PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion in rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. METHODS: Reviewed clinical charts, photographs, and fluorescein angiography RESULTS: An 89-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes developed sudden bilateral ptosis, complete ophthalmoplegia of the right eye, and superior rectus palsy of the left eye. Brain and orbit magnetic resonance imaging showed midbrain infarction and mild diffuse sinusitis. On the 2nd day of hospitalization, sudden visual loss and light reflex loss developed. There were retinal whitening, absence of retinal arterial filling, and a total lack of choroidal perfusion on fluorescein angiography of the right eye. The left eye showed a cherry red spot in the retina and the absence of retinal arterial filling and partial choroidal perfusion on fluorescein angiography. On rhinologic examination, mucormyosis was noticed. Despite treatment, visual acuity and light reflex did not recover and he died 4 days after admission. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion can occur in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis.
Aged, 80 and over ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology ; Brain Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mucormycosis/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Ophthalmic Artery/*pathology ; Orbital Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion in rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. METHODS: Reviewed clinical charts, photographs, and fluorescein angiography RESULTS: An 89-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes developed sudden bilateral ptosis, complete ophthalmoplegia of the right eye, and superior rectus palsy of the left eye. Brain and orbit magnetic resonance imaging showed midbrain infarction and mild diffuse sinusitis. On the 2nd day of hospitalization, sudden visual loss and light reflex loss developed. There were retinal whitening, absence of retinal arterial filling, and a total lack of choroidal perfusion on fluorescein angiography of the right eye. The left eye showed a cherry red spot in the retina and the absence of retinal arterial filling and partial choroidal perfusion on fluorescein angiography. On rhinologic examination, mucormyosis was noticed. Despite treatment, visual acuity and light reflex did not recover and he died 4 days after admission. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral ophthalmic artery occlusion can occur in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis.
Aged, 80 and over ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology ; Brain Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mucormycosis/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Ophthalmic Artery/*pathology ; Orbital Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology

25 Patients were received major spinal surgeries at main operating theater of Kangnam General Hospital from May 1990 to December 1990 by using the Haemonetics cell saver which was employed as an intraoperative blood salvage and autologous blood transfuser. The products of washed red blood cells were an average of 1490 cc packed RBC per case. Under the Light Microscopy, Washed RBC disclosed the morphologies of normal RBC size and shape. Fragmented RBCs or cell debris were not found and in one case agglutinated and denaturated RBCs were seen. While 20 patients were received spinal surgery prior to the utilization of cell saver, an average of 7.85 units of banked whole blood was transfused compared with 5.55 units in the cases of using the cell saver (p<0.05). Homologous banked blood utilization during spinal surgery declined more than 30% with the use of the cell saver. There was no evidence of infection, renal and/or hepatic failure related to the use of the cell saver. Haemonetics cell saver appeared to be safe, efficient and more over in some instanes life saving.
Erythrocytes ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; Microscopy ; Operative Blood Salvage*

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of partial weight bearing (PWB) harness with comparison of traditional exercise program by gait analysis in non-ambulatory acute stroke patients. METHOD: Nine patients participated with PWB harness on the treadmill, and nine patients with traditional exercise. In harness group, the gait training with 30% weight reduction was offered on treadmill, they were treated daily and gait training was done for 20 minutes. In no-harness group, traditional gait training was done by physical therapists. Variables were gait parameters assessed by VICON 370 Gait Analyzer, other function tested by Motricity Index and Functional Ambulatory Category. RESULTS: In linear parameter, the harness group had faster gait speed, longer stride length, and more decreased double support time compared to the no-harness group. In kinematic parameters, the maximal flexion of knee was significantly increased in harness group, but no significant differences was in hip and ankle motion. In kinetic parameters, hip flexion moment of normal side was increased in harness group at heel strike phase, knee flexion moment of normal side was decreased in harness group at heel strike phase. CONCLUSION: The gait training with partial weight bearing harness was more effective in acute stroke patients than traditional therapy, and was influenced in gait pattern, functional ability.
Ankle ; Gait* ; Heel ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Physical Therapists ; Strikes, Employee ; Stroke* ; Weight Loss ; Weight-Bearing*

PURPOSE: To identify the type of disease-related stress experienced by women who received mastectomy for breast cancer using Q methodology. METHOD: Q sample included 30 statements obtained from literature and interviews with women with mastectomy. P sample consisted of 22 patients with mastectomy. The data were collected from November to December 2002 and analyzed using QUANL program. RESULT: Four types of disease-related stress experienced by women with mastectomy were found. Type 1 was manifested for a short duration following surgery and characterized by lowered self-esteem, feelings of emptiness and depression because of impaired body image. Type 2 was characterized by declined physical strength, resulting in frequent fatigue in the daily life and less intimate relationship with spouse. Type 3 was manifested by perfectionists with strong sense of self-pride who received or considered breast reconstruction surgery. Type 4 was reported by those who had long period of post-surgery. This type reported a strong sense of discomfort for wearing an artificial breast but didn't show any intention of trying breast reconstruction surgery. CONCLUSION: Women with mastectomy were found to experience different type of disease-related distress. Therefore, nurses should assess the type of stress the patient experiences following a mastectomy to provide appropriate nursing care.
Body Image ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Depression ; Fatigue ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Mammaplasty ; Mastectomy* ; Nursing Care ; Spouses

