PURPOSE: Epilepsy is generally defined as a chronic condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizure. It is still controversial whether the long-term antiepileptic drugs(AED) treatment will be necessary in children with first unprovoked seizure. Cognitive and behavioral side effects of AEDs are especially important in developing children. Therefore the rationale of AED treatment in the children with first unprovoked seizure depends upon the seizure recurrence rate and presence of risk factors related with seizure recurrence. We are going to evaluate the risk of seizure recurrence and risk factors after a first unprovoked seizure in children. METHODS: One hundred fifty eight patients presented with a first unprovoked seizure from July, 1994 to June, 1999 were prospectively followed by regular epilepsy clinic visit or telephone interview for a mean of 27 months. We analyzed overall recurrence risk and risk factors of seizure recurrence(EEG finding, etiology of seizure, seizure type, history of prior febrile convulsions, neurodevelopmental status prior to first seizure, presence of a Todd's paresis, family history of seizures, a seizure occuring while asleep, and duration of seizure) by Cox's proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: In 158 patients with first unprovoked seizure, 61 (39%) patients experienced subsequent seizure. The cumulative risk of seizure recurrence was 28.5, 37.6, and 42.3% at 6, 12, and 18 months. The median time to recurrence was 3 months, with 72% of recurrence occurring within 6 months, 92% within 1 year, and 100% within 2 years. On univariate analysis, risk factors for seizure recurrence included an etiology of seizure and abnormal EEG. In idiopathic cases, the risk factor was an EEG abnormality. CONCLUSION: Many of the children with a first unprovoked seizure will not have recurrences. The recurrence risk of a first unprovoked seizure in children have statistically correlated with the etiology of seizure(cryptogenic and symptomatic) and abnormal EEG. Children with an idiopathic first seizure and a normal EEG have a particularly favorable prognosis.
Ambulatory Care ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Paresis ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies* ; Recurrence* ; Risk Factors ; Seizures* ; Seizures, Febrile

Rhabdomyosarcoma which was first described by Weber has generally been considered an uncommon tumor of striated muscle. Recently it was classified as four types as embryonal, alveolar, pleomorphic, and botryoid type by Horn and Enterline. A fourth type, sarcoma botryoides was generally recognized as a variant of the embryonal type. Al1 of these tumors tend to have a short clinical course, but the survival time seems to be slightly improved by sugical excision followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Authors report one case of rhabdomyosarcoma, which was seen in the right lower leg and showed a rapid growing nature to die, which experienced in Busan National University Hospital, February, 1983.
Animals ; Busan ; Drug Therapy ; Horns ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leg ; Muscle, Striated ; Radiotherapy ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; Sarcoma

The use of the interlocking intramedullary nails expand the possibilities for treatment of femoral shaft fractures, as illustrated by consistent and satisfactory clinical results. However, the technique is relatively complex compared to conventional nails and frequently poses technical problems. A retrospective review was undertaken of twenty-eight patients with femoral shaft fractures which had technical problems after undergoing the closed reduction and internal fixation with interlocking intramedullary nail procedure. We studied the types of the problems. Their causes, the frequency of problems with various kinds of nails, and discussed solutions of the problems. There were 21 additional comminutions and intraop erative splinterings, 8 angular deformities, 3 malpositioned nails, 3 loosened distal locked screws, 2 brocken drill bits, and 1 femoral neck fracture. Bone-union was attained in all cases (28 patients), but the period of treatment to attain bone-union was protracted to an average of 6.8 (5-12) months. In 3 cases, the knee joint range of motion was of limited flexion, 70 to 90 degrees, but in all other cases full range of motion was realized. 7 cases required 2 or more operations. The hospitalization period was for an average of 3.6 months. In conclusion, the importance of careful preoperative planning and experienced surgical technique cannot be overemphasized because we could see no significant difference in the occurence of technical problems in several kinds of the nail.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies

Primary chondrosarcoma of the lung is an extremely rare tumor, and classified into two types, tracheobronchial & lung variety. The tracheobronchial variety is usually localized and lacked lymph nodal or distant spread with good prognosis. The lung variety tends to be more invasive associated with mediastinal lymph node involvement and thoracic metastasis. Authors experienced a case of primary chondrosarcoma, lung variety, of the lung involving left lower lobe with thoracic metastasis, not yet reported in Korean literatures. The patient was 55-year-old Korean female and chief complaints were cough, dyspnea & chest pain. Pathologically, it was confused with the metastatic adenocarcinoma in the first pleural fluid cytology. But bronchoscopic biopsy revealed typical morphology of chondrosarcoma with concentric growth encircling the bronchial tree and partial destruction of the bronchiols, suggesting its primary origin. Later pleural biopsy and aspiration materials during ches tube insertion revealed also metastatic chondrosarcoma. Radiologic studies were also campatible findings to chondrosarcoma. After admision, the patient underwent progressively downhill course & expired at 31st hospital day.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

The Duodenal diverticulum is the rare cause of the common bile duct obstruction. We experienced a case of the diverticulum of the second portion of duodenum in a 59-year-old male, who complained recurrent attacks of right upper abdominal pain and fever since 16 months prior to admission. Duodenoscopic finding and UGI study revealed a typical duodenal diverticulum just side to the papilla of Vater. Diverticulectomy and cholecystectomy was performed and after than, he has been free front above mentioned symptoms. We reported a case of duodenal diverticulum which caused recurrent common bile duct obstruction.
Abdominal Pain ; Cholecystectomy ; Common Bile Duct* ; Diverticulum* ; Duodenum ; Fever ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans

The translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) is a mitochondrial transmembrane protein, which has brought attention as a neuroinflammatory biomarker. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies have been done for several decades, since neuroinflammation has been implicated as an important pathophysiology of several common neurologic disorders. However, despite numerous previous studies with positive findings, its clinical significance is not yet clear. Various attempts to overcome the limitations are ongoing, in order to bring acceptance for use in clinics.
Nervous System Diseases ; Positron-Emission Tomography

The translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) is a mitochondrial transmembrane protein, which has brought attention as a neuroinflammatory biomarker. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies have been done for several decades, since neuroinflammation has been implicated as an important pathophysiology of several common neurologic disorders. However, despite numerous previous studies with positive findings, its clinical significance is not yet clear. Various attempts to overcome the limitations are ongoing, in order to bring acceptance for use in clinics.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease in South Korea with clinical features similar to those of scrub typhus. Infected patients with these two diseases usually visited the emergency department (ED) complaining of fever that was not responsive to treatment in a local clinic. Aggressive management of SFTS is required in order to prevent rapid progression and human-to-human transmission, thus rapid and accurate differential diagnosis of the two diseases in the ED is important. We reported three laboratory confirmed cases of SFTS during 2013-2014 in a single center, with fever, skin lesions, and history of outdoor activities in order to help in differential diagnosis between SFTS and scrub typhus in the ED.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fever* ; Humans ; Korea ; Scrub Typhus* ; Skin ; Thrombocytopenia*

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction is one of major cardiovascular disease that increases according to the changes of diet and life style. Early diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction is critical for better prognosis and for reducing mortality. But early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is limited by several factors. Recently it was reported that measurements of several serum cardiac enzymes were useful for early diagnosis of acute mocardial infarction. This study was performed to investigate which method of serum creatine kinase measurement is the faster and accurate and whether serum creatine kinase is an early noninvasive predictor of coronary artery patency following thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction by means of analysis of serial changes in serum creatine kinase. METHODS: This study included 32 patients who had acute myocardial infarction. Serum CK-MB was measured by electrophoretic method and enzymatic immuoasssay method. and compared with EKG and total CK activity which measured by photoabsorbance method. Also we studied whether CK time-activity could be predictor for reperfusion. RESULTS: Immunoassay method accurately measures the serum CK-MB and correlates well with that of electrophoretic method in patients with acute mocardial infarction. Immunoassay method is more sensitive than EKG and has the similar sensitivity to electrophoretic method in diagnosis of acute myoardial infarction. Reperfusion of an occluded coronary artery results in early elevation of serum creatine kinase and CK-MB reflected by earlier appearance time, peak, and onset of clearance. CONCLUSION: Because immunoassay measurement of serum creatine kinase is faster than electrophoresis and requires less technical expertise, it is possible to make diagnosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction in a more timely and cost effective manner and creatine kinase is good predictor of recanalization of an occluded coronary artery after intravenous thrombolytic therapy.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Coronary Vessels ; Creatine Kinase* ; Creatine* ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Early Diagnosis* ; Electrocardiography ; Electrophoresis ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Infarction ; Life Style ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Professional Competence ; Prognosis ; Reperfusion* ; Thrombolytic Therapy