No abstract available.
Adult* ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study was attempted to investigate the prevalence of the expression of c-fos protein, TGF-alpha and -beta, PCNA , DNA ploidy pattern and histopathological parameters of giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone and to correlate with prognosis and to extend our understanding on tumorigenesis of GCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty eight cases of paraffin-embedded tissue were studied, classified as recurrent (5 cases) and non-recurrent group (12cases) within the limits of the cases which afforded surgical material on first operation. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in cellularity of stromal cells, atypia of stromal and giant cells, presence of hemorrhage and necrosis between recurrent and non-recurrent group. However, presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields in recurrent group was significantly higher than non-recurrent group (p<0.05). The immunoreactivity for PCNA was seen only in nuclei of stromal cells, whereas nuclei of giant cells showed negative staining. The positivity of PCNA revealed no significant difference between non-recurrent (mean; 40.9%) and recurrent group (34.4%). The expression of c-fos oncogene was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group, and 8 cases (66.7%) in non-recurrent group, and no significant difference was seen. No significant difference of expression of TGF-alpha was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group and in 11 cases (91.7%) in non-recurrent group. The expression of TGF-beta in stromal cells was significantly higher in non-recurrent group (80%) compared to recurrent group (100%) (p<0.05). In DNA analysis out of 18 cases, 4 cases (22.2%) were aneuploidy and 14 cases (77.8%) were diploidy. Among 4 aneuploidy cases, 3 cases (75%) had no recurrence, and 1 case (25%) had metastasis to lung and expired. No significant difference of DNA ploidy pattern was seen between the recurrent and non-recurrent group. CONCLUSION: Presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields and less expression of TGF-beta are related to higher possibility of recurrence and it is suggested that the number of mitotic figure (more than 10/10HPF) and expression of TGF-beta could be helpful parameters in predicting recurrence of GCT.
Aneuploidy ; Carcinogenesis ; Diploidy ; DNA* ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Necrosis ; Negative Staining ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogenes ; Ploidies ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Recurrence ; Stromal Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors*

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation commonly results in sympathetic stimulation manifested by increased heart rate and arterial blood pressure. This study was carried out to determine whether lightwand would result in less hemodynamic changes than direct laryngoscopy. METHODS: With informed consent, fourty healthy female patients scheduled of elective surgical procedures were randomly allocated into two groups; lightwand (LW) or direct laryngoscopy (DL) group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded upon arrival. Under a standardized anesthetic technique, the patients were intubated either with no. 3 curved blade direct laryngoscopy (DL group) or with lightwand (LW group). The MAP and HR were recorded before intubation and every 1 minutes following intubaion. Time to intubation (TTI) was also recorded. All patients were intubated by a same fourth grade resident. RESULTS: Fourty patients were studied. Every intubation was successed in first attempt. The TTI was significantly shorter in LW group. Even while there was no significant difference in HR changes, there was significant difference in the increase of MAP following intubation. The increase of MAP was significantly greater with DL than with LW. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that lightwand intubation requires shorter TTI and may give rise to less blood pressure change than direct laryngoscopy. So we found no difference in disadvantage and may offers advantage in terms of hemodynamic stability.
Arterial Pressure* ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Laryngoscopy* ; Surgical Procedures, Elective

The use of recombinant DNA technology to produce human growth hormone has resulted in a marked increase in availability of Growth Hormone(GH) to treat short stature due to GH deficiency and other conditions, such as Turner syndrome, familial short stature, chronic renal insufficiency and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). But, the GH therapy may result in the adverse events such as sodium and water retention, pseudotumor cerebri, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, growth of nevi, recurrence of tumor. We experienced a case of severe hypertension associated with GH therapy in a 14-year-old male who presented high blood pressure up to 190/100 mmHg and normalized at 2-3 weeks after discontinuation of GH. Therefore, we think that the blood pressure should be carefully monitored during GH therapy.
Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; DNA, Recombinant ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Growth Hormone* ; Human Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Nevus ; Noonan Syndrome ; Pseudotumor Cerebri ; Recurrence ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses ; Sodium

Epilepsy can be defined as a paroxysmal, neuronal discharge within the brain originating from either corticalor sugcortical regions. The incidence of epilepsy is increasing possibly due to the survival of persons who shouldhave died of brain injuries or other cerebral abnormalities acquired in earlylife. the use of abtibiotics andimprovement in the medical care have saved many children who might have died of meningitis, brain abscess,encephalitis, severe head injuries, etc. CCT scan is new radiologic procedure for defining cranial andintracranial structures and also an useful procedure for evaluation and follow-up(FU) of patient with focalseizure disorder. Recently we experienced nodules which were isodense or hypodense on initial noncontrasted CT(NECT) and scans became hyperdense of the enhancement in 4 cases of focal epileptic seizures. Nearly completedisappearance or regression of the epileptic foci occurred on the FU CT scans in 2 cases. Operation was performedin 2 cases. The tissue specimen obtianed from the CT nodule revealed cerebral edema in one case and localizedgliosis and congestion in the other. All the patients showed marked clinical improvement when the CT noduleimporved. Review of literature failed to disclose any previous report on such observation.
Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Child ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Epilepsy ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Humans ; Incidence ; Meningitis ; Neurons ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This study examined the effects of aging on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-positive neurons of the cerebral cortex in young (4 months) and aged (24 months) Wistar rats. Expressional change was assessed by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by cells containing NOS, and NADPH-diaphorase is a selective histochemical marker for the NOS in the brain. In this study, the coexistence of NADPH-d and VIP was not found in the cerebral cortex of both groups. In the aged group, the number of NADPH-d positive neurons was not significantly changed in cerebral cortex than control groups. However, the number of VIP positive neurons was significantly decreased in cerebral cortex of the aged rats. NADPH-d and VIP positive neurons exhibited morphological characteristics of multipolar or bipolar in most neurons. In the aged group, NADPH-d and VIP positive nerve fibers were more irregular and tortuous compared to the control group. Perikaryal size of NADPH-d positive neurons was not significantly different in both groups. However, significant shrinkage of VIP positive neurons was found in the aged group. The enzyme activity of NADPH-d was increased in the aged group.The basal level of mRNA for NOS and VIP was detected in the cerebral cortex of control group. The expression level of iNOS mRNA was decreased in the aged group. The mRNA for nNOS, eNOS and VIP was not significantly different in both groups. The selective depletion and atrophy VIP positive neurons from the cerebral cortex of aged rats may reflect an increased vulnerability of VIP positive neurons to the aging process compared with NOS positive neurons.
Aging ; Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Fibers ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; RNA, Messenger ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide*

