Regardless of the any cause leg ulcers are painful and inconvenient to patients and present clinical and economic problems due to their chronicity. Conventional skin grafts, cultured allogenic epidermis, and cultured autologous epidermis have been used for the treatment of leg ulcers. In a twenty-year-old woman with leg ulcers, autologous pure epidermal sheets were obtained from the lower chest by means of suction blisters and grafted to the leg ulcers. All lesions were healed completely in 20 days after grafting. The donor sites showed slight postinflammatory hyperpigmentations without scars. The autologous epidermal graft using suction blisters appears to be a useful method for the treatment of leg ulcers, with no immunologic rejection, no need for cultivation and anesthesia, no desiccation, and no scars on the donor sites.
Anesthesia ; Blister* ; Cicatrix ; Desiccation ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Ulcer* ; Leg* ; Methods ; Skin ; Suction* ; Thorax ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of body composition, eating habits and dietary intake in three Sasang constitutions. This survey was carried out using anthropometry, a questionnaire about eating habits, and 24-hour recall of dietary intake on 45 male and 29 female students of the fifth grade at C elementary school. The results are summarized as follows: A total of 44.6% of the subjects were Taeumin, 35.1% were Soyangin, and 20.3% were Soeumin. The average weight, WHR, Triceps, Rhrer index and BMI in the Taeumin group were significantly higher than those of the Soeumin and Soyangin groups. The body fat mass (kg) and abdominal fat (%) in the Taeumin group were significantly higher than those of the Soeumin and Soyangin groups. The soft body mass (%) in the Soeumin group was significantly higher than that of the Soeumi and Soyangin groups. The Taeumin's energy expenditure in physical activities was little high than that of the Soyangin and Soeumin groups, but the Soyangin's energy expenditure in physical activities per weight was a little higher than that of the Taeumin and Soeumin groups. The calorie and most of the nutrient intake were lower than those of Korean RDA. In the case of males, most nutrient intake, except for fiber, carotene and vitamin C were high in the Taeumin. For females, most nutrient intake, except for calcium and retinol were significantly higher in the Taeumin group. Conclusively, anthropometry characteristics, body composition, energy expenditure in physical activities, eating habits and dietary intake are different among the three Sasang constitutions. This study suggests the possibility of using Sasang consitutions as a basis for providing nutritional education and health guidelines.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue ; Anthropometry ; Ascorbic Acid ; Body Composition* ; Calcium ; Carotenoids ; Child* ; Constitution and Bylaws* ; Eating* ; Education ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Vitamin A ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated with a insignificant skin lesion, keratitis, encephalitis, congenital infection, sexually transmitted disease, or cervix cancer. There are two types of serogroup, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 makes the lesion mainly on the above-waist area and HSV-2 makes the lesion mainly on the below-waist area. To diagnose the HSV infection, immunological or cultural methods usually have been used until now. But they are not satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and ease of application. Recently the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. Because of the exponential nature of the amplification, this method can detect extremely small amount of DNA. We compared nested PCR with cultural method for HSV detection. METHODS: We obtained 61 specimens from the lesions of oral mucosa, face, and genital area. Samples were inoculated into the monolayer from the African green monkey kidney cell(Vero). When the slide showed cytopathic effect(CPE), HSV infection was confirmed, After extracting DNA from 61 samples, we amplified HSV DNA using nested PCR with the primers against the gene encoding glycoprotein (gD) of HSV-1 and HSV-2. RESULTS: We found 632 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 271 bp band after the 2nd PCR round with HSV-1 specific primers. HSV-2 revealed 428 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 231 bp band after the 2nd PCR round. Nested PCR showed analytical sensitivity at 10(-9) g of DNA in HSV-1 and 10(-10) g of DNA in HSV-2. Viral culture was positive in 36%, nested PCR detected HSV DNA sequence in 54% of samples. Nested PCR typed HSV, HSV-1 in 67%, HSV-2 in 39%, and mixed type in 6% of PCR-positive samples. All isolates from above-waist area were HSV-1. Seventy seven percent of 13 isolates from below-waist area were HSV-2 and 38% were HSV-1. CONCLUSIONS: Nested PCR offers a rapid, simple, and sensitive test for HSV infections of skin and mucosa.
Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; DNA ; Encephalitis ; Glycoproteins ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Keratitis ; Kidney ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated with a insignificant skin lesion, keratitis, encephalitis, congenital infection, sexually transmitted disease, or cervix cancer. There are two types of serogroup, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 makes the lesion mainly on the above-waist area and HSV-2 makes the lesion mainly on the below-waist area. To diagnose the HSV infection, immunological or cultural methods usually have been used until now. But they are not satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and ease of application. Recently the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed. Because of the exponential nature of the amplification, this method can detect extremely small amount of DNA. We compared nested PCR with cultural method for HSV detection. METHODS: We obtained 61 specimens from the lesions of oral mucosa, face, and genital area. Samples were inoculated into the monolayer from the African green monkey kidney cell(Vero). When the slide showed cytopathic effect(CPE), HSV infection was confirmed, After extracting DNA from 61 samples, we amplified HSV DNA using nested PCR with the primers against the gene encoding glycoprotein (gD) of HSV-1 and HSV-2. RESULTS: We found 632 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 271 bp band after the 2nd PCR round with HSV-1 specific primers. HSV-2 revealed 428 bp band after the 1st PCR round and 231 bp band after the 2nd PCR round. Nested PCR showed analytical sensitivity at 10(-9) g of DNA in HSV-1 and 10(-10) g of DNA in HSV-2. Viral culture was positive in 36%, nested PCR detected HSV DNA sequence in 54% of samples. Nested PCR typed HSV, HSV-1 in 67%, HSV-2 in 39%, and mixed type in 6% of PCR-positive samples. All isolates from above-waist area were HSV-1. Seventy seven percent of 13 isolates from below-waist area were HSV-2 and 38% were HSV-1. CONCLUSIONS: Nested PCR offers a rapid, simple, and sensitive test for HSV infections of skin and mucosa.
Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; DNA ; Encephalitis ; Glycoproteins ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Keratitis ; Kidney ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Leydig Cell Tumor*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the present status of falls among inpatients in general hospitals and to identify the fall risk factors that reflect the characteristics of domestic hospitals. METHODS: Data were collected between December 15, 2016 and January 15, 2017 from 32 Korean hospitals having 500 or more beds. First, 42 risk factors were extracted based on literature review and expert opinions. Then the importance of each factor was evaluated by 223 nurses from medical and surgical adult ward and intensive care units in 40 hospitals. RESULTS: The incidence rate of falls in 18 hospitals was 3.87 per 1,000 total discharged patients and 0.55 per 1,000 patient-days, and the rate of injury-related falls was 40.5%. Major risk factors for falling were identified as the following: being over 65 years of age, history of falls during admission, physical mobility disorders requiring assistance, physical factors (dizziness or vertigo, unstable gait, general weakness, walking aids, visual problems), cognitive factors (delirium, lack of understanding on limitations), neurological disease, CNS medications CONCLUSION: The findings provide information that can be in the development of a fall risk assessment tool for inpatients in general hospitals in Korea.
Accidental Falls ; Adult ; Audiovisual Aids ; Expert Testimony ; Gait ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Vertigo ; Walking

OBJECTIVES: Lipocortin-1 (LC-1), a member of annexin family of calcium-binding proteins induced by corticosteroid, originally evoked interest as one of the secondary messengers in the antiinflammatory action of corticosteroid, But the exact mechanism of LC-1 responsible for antiinflammatory effect is still unclear. We investigated the potential role of LC-1 in the effect of corticosteroid on amelioration of collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. METHODS: Four groups of DBA/1j mice were immunized by intradermal injection of 5mg/kg of type 2 collagen with complete Freunds adjuvant which was boostered on day 21 and 42. Group 1 received no treatment and group 2 received 1mg/kg dexamethasone intraperitoneally twice weekly from day 21. Group 3 and 4 were treated with 50 and 0.5microgram/kg of anti LC-1 monoclonal antibody subcutaneously and dexamethasone from day 21 twice weekly, respectively. The prevalence of arthritis and arthritis score were assessed twice weekly. At week 10, we measured serum anticollagen antibody levels and splenic mononuclear cell stimulation indices (SI) to collagen. RESULT: CIA started to develop after 4 weeks of collagen treatment in all groups. All mice of group 1 developed arthritis by the 9 week. Treatment with dexamethasone markedly inhibited arthritis development (P<0.05). Cotreatment of anti LC-1 monoclonal antibody and dexamethasone abolished the antiinflammatory effect of dexamethasone (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the serum levels of anticollagen antibody or splenic mononuclear cell SI among the groups. CONCLUSION: These findings support the hypothesis that LC-1 is involved, at least in part, in the antiinflammatory actions of corticosteroid in chronic inflammation, although the mechanism of which is unclear.
Animals ; Arthritis* ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Collagen* ; Dexamethasone ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intradermal ; Mice ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of IL-10 on development of collagen-induced arthritis, on humoral and cellular immunity and on the endogenous production of IL-10 in DBA/1J mice. METHODS: DBA/1J mice were immunized with chicken type II collagen in Freund s complete adjuvant. Murine recombinant IL-10 was given intraperitoneally twice a week from the day of second immunization (week 3) in doses of 0.002ug, 0. 02ug and 0. 2ug for 3 different groups, respectively. Dexamethasone was injected in one group to suppress the arthritis development and this group was used as negative control group. Levels of anti-collagen antibodies, serum IL-10 and stimulation indices of splenic monocytes to collagen were measured at the end of study. RESULTS: The 0. 02ug IL-10 and 0. 2ug IL-10 treated groups developed earlier and more severe arthritis (week 6 and 8) compared to that of the control group while the 0. 002ug IL-10 group has shown similar course to the control group in terms of incidence and severity of arthritis, At week 10, all groups with or without IL-10 injections developed arthritis with similar degree of severity while dexamethasone group showed far less incidence and severity of arthritis. The serum levels of anti-collagen antibody, IL-10 and spleen monocyte stimulation indices to collagen antigen showed no difference among control group, IL-10 injected groups and dexamethasone injected group. CONCLUSION: This study shows IL-10 could worsen the arthritis in CIA with the dosage used in this study without significant influence on the level of anti-collagen antibodies or stimulation indices of spenic monocyte to collagen.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Experimental* ; Chickens ; Collagen ; Collagen Type II ; Dexamethasone ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunization ; Incidence ; Interleukin-10* ; Mice ; Monocytes ; Spleen

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor(DNET) is a recently described rare tumor that occurs most frequently in the temporal lobe of the brain and is characterized by long-standing, intractable complex partial seizures in children. The authors experienced one case of DNET occurring in a 13-year old boy, who had refractory complex partial seizure for 7 years. CT scan revealed nonenhancing low density mass in the left temporal lobe. MR images demonstrated a well-marginated cortical mass with very low signal intensity on TIWI and multinodular appearance of high signal intensity on T2WI. A few small enhancing foci within the mass were noted on contrast enhanced MR images. DNET, a rare tumor, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neoplasm which causes seizure and is distinguished from other tumors because of its benign course. Differentiation between DN ETand other tumors by CT and MR findings is very difficult. But, our case showed the multinodular pattern on T2W image, which may be helpful feature in the differential diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Brain ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial* ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The hepatitis C vims(HCV) is now known to be the chief cause of transfusion-associated non-A, non-B hepatitis. The ultimate goal of blood donor screening for anti-HCV antibodies is the specific exclusion of vital carriers from the blood donor population. Recently, a third generation anti-HCV screening(Green Cross Center Innotest HCV 3.0 Genedia HCV 3.0 ) and immunoblot assay, Inno-Lia HCV Ab III (Innogenetics) using antigens derived from the core and different nonstructural regions(NS3, NS4 and Ns5) of the HCV viral genome were developed. To evaluate the usefulness of these assays, anti-HCV reaction patterns of the Inno-Lia HCV Ab III or presence of HCV-RNA detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were examined samples in which were repeatedly positive or discrepant with Abbott EIA-2, Innotest HCV 3.0 Genedia HCV 3.0 The reaction intensity of Innotest HCV 3.0 Genedia HCV 3.0 was higher than that of Abbott EIA-2. The sensitivity and specificity of Innotest HCV 3.0 and Genedia HCV 3.0 were 92.9% and 86.8%, respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values were 72.2% and 97.1%. both. The sensitivity and specificity of Abbott EIA-2 were 100% and 78.9%, respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values were 63.6% and 100%, respectively. We concluded that the new third generation HCV EIA reagents can decrease a false positivity of second generation EIA reagents and correlate well with detection of HCV-RNA by RT-PCR.
Blood Donors ; Genome, Viral ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques* ; Indicators and Reagents* ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity