No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

Clavicle medial end fracture is rare, and it has not been studied extensively. Although there is debate regarding its treatment methods, because of the complications of conservative treatment, surgical treatment has been considered more than conservative treatment. This study describes a surgical method using double-plate fixation for treatment of clavicle medial end fractures in which plates were used on each anterior and superior border according to the anatomical structure of the clavicle. In addition, we report operative results of three patients treated by double-plate fixation.
Clavicle* ; Humans

The effects of topical sodium-hyaluronan on the stromal and endothelial healing were examined in the repair process of experimental corneal alkali wounds. Corneal alkali wounds were produced in one eye of each rabbit by applying a 5.5 mm round filter paper soaked in 1N NaOH onto the central cornea for 60 seconds. Then the eyes were treated topically with either 1% Na-HA(the treatment group)or a phosphate buffered saline(PBS)(the con-trol group)4 times per day for 3 weeks. Endothelial wound morphometry was performed after alizarin red and trypan blue staining. The stromal healing was assessed by counting polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMNs)and keratocytes in the central and marginal wounds areas. The stroma treated with Na-HA had less PMNs than that of the control group during the early healing period. The defect area of the endothelium was significantly smaller in the Na-HA treated group than in the control corneas. The present findings indicate that topically applied 1%Na-HA affects stromal and endothelial healing during the early repair process after corneal alkali wounds.
Alkalies* ; Cornea ; Endothelium ; Trypan Blue ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry* ; Humans* ; Steroids*

The effects of topical dexamethasone on the endothelial healing and the change of aqueous composition were examined in the repair process of experimental corneal alkali wounds. Corneal alkali wounds were induced, then the eyes were treated topically with either 0.1%dexamethasone or abalanced salt solution[BSS]4 times per day for 8 weeks. Endothelial wound morphometry was performed after alizarin red and trypan blue staining. The concentrations of ascorbic acid, glucose, and the ions, Na, K , Ca2 and Mg2 , were measured in the aqueous humor. Endothelial healing in control corneas showed a biphasic pattern of healing:an initial short-term healing for the first week and then a late long-term healing following a secondary endothelial breakdown. Topical administration of 0.1%dexamethasone deterred endothelial healing during the early period and prevented secondary endothelial breakdown. Total repair process of endothelium was accelerated by the dexamethasone treatment. Among the various components of the aqueous humor examined, ascorbic acid seemed most sensitive to change caused by the alkali injury and dexametha-sone treatment. The present data indicate that dexamethasone may have a therapeutic potential in the management of endothelial healing after corneal alkali injury.
Administration, Topical ; Alkalies* ; Aqueous Humor ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cornea ; Dexamethasone ; Endothelium ; Glucose ; Ions ; Trypan Blue ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Orbit* ; Orbital Cellulitis*

Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia is a rare but clinica.lly distinct dermatosis first deacribed by Zeisler in 1922. It had been also called as linear telangiectasia or unilateral telangiectasia. Wilkin suggested the term unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia, in 1977. There are some reports of congenital unilateral nevoid telangiectasia but it usually occurs in women during the puberty and the third decade. Clinically it is characterized by superficial telangiectatic lesions distributed along the dermatomes uniIaterally and usually on the upper part of the body. It was reported that unilateral nevoid telangiectasia was related with elevated serum estrogen level in the many cases. We present two patients, 23-year and 25-year-old male soldiers, whose leaions were consistent with unilateral nevoid telangiectasia elinically and histopathologically.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Puberty ; Skin Diseases ; Telangiectasis*

No abstract available.
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells*

BACKGROUND: We compared elderly and adult patients and tried to find a way to make an early diagnosis and proper management for elderly patients with altered mental status in the emergency department(ED). METHODS: During one year, two groups -123 elderly patients over 65 years and 127 adult patients from 20 to 64 years who visited ED in National Police Hospital(NPH)-were selected. Sex, age, arrival time after symptom onset, means of transportation, underlying diseases, causative disease, time of notification to other departments, and pattern of discharge of two groups were analyzed. RESULTS: The average age of the elderly and the adults were 76.43+/-9.51 and 42.12+/-15.0(yrs), respectively. As for the means of transportation, 84% of the elderly used a 911 ambulance service, and 11% used other emergency services. The average times from symptom onset to arrival for two groups were 124 minutes and 69 minutes, respectively. 86.99% of the elderly and 68.38% of the adults had underlying diseases. As for final diagnosis, cerebrovascular disease for the elderly and cardiovascular disease for the adults were the main causes. When patients left the hospital, rate of transfer to other hospital was higher in the elderly(60.2%), and rate of discharge was higher in the adults(15.8%). CONCLUSION: The elderly patients had more intracranial causes and needed longer time for diagnosis than the adult patients. In the case of the patients with intracranial cause who needed an emergency care, they were usually diagnosed at the secondary medical facility and then transferred to the other hospitals for proper treatment causing bad effect on the prognosis of the treatment due to time delay.
Adult ; Aged ; Ambulances ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Humans ; Police ; Prognosis ; Transportation

It is very important for the anesthesiologists to manage this kind of patient during anesthesia because of severe hemodynamic change that is induced by aortic clamping and declamping, and its secondary effect on visce, heart and spinal cord, etc. To minimize the sudden severe hemodynamic change, we used the following agents and techniques in this clinical report. 1) Ethrane anesthesia with intermittent Innovar administration to minimize cardiac irritability. 2) To prevent secondary damage by distal hypotension during aortic clamping and declamping. 1. slight overhydration. 2. mannitol. 3. diuretics. 3) To prevent secondary damage by proximal hypertension during aortic clamping. 1. d-tubocurarine for muscle relaxation. 2. Morphine. 3. Chlorpromazine. 4. phentolamine. More over, we recommend this kind of anesthetic method in some other surgeries such as coarctation of aorta, aortic aneuryam and pheochromocytoma, etc. which may exhibit severe hemodynamic change during anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Aortic Coarctation ; Chlorpromazine ; Constriction ; Diuretics ; Enflurane ; Heart ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Renovascular* ; Hypotension ; Mannitol ; Morphine ; Muscle Relaxation ; Phentolamine ; Pheochromocytoma ; Spinal Cord ; Tubocurarine