It is generally accepted that tbe lepromin test is of great value in the type classification and the evaluation of the prognosis of leprosy. But the nature of the antigenicity in lepromin reaction stiIl remains uncertain. The present study was carried out to investigate the antigenic characteriatics of the early(Fernandez) and the late (Mitsuda) reactions to Mitsuda lepromin antigen. Mycobacterium leprae was purified by trypsin digestion from human lepromas, and was broken down by passing 5 times through a French Pressor at 16, 000 p.s.i.. From the broken cell suspension, cell wall, cytoplasm, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were prepared. IntradermaI skin tests were perforrned on 30 leprosy patients classified according to the Ridley-Jopling scale (4 TT, 6 BT, 2 BB, 7 BL and 11 LL), with 0. 1ml of the Mitsuda lepromin(intact cells) broken cells, cell wall, cytoplasm, VLDL and LPS antigens. Readings for the early and the late reactions were done 72 hours and 28 days, respectively, after itradermal injections of the above antigens. The results are summerized as follows: 1, Early reactions were elicited by broken cells, cell wall and cytoplasm in all of the patients who could react to Mitsuda lepromin antigen. VLDL and LPS antigens could also elicit early reactions in 9(56)% and in 14(88%), respectively, of the 10 patients who showed positive reaction to Mitsuda lepromin antigen. These results mean that the early reaction may be due to multiple antigena, originated either from M. leprae or from contaminated human tissues. 2. Late reactions were elicited by broken cells and cell wall antigens, but not by cytoplasm antigen, in all of the patients who showed late reactions to Mitsuda lepromin antigen. These results mean that broken cells also produce a late reaction and the specific antigen(s) of the late reaction may reside in the cell wall fraction of the M. leprae.
Cell Wall ; Classification ; Cytoplasm ; Digestion ; Humans ; Lepromin* ; Leprosy ; Lipoproteins ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Prognosis ; Reading ; Skin Tests ; Trypsin

We have investigated an immunohistochemical expression of the Human-Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in tumor cells of the primary mass and metastatic lymph nodes with different histological features of gastric cancer by using avidinbiotin complex immunoperoxidase method in formalin-fixed tissue sections from 73 cases of primary tumor mass and 23 cases of metastatic lymph node. Histologic type of the gastric cancer was classification. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Expression of Ha-ras p21 was consistantly increased in the well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma as compared with poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma (p<0.01), and was substantially decreased in mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. 2) Signet ring cell carcinoma showed that positive immunoperoxidase reaction for Ha-ras p21 exhibited in the majority of immature signet ring cell with scant cytoplasm rather than in the mature signet ring cells which have abundant cytoplasm filled with mucin. This findings indicate that mucin production from the tumor cell was not correlated with activation of ras gene in the tumor tissue of gastric carcinoma. 3) In general Ha-ras p21 expression was enhanced in the metastatic tumor cells of the regional lymph node compared with primary tumor, especially it was consistantly increase in the well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma.
Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Alcoholics* ; Depression* ; Humans

To study the gyrA mutations of E. coli from clinical specimens, 410 strains were isolated from 1994 to 1997 in Kyungpook National Vniversity hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests, PCR and sequencing of gyrA, and in vitro induction of quinolone resistance were done. The frequency of quinolone resistant E. coli strains increased constantly during 1994 through 1996. Quinolone-resistant strains were more often resistant to unrelated antibiotics than quinolone-susceptible strains (chi-square test, p<0.05). All of the randomly selected 55 quinolone- resist#ant strains were highly resistant to nalidixic acid (NAL) but had low level resistance to fluoroquinolones. All of the 55 quinolone-resistant strains showed an amino acid substitution of Ser -> Leu (TCG -> TIG) at codon 83. In addition, four different types of amino acid substitution affecting codon 87 (Asp) were detected, 1) type I: Asn (GAC -> AAC); 2) type II: Tyr (GAC -> TAC); 3) type III: Oly (GAC -> GGC); 4) type IV: His (GAC -> CAC). The mutation of type IV has not been reported previously in quinolone-resistant E. coli strains. It is thought that the specific amino acid substitution probably affects minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of quinolones because the MICs of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin in type II were significantly higher than those of type I. By in vitro induction, MICs to quinolone-susceptible strains resulted in the increase in the MICs of all quinolones tested by 2- to 2048-fold. The induced mutants by quinolones had amino acid substitutions at codon 83, SerLeu or Asp87Asn, Gly or Tyr. Alteration of Ser83 results in the most effective increase in the MIC of quinolone such as NAL and alterations of Asp87 result in the effective increase of MIC of fluoroquinolone. These results suggest that the continuous use of quinolones might induce the specific amino acid substitution at gyrA.
Amino Acid Substitution ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ciprofloxacin ; Codon ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Fluoroquinolones ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Nalidixic Acid ; Norfloxacin ; Ofloxacin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Quinolones