No abstract available.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Early Diagnosis* ; Pneumocystis carinii* ; Pneumocystis* ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis*

The purpose of this study is to compare the educational needs and perception of mothers of normal neonates and high risk infants. This research was designed as a descriptive study. Data were collected for two months from April 2002 to March 2002. Subjects were 41 mothers of high risk infants and 60 mothers of normal neonates in one general hospital in Seoul participated in the study. Measurement tools used in this study were the educational needs scale developed by Cho Kyoul Ja et al and the neonatal perceptive inventories scale developed by Broussard. They ask mothers to rate each item on a four point Likert type scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 8.0 program. The variables were listed as frequency, mean, standard deviation, X2 test, t-test, ANOVA. The results were as follows: The educational needs of the mothers of primi pregnancy was higher than the mothers of multi pregnancy. The educational needs on management of diseases such as prevention of infection, symptoms of disease, mental development, attachment promotion, congenital metabolism test, management of convulsion, care of vomiting and fever were higher than general care of infants such as immunization, measurement of temperature, hiccough care, follow up care. The informations must be included in nursing intervention program to reduce the mothers' stress level. In conclusion, in order to promote positive mother infant relationship, nurse need to give information and educate the mothers of high risk infant and normal neonate.
Equipment and Supplies ; Fever ; Hiccup ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Metabolism ; Mothers* ; Nursing ; Pregnancy ; Seizures ; Seoul ; Vomiting ; Child Health

PURPOSE: The study is designed to develop an educational CD-Program for prevention and control of obesity among primary school students. METHOD: The study is conducted from June 15, 2000 to April 15, 2002. Based on the course of program development suggested by Dick and Cray (1990), the study followed the planning, development, education and evaluation of a program. RESULT: The developed CD-Program consists 2 parts each for lower and higher grades of primary school students. The introduction part of the first trial for lower grade students uses quiz to encourage their motivations, the body proceeds with motion pictures and animations to trigger their interests. The introduction part of the second trial for the lower grades consists of remembering the exhibition lecture. The first trial for higher grades of primary school students builds on the contents of the low grades. Its body part, how to determine obesity and calculate ones own obesity, puts ones own weight and height in by the mouse. For the second trial of the higher grades, the body consists of life-style, diet, and regiments. CONCLUSION: The merits of this CD-Program are that to be possible an interaction between teachers and students.

Pulmonary function tests were conducted in 60 male adults and 60 female adults at 20~79 years of age. They showed noevidenee of pulmonary disease on clinical symptoms, X-ray finidngs and past history. We wanted to evaluate the deterioration of pulmonary functional reserve in the aged. The results were as follows: 1) In males, FVC decreased significantly (p <0.01) from 4440+/-271.38 ml in 20~29 year-old subjects to 3090+/-445.75 ml 70~79 year-old subjects. The correlation coefficient with age was-0.6846. 2) In females, FVC decreased significantly (p<0.01) from 2097+/-479.42ml in 20~29 year-old subjects to 2142+/-233.13ml in 70~79 year-old subjects The correlation coefficient woth age was 0.6454. 3) In males, FEV, decreased significantly (p<0.01) from 4005+/-268.26 ml in 20~29 year-old subjects to 2373+/-326.36ml in 10~79 year-old subjects. The correlation coefficient with age was-0.8229. 4) In females, FEV1 decreased significantly (p<0.01) from 2586+/-519.00 ml in 20~29 yrar-old subjects to 1645+/-330.36ml in 70~79 year old subjects The correlation coefficient with age was 0.7013. 5) In males, FEV1/FVC decreased significantly (p<0.01) from 90.17+/-4.90% in 20~29 year-old subjects to 76.72+/-8.13% in 70~79 year-old subjects. The correlation coefficient with age was-0.5595. 6) In females, FEV1/FVC decreased significantly (p<0.01) from 88.66+/-6.58% in 20-29 year-old subjects to 76.80+/-9.32% in 70~79 year-old subjects. The correlation coefficient with age wae-0.4489.
Adult* ; Aging* ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Respiratory Function Tests

Sudden deafness may be defined as abrupt onset of sensorineural hearing low without definitive cause and it's pathogenesis is supposed to be a disturbance of blood flow to the inner ear. A Stellate ganglion block induces vasodilation in the head, neck and upper extremity. On this basis we performed stellate ganglion block from 2 to 21 times along with medical treatment on 7 cases of sudden deafness. The resutls were as follows: 1) Of 7 cases, 3 cases(42.9%) had complete recovery; 3 cases(42.9%) had a partial improvement; and 1 case(14.2%) had no response. 2) In patient with vertigo, the prognosis was poor. 3) The signs of a successful block were Horner's syndrome(89.8%), facial flushing (25.4%) and nasal stuffiness(10.2%). 4) The complications after Stellate ganglion block were weakness of the upper extremity(13.6%), hoarscness(10.2%), complaints of a lump in the throat(13.4%), blurred vision (1.7%), and dizziness(1.7%). Therefore, we think that the Stellate ganglion block is a valuable method of treatment in sudden deafness for the purpose of improving the blood supply to the inner ear.
Ear, Inner ; Flushing ; Head ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss, Sudden* ; Humans ; Neck ; Prognosis ; Stellate Ganglion* ; Upper Extremity ; Vasodilation ; Vertigo