Growth stimulatory/inhibitory factors and their receptors are the important mediators of control of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of this study was to observe the distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor-beta1 type II receptor (TbetaRII) during carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue from 25 oral leukoplakias (OL) and 15 OSCC was immunostained by avidin-biotin complex method. In OSCC, the carcinomatous area and the adjacent dysplastic/ hyperplastic area were examined. In OL, the hyperplasia and the epithelial dysplasia were examined. Monoclonal anti-EGFR Ab and polyclonal anti-TbetaRII Ab were applied. EGFR was mainly expressed in the basal layer and was increased with epithelial dysplasia in OL. TbetaRII was not detected in the basal cell layer and dysplastic area in OL. In contrast, the dysplastic area adjacent to OSCC showed positivity in the entire layer including the dysplastic area. In all cases of OSCC, both EGFR and TbetaRII showed positive reactions. EGFR was increased with the progression to the malignancy, and the expression pattern of TbetaR II was altered to be positive in the basal cell layer with progression to malignancy. These results suggest that the expression of EGFR appeared to be an early event and TbetaR II may be related to malignant transformation during oral carcinogenesis. The expression pattern of EGFR and TbetaR II may contribute to predict the risk of the development of carcinoma in oral premalignant lesions.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Epithelial Cells ; Formaldehyde ; Hyperplasia ; Leukoplakia, Oral* ; Paraffin ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor*

A congenital salivary gland tumor, sialoblastoma, is extremely rare. A sialoblastoma of the parotid gland, occurring in a 28-week old fetus, is described. The histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of this tumor were studied. The tumor was characterized by solid nests or sheets of tumor cells intermingled with ductal structures lined by a columnar cells. Some of the tumor cells showed squamous differentiation. Immunohistochemically, these epidermoid cells reacted positively with anti-cytokeratin. But anti-S-100, anti- vimentin, anti-smooth muscle actin, anti-GFAP positive cells were not found. The ultrastructure was characterized by primitive epithelial cells. Although various names have been proposed, we favored the term "sialoblastoma". The histogenesis of this tumor is also discussed.
Actins ; Epithelial Cells ; Fetus ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Glands ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic derangements of cardiac tamponade are generally believed to result from compression of the cardiac chambers, which limits diastolic filling. The character and magnitude of the alternation are determined by the compliance characteristics of the pericardium and the total pericardial fluid volume. During serial pericardial fluid withdrawal, improvement of hemodynamic alternations is expected in patients with pericardial effusion. Method : Hemodynamic study was performed before and during serial fluid drainage in 11 patients with chronic moderate to severe pericardial effusion. RESULTS: 1) Intrapericardial pressure was elevated and equal to mean right atrial ventricular diastolic, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Pulmonary arterial and right ventricular systolic pressure were also midly elevated equal to one another. 2) Pericardial fluid was gradually removed in 50ml aliquots in all patients. The most significant hemodynamic improvement occured during intial 50mL withdrawal. Futher drainage of intrapericardial fluid was accompanied by slight hemodynamic improvement. 3) There were significant correlations between total pericardial fluid volume and intrapericardial and right atrial pressure (r=0.75 (p<0.005), r=0.71(p<0.01)). Correlations between intrapericardial pressure and right atrial, right ventricular diastolic and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were also significant. 4) Two groups of patient could be distinguished based upon intrapericardial pressure as 7mmHg. More significant hemodynamic changes were in 6 patients with higher intrapericardial pressure after withdrawal of 200mL fluid. CONCLUSION: In chronic moderate to severe pericardial effusion, the most significant hemodynamic improvement occurred during initial fluid drainage. Early pericardiocentesis is important in management of pericardial effusion with high intrapericardial pressure.
Atrial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Tamponade ; Compliance ; Drainage* ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Pericardiocentesis ; Pericardium ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

The diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder is difficult in that the symptoms and cystoscopic findings are nonspecific. The cytology of urine could be helpful for diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder. We present a case of bladder washing cytology of carcinoma in situ. A 54-year-old man presented with dysuria for 1 year. Cystoscopic findings revealed multifocal reddish trabeculated lesions. The bladder washing cytology revealed rather uniform tumor cells which were singly scattered or forming syncytium in the clean background. The nuclei were round to oval with inconspicious nucleoli. The cystoscopic biopsy revealed typical histologic features of carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Dysuria ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Middle Aged ; Thymoma ; Urinary Bladder