No abstract available.
Skin Manifestations* ; Skin*

The Duodenal diverticulum is the rare cause of the common bile duct obstruction. We experienced a case of the diverticulum of the second portion of duodenum in a 59-year-old male, who complained recurrent attacks of right upper abdominal pain and fever since 16 months prior to admission. Duodenoscopic finding and UGI study revealed a typical duodenal diverticulum just side to the papilla of Vater. Diverticulectomy and cholecystectomy was performed and after than, he has been free front above mentioned symptoms. We reported a case of duodenal diverticulum which caused recurrent common bile duct obstruction.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholecystectomy ; Common Bile Duct* ; Diverticulum* ; Duodenum ; Fever ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Uterine sarcoma whieh is originated from uterine muscle and/or connective tissues, is very rare malignant tumor and is the most lethel of all primary uterine tumors. This study was undertaken to correlate the clinieal findings, diagnoses, managements and ultimate outcome of each particluar grouy of uterine sarcoma at Depart,ment of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Korea University Hospital. The reaults were as follows, 1. The distribution of uterinesarcomaby histologic type was 5 cases (35.7%) for leiomyosarcoma, 5 cases (35.7%) for endometrial strornal sarcoma and 4 eases (28.6%) for mixed Mullerian tumor, 2. The mean age and yarity were 50.8 years and 3.1. 3. The most common syrrlptorn was irregular vaginal bleeding (64.3%), and lower abdominal pain (21.4%), abdominal palpable mass (14.3%) in order of frequency. 4. The distribution by YIGO clinical atage was 35.7% for stage I, 35.7% for stage II, 7.2% for stage IE and 21.4% for stage lV. The average survival time of each stage of disease was decreased with increasing stage. 5. The mean survival time was decreased with inereasing numbers of mitotic figure per 10 high power fields. 6. The mean survival time according to histologc type was 14.5 months for leiomyoaarcoma, 21.5 months for endometrial stromal marcoma, 5.8 months for malignant mixed Mullerian tumor, respectively.
Abdominal Pain ; Animals ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gynecology ; Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Obstetrics ; Sarcoma* ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus*

Although febrile convulsion (FC) is a common clinical entity with a high recurrence rate, no specific factors have been identified to be highly predictive of its recurrence. A total of 114 cases of FC identified during a 28 month period (January, 1989-May, 1991) was analysed. A slight predominance of boys over girls (1.3 to 1.0) was observed. the majority of cases (89.4%) were under 3 years of age and the most common age range for the onset of FC was 1~2 years. The most common form of FC was tonic type (54.0%), followed by tonic-clonic (32.5%), clonic (5.3%), and complex partial type (5.3%). Most FC episodes lasted less than 5 minutes (81.6%), and common clinical diagnosis underlying FC were as follows: pharyngotonsillitis (64.0%), bronchitis and/or pneumonia(16.7%), and gastroenteritis (9.7%). The family history for seizure disorder was present in 27.2% of the cases: FC in 21.1%, epiepsy in 4.4%, and both in 1.8%. Among 78 cases of the first FC, 43 cases were followed for 5 to 29 months without prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy. The overall recurrence rate of FC in this group was 67.4% and the highest incidence was observed in patients less than one year old (86.7%). A higher recurrence rate (80%) was observed in patients whose body temperature was lower than 39degrees C, as opposed to higher than 39degrees C (50%). It is concluded that the recurrence of FC is positively correlated with factors such as younger age (less than one year old), and lower body temperature at the time of onset of FC.
Body Temperature ; Bronchitis ; Diagnosis ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Recurrence ; Seizures, Febrile*

No abstract available.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pseudomonas* ; Pyocins*

Ectopic pregnancy refers to gestation in which the fertilized ovum implants on any other tissure than tbe mucus membrane lining the uterine cavity. Cornual (intertitial) pegnancy is a relatively uncommon but potentially catastrophic form of ectopic pregnancy, defined as implantation in the intramural portion of a fallopian tube. A hydatidiform mole usually occupies the uterine cavity but it's occurrence in the uterine tube is extremely rare. Only a few cases of primary hydatidifm mole of the tube have been reported. We experienced a case of ectopic hydatidiform mole in the uterine cornua and so present it with brief review of literatures.
Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Hydatidiform Mole* ; Membranes ; Mucus ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Zygote