No abstract available.
Fibronectins* ; Granulation Tissue* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

The purpose of this study was to regenerate human dental pulp tissues similar to native pulp tissues. Using the mixture of type I collagen solution, primary cells collected from the different tissues (pulp, gingiva, and skin) and NIH 3T3 (1 x 10(5) cells/ml/well) were cultured at 12-well plate at 37degrees C for 14 days. Standardized photographs were taken with digital camera during 14 days and the diameter of the contracted collagen gel matrix was measured and statistically analyzed with student t-test. As one of the pulp tissue engineering, normal human dental pulp tissue and collagen gel matrix cultured with dental pulp cells for 14 days were fixed and stained with Hematoxyline & Eosin. According to this study, the results were as follows: 1. The contraction of collagen gel matrix cultured with pulp cells for 14 days was significantly higher than other fibroblasts (gingiva, skin) (p < 0.05). 2. The diameter of collagen gel matrix cultured with pulp cells was reduced to 70.4% after 7 days, and 57.1% after 14 days. 3. The collagen gel without any cells did not contract, whereas the collagen gel cultured with gingiva and skin showed mild contraction after 14 days (88.1% and 87.6% respectively). 4. The contraction of the collagen gel cultured with NIH 3T3 cells after 14 days was higher than those cultured with gingival and skin fibroblasts, but it was not statistically significant (72.1%, p > 0.05). 5. The collagen gel matrix cultured with pulp cells for 14 days showed similar shape with native pulp tissue without blood vessels. This approach may provide a means of engineering a variety of other oral tissue as well and these cell behaviors may provide information needed to establish pulp tissue engineering protocols.
Blood Vessels ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I* ; Dental Pulp* ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Fibroblasts ; Gingiva ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Skin ; Tissue Engineering*

In order to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic findings in the diagnosis of gastric can the endoscopic findings of gastric lesion were compared with the macroscopic and pathologic findings of excised identical lesion. 105 operated gastric cancer paitients (advanced cancer 95 cases, early cancer 10 cases) who were diagnosed endoscopically at Pusan National University Hospital from January 1983 to August 1987 were studied. The results were as follows; 1) The accuracy of endoscopic findings were 94.7% in the advanced gastric cancer, and 45.5% in the early gastric cancer. 2) The accuracy of gross findings endoscopic and pathologic in advanced gastric cancer were 50.0% in Borrmann type I, 45.0% in Borrmann type II, 73.2% in Borrmann type III, and 66.7% in Borrmann tyye IV. 3) The accuracy of the endoscopy ia morphologic classification of advanced gastric cancer according to pathologic tumor location were 60.0% in C (upper 1/3), 43.9% in M(middle 1/3),76.3% in A (lower 1/3), 55.6% in the anterior wall, 50.0% in the posterior wall, 66.7% in the greater curavature, and 67.2% in the lesser curvature. 4) The accuracy of endoacopy in morphologic classification of gastric cancer to tumor size ware 54.5% in below 2 cm, 54.5% in from 2.1 cm to 4 cm, 65.4% in from 4.1 cm to 6.0 cm, 80% in from 6.1 cm to 8 cm, 75.0% in above 8.1 cm. 5) The accuracy of endoscopy in the morphologic classification according to the pathologic tumor stage in advanced gastric cancer were 55.6% in TNM stage I, 52.0% in TNM stage II, 65.4% in TNM stage III, and 73,7% in TNM stage IV.
Busan ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of stereoscopic localization of nonpalpable breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 60 cases of stereotactic localization performed for lesions whichwere mammographically visible but not palpable. Each case was reviewed for chief complaint, indication oflocalization on a mammograph, location of the lesion, pathological diagnosis, and complications during and afterthe procedure. RESULTS: Most patients(75%) had no specific complaint. Among the 60 cases, microcalcification,mass and combined lesions were found in 34(57%), 12(20%), and 14 cases(23%), respectively. The most commonlocation of the lesion was the upper outer quadrant(29 cases). A histopathologic report was available in 56 of 60cases. Among 43 benign cases(76.8%), fibrocystic disease was most common(38 cases, 67.9%), while among 13malignant cases, ductal carcinoma was most common(9 cases, 16.1%). In four of 56 cases(7.1%), failure to removethe target lesion was identified. Retrospective analysis suggests that movement of the patient during theprocedure is the most likely cause of failure. There were no major complications. CONCLUSION: Stereotacticlocalization is simple and accurate, and compared with the conventional method, requires less experience on thepart of the practitioner. Movement of the patient during the procedure may be the major cause of failure.
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies