle or high stress group, psychological stress did not significantly affect pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight. High intakes of nutrients except for dairy protein, iron, and niacin were associated with higher pregnancy weight gain and high intakes of protein and meat protein were associated with higher infant birth weight. It is concluded that dietary intakes during pregnancy has effects on pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight, and psychological stress has no direct effect on them.
Animals ; Birth Weight ; Calcium ; Daejeon* ; Diet ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron ; Male ; Meat ; Niacin ; Parturition* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Stress, Psychological* ; Weight Gain

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to report the outcomes of patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for refractory plantar fasciitis of the foot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 2005 to October 2006, a total of sixty-two patients with refractory plantar fasciitis were treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The main outcome measurements were visual analogue scale (VAS) and Roles and Maudsley score evaluated before treatment and at one and six months after treatment. RESULTS: Roles and Maudsley score was excellent (0%), good (6.4%), fair (35.4%) and poor (58.2%) before treatment which improved to excellent (56.5%), good (38.7%), fair (4.8%) and poor (0%) at final follow-up. VAS scores also significantly improved after ESWT (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between clinical results and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.102). CONCLUSION: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy appears to be an effective and safe treatment modality for refractory plantar fasciitis and may help the patient to avoid surgery for refractory heel pain.
Body Mass Index ; Fasciitis, Plantar* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Heel ; Humans ; Shock*

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate public opinion regarding personal health management service using Personal Health Record (PHR) in Korea. Specifically, the relationships between consumer's demographic characteristics, need for health information, consumer's benefit and concern, type of health information, type of management and security of patient information using PHR and attitude to PHR were explored. METHODS: A survey was conducted, using questionnaire developed by the study team based on literature review. Structured questionnaires were completed through a telephone survey for 715 consumers. RESULTS: A key finding was the significant difference for customer's attitude towards using PHR by customer's characteristics. Regarding factors affecting attitudes of customers with higher concern about their health, considering authorization level to access their private information and using reliable method to certificate were more likely to prefer PHR system positively. CONCLUSION: Public opinion is reflected in policy of health information. Meeting consumers' needs sufficiently, the goal of health information service to improve consumers' accessibility to and satisfaction will archive successfully.
Archives ; Health Records, Personal ; Humans ; Information Services ; Korea ; Public Opinion ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Telephone

PURPOSE: As growth hormone was reported to improve cavernosal nerve regeneration, we studied the action mechanism of growth hormone(GH) on the regeneration of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)-containing penile nerves after unilateral cavernous nerve neurotomy in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male rats were divided into three groups: sham operation(n=10); unilateral neurotomy of a 5mm segment of the cavernous nerve(n=10) and unilateral neurotomy with GH injection(n=10). Electrostimulation of the intact cavernous nerve was performed at 1 and 3 months after operation. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) diaphorase staining was used to identify nNOS in penile nerve fibers of the mid-shaft segment. The gene expression for nNOS, insulin like growth factor(IGF)-I and nerve growth factor(NGF) were investigated in corporal tissue by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) using specific oligonucleotide primers. RESULTS: Electrostimulation in the GH-treated group revealed a greater maximal intracavernosal pressure and a shorter latency period than in those given neurotomy alone at 3 months after operation. One month after unilateral neurotomy, both neurotomy alone and the GH-treated groups showed a significant decrease in NOS-containing nerve fibers in the dorsal and intracavernosal nerves on the side of neurotomy, however mRNA expression of nNOS and IGF-I showed a significant increase in GH-treated group. At 3 months, the number of NOS-containing nerve fibers in the neurotomy alone group did not increase while the GH-treated group showed a significant increase. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that GH significantly enhances the regeneration of NOS-containing fibers in the dorsal and intracavernosal nerves after unilateral cavernous nerve injury via IGF-I.
Animals ; DNA Primers ; Gene Expression ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; Male ; NAD ; Nerve Fibers ; Nerve Regeneration ; Nitric Oxide ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; RNA, Messenger

No abstract available.
Humans ; Referral and Consultation*

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to compare the effects of low frequency needle transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and high frequency needle TENS on experimental pain threshold. METHOD: Twenty two healthy adult subjects were assigned randomly to a low-TENS group or to a high-TENS group. Experimental pain threshold at forearm was determined with pain threshold of electrical simulation using surface electrode and needle electrode. RESULTS: Low-TENS group showed that pain relief was developed after 10 minutes and persisted 3 hours after treatment cessation. Low-TENS group showed a significant increase in experimental pain threshold opposing to high TENS group. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that effect of low frequency needle TENS therapy is better and longer than high frequency needle TENS therapy.
Adult* ; Electrodes ; Forearm ; Humans ; Needles* ; Pain Threshold* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation* ; Withholding Treatment

We reviewed articles to clarify the current evidence status for 1) types of cancer which related to benzene exposure, and 2) certain benzene exposure level which might cause the hematopoietic cancers. Hematopoietic function of the bone marrow is involved in the production of all blood cells types. The benzene metabolites including benzoquinone and mucoaldehyde affect hematopoietic stem cells as well as differentiation steps of progenitor cells for each blood cell. Hence, we concluded that benzene was associated with all lymphohematic carcinogenesis. First, it is supported by biological plausibility. Second, it is supported by meta-analysis although sing study did not show relationship due to lack of sample size or statistical power. More recent studies show lesser exposed level related to risk of cancer, compare to past studies did. Actually, early studies show the risk of malignancies in workers who exposed more than 200 ppm-years. However, only 0.5 to 1 ppm-year benzene exposed show significant linking to risk of malignancies in recent study. As reviewed research articles, we concluded that the relatively lower exposure level, such as 0.5–1 ppm-year, will be considering at risk of hematopoietic cancer. However, more research needs to be done on dose-response analysis.
Benzene ; Blood Cells ; Bone Marrow ; Carcinogenesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Leukemia ; Sample Size ; Stem Cells

Background and Objectives: This study investigated whether an artificial intelligence computer-assisted diagnosis (AI-CAD) software recently developed in our institution named the Severance Artificial intelligence program (SERA) could show similar diagnostic performance for thyroid cancers using ultrasonographic (US) images from a mobile phone (SERA_M) compared to using images directly downloaded from the pictures archive and communication system (PACS) (SERA_P). Materials and Methods: From October 2019 to December 2019, 259 thyroid nodules from 259 patients were included. SERA was run on original and mobile images to evaluate SERA_P and SERA_M. Nodules were categorized according to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS). To compare diagnostic performance, a logistic regression analysis was conducted using the Generalized Estimating Equation. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and compared using the Delong Method. Results: There were 40 cancers (15.4%) and 219 benign lesions (84.6%). The AUC and sensitivity of SERA_M (0.82 and 85%, respectively) were not statistically different from SERA_P (0.8 and 75%, respectively) (p=0.526 and p=0.091, respectively). The AUC of radiologists (0.856) was not significantly different compared to SERA_P and SERA_M (p=0.163 and p=0.414, respectively). The sensitivity of radiologists (77.5%) was not statistically different compared to SERA_P and SERA_M (p=0.739 and p=0.361, respectively). Conclusion AI-CAD software using pictures taken by a mobile phone showed comparable diagnostic performance with the same software using images directly from PACS.

PURPOSE: To compare the techniques and complications of intra-arterial port implantation for intra-arterialchemotherapy between PIPS and the port system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For intra-arterial port implantation, 27cases in 27 patients were retrospectively evalu-ated using PIPS(PIPS-200, William Cook Europe, Denmark) while for21 cases in 19 patients a pediatric ve-nous port system(Port-A-Cath, 5.8F, SIMS Deltec, U.S.A.) was used. Allintra-arterial port implantation was performed percuteneously in an angiographic ward. Hepatocellular carcinomawas diagnosed in 18 patients and hepatic metastasis in 16. Peripheral cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic gastric,ovarian, renal cell and colon carcinoma were included. We compared the techniques and complications between PIPSand the port system. The follow up period ranged from 23 to 494(mean, 163) days in PIPS and from 12 to 431(mean,150) days in the port system. RESULTS: In all cases, intra-arterial port implantations were technicallysuccessful. Port catheter tips were locat-ed in the common hepatic artery(n=8), proper hepatic artery(n=7), righthepatic artery(n=5), gastroduodenal artery(n=2), left hepatic artery(n=1), pancreaticoduodenal artery(n=1),inferior mesenteric artery(n=1), lum-bar artery(n=1), and renal artery(n=1) in PIPS, and in the proper hepaticartery(n=6), gastroduodenal artery(n=6), common hepatic artery(n=3), right hepatic artery(n=4), inferiormesenteric artery(n=1), and in-ternal iliac artery(n=1) in the port system. Port chambers were buried ininfrainguinal subcutaneous tissue. Using PIPS, complications developed in seven cases(25.9%) and of these, four(57.1%) were catheter or cham-ber related. In the port system, catheter or chamber related complications developedin four cases(19.0%). CONCLUSION: Because PIPS and the port system have relative merits and demetrits, successfulintra-arterial port implantation is possible if equipment is properly selected.
Catheters ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Colon ; Drug Therapy* ; Europe ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Vascular Access Devices