PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) with short metaphyseal loading femoral stem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 56 cases in 47 patients who had undergone THA with short metaphyseal loading femoral stem from April 2010 to December 2011. There were 20 males and 27 females. The mean age was 54 years (range, 26-77 years). The average follow up period was 4.6 years. Clinical results were evaluated by Harris hip scores (HHS) before the operation and at the last follow-up. Radiographic analysis was done by evaluating osteolysis, loosening, stress shielding, and alignement. RESULTS: The mean HHS significantly improved from 45 (range, 15-58) preoperatively to 98 (range, 85-100) at the last follow-up. In radiographic analyses, there was no evidence of osteolysis or loosening around the stems and the acetabuluar components. All cases showed rounding off of the calcar, grade 1 bone resorption of the proximal femur. With regard to implant alignment, 51 femoral component (91.1%) were in neutral position, and 5 (8.9%) were in varus position. There was 1 intraoperative fracture treated by cerclage wiring and no case was revised during follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Although longer follow-up is needed to confirm the durability of the short metaphyseal loading femoral stem, this short stem might provide stable fixation without diaphyseal fixation and demonstrated good clinical result at mean 4.6 year short term follow-up.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Bone Resorption ; Female ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Osteolysis ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous*

Intramedullary fixation using Gamma or Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) for example becomes a popular fixation method for unstable trochanteric fracture. Due to the old age of patients with such fractures, extraction of these devices has not always been recommended after fracture healing. However, protruding metal or sliding lag screws can cause pain, which makes removal unavoidable. The authors present 2 cases of femoral neck fracture during ambulation after the removal of such devices.
Femoral Neck Fractures* ; Femur ; Femur Neck* ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Walking

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Retention cyst of the maxillary sinus is a common incidental finding on Waters' view. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fate of maxillary sinus retention cyst after at least 3-year follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Twenty-five patients diagnosed to have maxillary sinus retention cyst on Waters' view between 1997 to 1999 were asked to revisit for the follow-up Waters' view at least 3 years later. Nine patients complied with the request. Medical records, endoscopic nasal findings, and radiological data of nine patients were reviewed. Cyst size was measured by the 2-dimensional milimeter scale and the relative percentage of the total antral area. RESULTS: The cyst was located in the right maxillary sinus in 4 patients, left in 4, and bilateral in 1. Nine out of ten cysts appeared to arise from the floor of the sinus. The area of the cysts ranged in size from 232 mm2 (ratio 36.4%) to 370 mm2 (55.3%), as measured on Waters' view. Six of the cysts resolved spontaneously, three showed no change in size and only one has enlarged twice the size of initial cyst. The patient with enlarged cyst didn't complain of any specific symptoms. CONCLUSION: The majority of cysts (90%) decreased in size or spontaneously resolved after 3 years. Thus, `wait and see' policy may be appropriate unless associated with specific symptoms.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Medical Records ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases

BACKGROUND: Anti-inflammation, anti-bactericidal, and collagen synthesis are important for health skin conditions. However, the effect of horse oil on anti-inflammation, anti-bactericidal, and collagen synthesis is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and synthesis of type I collagen of horse oil. METHODS: Anti-bacterial effect was evaluated by disc diffusion test. Expressions of inflammatory cytokines were studied by RT-PCR analysis, real time PCR. Type I collagen expression was evaluated by Western blot in human HaCaT kertinocytes and fibroblasts. RESULTS: Our data showed that horse oil exerted anti-bacterial effect on P.acnes and S.aureus. Expression of IL-10 was increased by horse oil-treated HaCaT cells. In addition, increased expression of type I collagen was observed in horse oil-treated human skin fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Horse oil exerts an anti-bactericidal effect against P.acnes and S.aureus. In addition, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of horse oil will be mediated by up-regulation of IL-10 and type I collagen, respectively.
Blotting, Western ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I* ; Cytokines* ; Diffusion ; Fibroblasts* ; Horses* ; Humans* ; Interleukin-10 ; Keratinocytes* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Skin ; Up-Regulation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A correlation between the BNP reduction ratio and prognosis could be expected to be found by evaluating the BNP reduction depending on the volume status during the early period. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Between October 2002 and June 2004, 120 patients with acute heart failure (AHF)(<1 month) were included. The patients were divided into three groups according to their volume status, as follows. Group I: patients with clinical & radiological wet status, Group II: clinical dry & radiological wet status and Group III: clinical & radiological dry status. The blood BNP (Triage(r)) level and clinical parameters were analyzed. The bad prognostic parameters were defined as readmission due to heart failure, a major adverse cardiac event or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 68.0+/-12.7 years, and 50.0% of the subjects were male. The most frequent etiology of AHF was ischemic heart disease (35.8%). There were 61.7, 24.1 and 14.2% in Groups I, III and III, respectively. The baseline BNP level was higher in group I and II than in group III patients (I: 1540.4+/-1202.8, II: 1482.8+/-1281.6, III: 666.4+/-827.9 pg/mL, p=0.036) as was the early BNP reduction ratio (I: 69.8+/-27.1, II: 67.4+/-32.8, III: 1.3+/-144.9%, p=0.007). Sixteen (13.3%) patients had a poor prognosis. From a logistical analysis, the early BNP reduction ratio (p=0.004) and creatinine level (p=0.029) were significant predictors of the clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: The early change in the BNP level varied depending on the degree of congestive status, and was also correlated with the level of clinical outcomes. Therefore, in our opinion, the early monitoring of the BNP level will provide significant clinical information in AHF patients.
Creatinine ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Heart Failure* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Prognosis*

