No abstract available.
Animals ; Cisplatin* ; Ditiocarb* ; Epithelium* ; Mice* ; Tongue*

PURPOSE: This paper provides basic clinical data on the treatment of scoliosis patients by analyzing the effects of the type and position of scoliosis on the static balance using Tetrax on adolescents who have balance disorders as a consequence of structural changes, such as scoliosis. METHODS: A total of 110 adolescents were divided into 6 groups according to the radiographs and 60 adolescents were sampled, 10 each for each group. The static balance was measured and analyzed on the existence of sight using Tetrax. RESULTS: The changes followed by existence of sight in static balance group showed a significant difference statistically in Stability index in all groups (p < 0.001). The changes in the static balance in each group in terms of the stability index were significant in all groups, where the experiments were performed under the eyes opened and eyes-closed condition (p < 0.01)(p < 0.001). The post-hoc comparison revealed the stability index to be the highest in the eyes-opened condition in group III, but not in group IV. In the eyes-closed condition, group III showed the highest stability index of all the groups. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with lumbar scoliosis had a lower static balance in single scoliosis with the eyes-closed condition or had little movement compensation. In addition, unlike the other normal scoliosis, back scoliosis has negative effects on the posture because it causes an increase in the disturbance of posture. Therefore, future studied will be needed to examine the imbalance of posture in people suffering from back pain.
Adolescent* ; Back Pain ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Posture ; Scoliosis*

No abstract available.
Acoustic Stimulation* ; Acoustics* ; Pregnancy, High-Risk*

After nephrectomy for non-malignant disease, primary tumors of the ureteric stump are extremely rare and present a significant diagnostic problem, and only few cases have been reported in the literature. The very rare adenocarcinoma of the ureter is typically papillary and is associated with urinary tract infection and stones. In adenocarcinoma, because it is often difficult to determine whether the tumor is primary or secondary due to the generalized instability of the urothelium, and its histogenesis and biologic behavior remain uncertain partially due to the rarity of this neoplasm, a diagnostic differentiation pathologically from other tumors is required. We herein describe a case of 68 year old man who had a primary well-differentiated papillary mucigenic. adenocarcinoma of the ureteric stump after nephrectomy for renal stones.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary* ; Aged ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Ureter* ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urothelium

We report a case of myiasis on the left submandibular area after radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma. A 77-year-old man visited our hospital, 7 weeks after complicating a course of radiation therapy, had a 7cm diameter necrotic ulcer on the left submandible. The margin of the lesion were undermined by numerous interlinking passages containing 20 maggots. The maggots were removed by simple extraction and were identified as Calliphoridae Lucilia. The probable origin of the myiasis in this case was attributed to poor environmental condition and general weakness of the patient. Oppotunistic cutaneous myiasis can be prevented by protecting open wounds from flies, wound should not be left without a covering capable of excluding flies, especially in the summer month.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diptera ; Humans ; Larva ; Myiasis* ; Ulcer ; Wounds and Injuries

Purpose: This study compared the functional and cosmetic treatment outcomes of intramedullary nailing (IM nail) and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distal tibia shaft fractures. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight patients with distal tibia shaft fractures (distal 1/3 of the diaphysis, AO/OTA [AO Foundation/ Orthopaedic Trauma Association]) 43 managed by an IM nail (n=30) or MIPO (n=18) who had minimum one-year follow-up were enrolled in this study. The radiological, functional, and cosmetic outcomes in the two groups were compared retrospectively. Results: All patients achieved bone union. The mean bone union time of the IM nail and MIPO groups was 18.5 and 22.6 weeks, respectively (p=0.078). One patient in the MIPO group showed posterior angulation and valgus deformity of more than five degrees. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) functional scores were similar: 83.3 in the IM nail group and 84.6 in the MIPO group (p=0.289). The most salient difference was the cosmetic result of the surgical scar. The length of the scars around the ankle in the IM nail group was significantly smaller than the MIPO group (2.6 cm vs. 10.6 cm; p=0.035). The patient satisfaction survey of surgical scars revealed a significantly higher satisfaction rate in the IM nail group than in the MIPO group (93% vs. 44%; p<0.001). Conclusion This study showed that both treatment methods for distal tibia shaft fractures have similar therapeutic efficacy regarding the radiological and functional outcomes. On the other hand, the IM nail technique showed superior cosmetic outcomes than the MIPO technique. IM nails may be more recommended in patients with high demand for cosmetic results.