Cytologic findings of pleural effusion in three cases of rhabdomyosarcoma are reported. Case 1 was a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma which had devoped at the chest wall of an elderly male patient and caused pleural effusion. The cytologic features were consistent with pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, that was, showing loose clusters, cellular pleomorphism, and abundant finely vesicular cytoplasm. Cases 2 and 3 were embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas in young adults. Primary site was the oral cavity in case 1, but unknown in case 2 and case 3. The effusion cytology was similar in these cases. Clustered or isolated small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scanty cytoplasm were smeared. The cohesiveness of tumor cells was weak and the cells did not show linear arrangement or nuclear molding. Effusion cytology in a sarcoma patient would be diagnostic when the primary site and the type of sarcoma were already known.
Aged ; Cytoplasm ; Fungi ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; Pleural Effusion ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; Sarcoma ; Thoracic Wall ; Young Adult

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the liver is an extremely rare malignancy with poor prognosis. To our knowledge, 5 cases have been reported in English literatures, but there was no report about fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) features. We experienced a case of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the liver obtained by computed tomography(CT)-guided FNAC and needle biopsy. The cytologic findings mimicked giant cell tumor of the bone. A large hepatic mass of the left lobe with abdominal wall invasion was found by CT in a 46- year-old female complaining of epigastric pain. The FNAC showed moderately cellular smears consisting of osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear cells, which were individually scattered or intermingled in clusters. The osteoclast-like giant cells had abundant cytoplasms and multiple small round nuclei with fine chromatin and distinct nucleoli. The mononuclear cells had moderate amount of cytoplasm and relatively bland-looking oval nuclei with single small nucleoli. All of the cytologic features recapitulated the histologic findings of bland-looking osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells evenly dispersed throughout the background of mononuclear cell. The immunohistochemical study showed positive reaction for CD68 and vimentin, but negative for cytokeratin in both osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear cells.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the Self Efficacy Promotion and Exercise Program to prevent of obesity and cardiovascular diseases for the kidney transplant recipients. The subjects were selected randomly among the patients who underwent kidney transplantations at one major transplantation hospital in Seoul, Korea. This study ws carried out between November 23, 1999 and February 15, 2000. The subjects in this study consisted of 16 patients who had kidney transplantations between 1 month and 12 months ago prior to this study. They were all on steroids therapy and did not take any physical exercise regularly. The subjects received the self efficacy promotion and exercise program for 12 weeks which contained self efficacy promotion education and exercise program. The weight, body fat rate, exercise time and cardiopulmonary function were evaluated before the experiment and after the experiment. The results were as follows: 1. After the experiment, the weight was significantly decreased than that of before the experiment(p=.0001). 2. After the experiment, the body fat rate was significantly decreased than that of before the experiment(p=.0010). 3. After the experiment, the exercise time was significantly increased than that of before the experiment(p=.0002). 4. After the experiment, the absolute VO2 was significantly increased than that of before the experiment(p=.0008). 5. After the experiment, the relative VO2 was significantly increased than that of before the experiment(p=.0002). This study showed that the self efficacy promotion and exercise program was effective. So it would be expected that this self efficacy promotion and exercise program could be applied as an effective independent nursing intervention widely in prevention of obesity and cardiovascular diseases for kidney transplant recipients.
Adipose Tissue ; Body Weight* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Education ; Exercise ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Nursing ; Obesity ; Self Efficacy* ; Seoul ; Steroids ; Transplantation*

The purpose of this study is to act nursing intervention strategies to promote quality of life (QOL) in Spinal Cord Injury patients. Therefore, the study is designed to evaluate religion, marital status, educational background economic status, level of injury, voiding pattern, transportation by driving, rehabilitation education, self-concept, sexual status, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL, perceived hopelessness, personality and pain for QOL at the same time. It was gathered empirical data was collected using a self report questionnaire from 61 patients during a six month period after SCI at 5 general hospitals, at 2 rehabilitation centers and at 2 rehabilitation schools located in Seoul, Dae-jeon city, and Kyung-ki province from Jun. 18, 1999 through Sep. 28, 1999. The reliability of the 19 instruments was tested with Cronbach's alpha which ranged from .6319 to .9769. For the data analysis a SAS program was used for Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows; 1. The mean of total item score in the QOL scale was 2.814, which showed a much lower score than the cancer points. 2. There was a significant correlation between self concept, transportation by driving, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL and QOL.(gamma= .27~-.79, p< .05) 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that; a) Depression was the main predictor of QOL and account for 53.7% of the variance in QOL. b) Hope, ecomic status and body satisfaction accounted for 8%, 4%, 3.4% respectively and these variables combined accounted for 69.2% of the variance in QOL. In conclusion, to begin with, it is important to reduce depression and to help for SCI points to inspire hope, economic status and body satisfaction. That will be short cut for nursing strategies to enhance QOL.
Activities of Daily Living ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hope ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Self Concept ; Self Report ; Seoul ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Statistics as Topic ; Transportation