OBJECTIVES: While parents who foster children with epilepsy would have considerable parenting difficulties, the parenting stress and sense of competence have not been investigated. We investigated maternal parenting stress, parenting satisfaction and sense of parenting competence in children with seizure disorders, and the associations with seizure-related variables. METHODS: Mothers of 79 children with seizure disorders (41 boys, 38 girls; mean age, 9.9+/-2.3 years) and 79 healthy comparison subjects matched for age and sex were recruited for this study. The Korean version of the Parenting Stress Index (K-PSI-SF) and the Parenting Sense of Competence (K-PSOC) were used to assess parenting stress, parenting satisfaction and parenting efficacy. RESULTS: Mothers of children with seizure disorders showed higher scores on stress related to difficult child and child learning and parenting anxiety compared to mothers of healthy children. In addition, scores on stress related to parental-child interaction and child learning were significantly associated with parental economic status. Scores on stress from parental-child interaction was also correlated with seizure severity, and stress from child learning was correlated with seizure type. Sense of parenting competence and anxiety scores were correlated with paternal educational status, respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that mothers of children with epilepsy have greater parenting stress and anxiety and social and seizure-associated factors may affect the parenting stress and anxiety.
Anxiety ; Child* ; Educational Status ; Epilepsy* ; Female ; Humans ; Learning ; Mental Competency* ; Mothers ; Parenting* ; Parents* ; Seizures*

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the biological behavior and prognostic factors of brain stem gliomas, the authors reviewed 48 patients with brain stem gliomas treated between 1980 and 1996. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The clinical presentation, tumor location, pathology, and treatment modalities were correlated with the prognosis of these tumors. Male to female ratio was 1.1:1, with the median age of 12.5 years. Thirty patients(63%) were below 15 years old, and 18 patients(38%) were of adult ages. Mean follow up period was 21.8 months. RESULTS: Focal tumors were in 22 cases and diffuse tumors were in 26. All nine midbrain tumors were focal type. Twenty-two(92%) cases among 24 potine tumors were diffuse type and two cases were focal type as dorsally exophytic tumor. Eleven(73%) cases among 15 medullary and cervicomedullary tumors were focal type and four(27%) cases were diffuse type. Pathologically, there were 14 anaplastic astrocytomas, 11 low grade astrocytomas, 4 glioblastomas, 3 oligodendrogliomas, and 1 ganglioglioma. Fifteen tumors were diagnosed only radiologically without histologic verification. Surgery was done in 33 patients(gross total or subtotal removal in 8, biopsy or partial removal in 15, stereotactic biopsy in 10). Radiation therapy was given in 41 patients(conventional in 29, hyperfractionated in 12). Chemotherapy was done in four patients. CONCLUSION: Statistically significant prognostic factors were symptom duration prior to diagnosis(p=0.0004), cranial nerve palsy(p=0.0206), extent of tumor growth(p=0.0219), contrast enhancement(p=0.0226), intratumoral cyst(p=0.047), histopathological grading(p=0.0304), surgery in patients with focal tumors(p=0.0018), and radiation therapy(p=0.0149).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Astrocytoma ; Biopsy ; Brain Stem Neoplasms ; Brain Stem* ; Cranial Nerves ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioglioma ; Glioblastoma ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Male ; Oligodendroglioma ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of interaction between APOE ε4 carrier status and body composition measurements on intra- and inter-regional functional connectivity (FC) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with Aβ deposition. Methods: MCI patients with and without APOE ε4 allele (carrier, n=86; non-carrier, n=95) underwent neuropsychological battery, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, positron emission tomography scans with [ 18 F] flutemetamol, and bioelectri-cal impedance analysis for measuring body composition. We employed a priori defined regions of interest to investigate the intra- and inter-network FC profiles of default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN). Results: There was a significant interaction of APOE ε4 carrier status with body fat mass index, visceral fat area, and waist-hip circumference ratio for inter-network FC between DMN and CEN, contributing higher fat-related body composition measurements in the APOE ε4 carrier with lower DMN-CEN FC. Conclusion The present results highlight the detrimental effect of APOE ε4 carrier status on the associations between the fatrelated body composition measurements and FC in the MCI patients with Aβ accumulation.

Objective: Recent evidence shows that the quantitative value of amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition below the threshold of Aβ positivi-ty carries biological and clinical significance regarding future cognitive decline. We evaluated whether the quantitative value of sub-threshold Aβ deposition had a significant correlation with neuropsychological test scores in cognitively normal older adults without the APOE ε4 allele. Methods: Sixty cognitively normal APOE ε4 allele non-carriers with negative Aβ retention aged 60 to 85 years were included in this study. We assessed neuropsychological performance with the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Al-zheimer’s Disease (CERAD-K) and obtained standardized [ 18 F] flutemetamol uptake values in the pons as a reference (SUVR PONS), evaluated with PET. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the effect of global and regional Aβ load on cognitive performance, adjusting for age, sex, years of education, and volumes of white matter hyperintensities. Results: We found that Aβ deposition in the precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, and parietal lobe had a significant association with the total CERAD-K scores. There was also a significant correlation between the SUVR PONS in the precuneus and the CERAD-K total score after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion Subthreshold Aβ retention in the core brain regions of the default mode network could affect cognitive functions in the cognitively normal APOE ε4 non-carriers, considered to be the lowest risk group for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).