In this article, the sixth author's affiliation was misprinted unintentionally.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gout is a common inf lammatory arthritis triggered by the crystallization of uric acid in the joints. Serum uric acid levels are highly heritable, suggesting a strong genetic component. Independent studies to confirm the genetic associations with gout in various ethnic populations are warranted. We investigated the association of polymorphisms in the ABCG2 and SLC2A9 genes with gout in Korean patients and healthy individuals. METHODS: We consecutively enrolled 109 patients with gout and 102 healthy controls. The diagnosis of gout was based on the preliminary criteria of the America College of Rheumatology. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples. We identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) changes in the ABCG2 and SLC2A9 genes using a direct sequencing technique. rs2231142 in ABCG2 and rs6449213 and rs16890979 in SLC2A9 and nearby regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Patients with gout had significantly higher A/A genotype (29.3% vs. 4.9%, respectively) and A allele (52.8% vs. 26.5%, respectively) frequencies of rs2231142 in ABCG2 than did controls (chi2 = 29.42, p < 0.001; odds ratio, 3.32; 95% confidence interval, 2.11 to 5.20). We found novel polymorphisms (c.881A>G and c.1002+78G>A) in the SLC2A9 gene. The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the c.881A>G and c.1002+78G>A SNPs were significantly higher in patients than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated a significant association between rs2231142 in the ABCG2 gene and gout and identified novel SNPs, c.881A>G and c.1002+78G>A, in the SLC2A9 gene that may be associated with gout in a Korean population.
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/*genetics ; Arthritis, Gouty/blood/diagnosis/ethnology/*genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Biomarkers/blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative/*genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Odds Ratio ; Phenotype ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Uric Acid/blood

Trichotillomania (TTM) is a disorder characterized by repetitive hair pulling, frequently from the scalp and/or eyebrows, leading to noticeable hair loss and functional impairment. TTM remains a poorly understood and inadequately treated disorder despite increased recognition of its prevalence. We review available neuroimaging studies conducted in patients with TTM, covering structural and functional neuroimaging in turn. Data from patients' structural and functional neuroimaging results enabled us to identify the neural circuitry involved in the manifestation of hair pulling. Finally, we highlighted the future importance of neuroimaging studies in children and adolescents with TTM.
Adolescent ; Brain ; Child ; Eyebrows ; Functional Neuroimaging ; Hair ; Humans ; Neuroimaging ; Prevalence ; Scalp ; Trichotillomania

To examine the effect of obesity on volume perception according to size and color of rice bowl, we divided female college students into a normal weight group (<30% fat mass, n=100) and obese group (> or =30% fat mass, n=83) and then measured perceived volume of rice bowls of various sizes (general size; 350 ml vs. small size; 188 ml) and color (yellow, white, blue, and black) containing the same amount of cooked white rice (210 g). Normal weight group perceived that the general rice bowl contained significantly more cooked white rice compared to the small rice bowl. In contrast, the obese group perceived that the general rice bowl contained significantly less cooked white rice than the small rice bowl. The estimated variance in perceived volume of both bowls was significantly bigger in the obese group compared to the normal group. There were no differences in perceived volume among any of the subjects (both normal and obese groups) according to rice bowl color. However, the estimated variance in perceived volume in the obese group was significantly larger than that in the normal group for all of the rice bowls. In conclusion, rice bowl size and color might affect volume perception, and volume perception in obese people may be different from that of normal weight people.
Female ; Humans ; Obesity