No abstract available.
Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Meningitis, Bacterial*

BACKGROUND: The major risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes melitus and cigarrete smoking have not been studied in an attempt to provide a composition of major risk factors in Korea. Also we have met with some patients without major risk factors. METHODS: A Retrospective Study was done on 160 patients of acute myocardial infarction who had been admitted to National Medical Center within 48 hours from onset, from January 1948 to December 1992 and studied on major risk factors of acute myocardial infarction. RESULTS: 1) Among major risk factors, smoking was found in 50%, hypertension in 49%, diabetes in 25% and hypercholesterolemia in 21%. 2) The percentage of patients without major risk factors was 19%. 3) Among major risk factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes were increasing tendencies, recentely. CONCLUSION: Some patients with acute myocardial infarction don't have any major risk factors. Also hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes were increasing tendencies. So further study for other risk factors is needed and preventive management should require a commitment to behavior modification and alteration in life-style.
Behavior Therapy ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Compartment Syndromes*

Female ; Humans ; Lip ; Male ; Maxilla ; Nose ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy

PURPOSE: A number of clinical decision tools for osteoporosis risk assessment have been developed to select postmenopausal women for the measurement of bone mineral density. We developed and validated machine learning models with the aim of more accurately identifying the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women compared to the ability of conventional clinical decision tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected medical records from Korean postmenopausal women based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The training data set was used to construct models based on popular machine learning algorithms such as support vector machines (SVM), random forests, artificial neural networks (ANN), and logistic regression (LR) based on simple surveys. The machine learning models were compared to four conventional clinical decision tools: osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST), osteoporosis risk assessment instrument (ORAI), simple calculated osteoporosis risk estimation (SCORE), and osteoporosis index of risk (OSIRIS). RESULTS: SVM had significantly better area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic than ANN, LR, OST, ORAI, SCORE, and OSIRIS for the training set. SVM predicted osteoporosis risk with an AUC of 0.827, accuracy of 76.7%, sensitivity of 77.8%, and specificity of 76.0% at total hip, femoral neck, or lumbar spine for the testing set. The significant factors selected by SVM were age, height, weight, body mass index, duration of menopause, duration of breast feeding, estrogen therapy, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: Considering various predictors associated with low bone density, the machine learning methods may be effective tools for identifying postmenopausal women at high risk for osteoporosis.
Aged ; *Artificial Intelligence ; Bone Density/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal

A 44-year-old man had been admitted for dyspnea on exertion and abdominal distension. The echocardiography revealed abnormal mass in right atrium and tricuspid valve stenosis with right ventricular obliteration. The operation was performed with mass removal, enlargement of tricuspid valve opening, and right ventricular endocardiectomy. And then, atrial septal defect was made due to inadequate right ventricular volume. The patient's symptom was improved and he discharged without events. The endomyocardial fibrosis was diagnosed with microscopic examination. Eighteen months later, the patient was readmitted due to aggravated dyspnea and cyanosis. The right ventricular obliteration was progressed and pulmonary blood flow was severely decreased in follow up echocardiography. Palliative bidirectional cavo-pulmonary shunt was performed due to functional single ventricle. The dyspnea and cyanosis was markedly improved. Bidirectional cavo-pulmonary shunt for advanced and isolated right ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis provided effective palliation at early postoperative period, However, long-term follow up is mandatory.
Adult ; Cyanosis ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Endomyocardial Fibrosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure* ; Heart Atria ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Tricuspid Valve ; Tricuspid Valve Stenosis

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis viral markers and ALT levels were evaluated in 190,679 blood donors to infer correlation between positive and control groups. The positive rate of anti-HBc was also observed in HBsAg and anti-HBs negative donors to know necessity about adding the item to the donor screening test. METHODS: The viral markers were tested by EIA method and ALT test was carried by auto-chemistry analyzer. Anti-HCV ELISA positive samples were confirmed by immunoblot assay. RESULTS: The rate of HBsAg(+) was 3.01% and that of anti-HCV was 0.54% of blood donors. The rate of HBsAg(+) and anti-HCV(+) was 0.01% of blood donors. Average ALT level of anti-HCV(+) (immunoblot assay) group was significantly higher than that of the control group. (p<0.001). The positive rate of anti-HCV in confirmatory test (immunoblot assay) was 15.76%. The proportion of donors who were HBsAg(-) and anti-HBs(-) and anti-HBc(+) was 1.87% in 1500 blood donors. CONCLUSION: The average ALT levels seem to be not correlated with viral hepatitis marker positivity except anti-HCV immunoblot assay positivity. It is suggested that anti-HBc and anti-HBs test should be added to screening test for donors and recipients to prevent post transfusional hepatitis.
Biomarkers ; Blood Donors ; Donor Selection ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Tissue Donors*

No abstract available.
Neuralgia ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spinal Cord Diseases

Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown origin. Giant coronary aneurysm is one of the most serious complications, although peripheral artery vasculitis can produce life-threatening events. Myocardial ischemia and infarction can be caused by coronary artery stenosis, aneurysm, and stagnation of blood flow in coronary arteries which triggers thromboembolism. Atypical presentation in young infants often interferes with prompt diagnosis and timely treatment, resulting in poor outcomes. We describe a 3-month-old infant with multiple giant coronary aneurysms with flow stagnation, stenosis and large mural thrombus due to Kawasaki disease. He presented with a prolonged course of severe coronary involvement in spite of all measures to reduce coronary complications. Finally, surgical intervention was tried because of the worsening coronary artery abnormalities. The patient died of acute cardiorespiratory failure shortly after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Aneurysm* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Thrombosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infarction ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis* ; Vasculitis ; Weaning

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate correlation the of histological variables and the clinical features of microinvasive cervical cancer with the depth of invasion and to establish the adequate therapeutic modality. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-seven patients with microinvasive cervical cancer diagnosed by FIGO (1994) staging were reviewed, who were treated by conization, type I hysterectomy, type II hysterectomy and type III hysterectomy, in Gil Medical center from January 1997 to December 2001. We divided the depth of invasion to three groups of less than 1 mm, 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm. RESULTS: The age of the 137 women ranged from 24 to 71 years (mean age 47.4 years). The number of patients with FIGO stage IA1 and IA2 were 112 and 24, respectively. Of surgically treated 135 patients, lymph node involvement was present in 1 patient with a depth of invasion of less than 1 mm, 2 patients with 1-3 mm and 1 patient with 3-5 mm. Lymph-vascular space involvement was present in 3 patients with 1-3 mm, 4 patients with 3-5 mm. Transient bladder dysfunction was the most common complication after surgical procedures, occupying 5.6%. Other surgical complications included lymphedema (3.6%), wound complication (3.6%), ureter injury (1.1%), lymphocele (1.1%), anal incontinence (1.1%) and dyspareunia (1.1%). CONCLUSION: A management should be individualized. Patients with a depth of invasion of less than 1mm and clear resection margin may be managed by conization. Further follow-up study for a necessity of lymphadenectomy for the group with the depth of invasion of 1-3 mm irrespective of lymph-vascular space involvement is demanded.
Conization ; Dyspareunia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphedema ; Lymphocele ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Wounds and Injuries