Objective To optimize extraction process of flavonoids from Toosendan Fructus.Methods Three parameters that significantly affect the extraction rate of flavonoids, ratio of material to water, extraction time and ethanol concentration, were taken into consideration for extraction ratio of flavonoids from Toosendan Fructus. Based on the results of single-factor experiment, the extraction parameters of flavonoids from Toosendan Fructus were optimized by Box-Behnken of response surface methodology (RSM).Results The optimum extraction conditions were as follow: material to water ratio was 1:35; extraction time should be 3 h; ethanol concentration was 70%. The extraction ratio was up to 0.587 3% in the optimum extraction conditions.Conclusion The actual value is highly matching the theoretically value of RSM model. The results indicated that this method can rationally optimize extraction process of flavonoids from Toosendan Fructus.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical value of artificial intelligence-assisted breast ultrasound in screening breast cancer in Tibet.Methods:Two hundred and eighty-six women who participated in breast cancer screening in Shigatse People′s Hospital from August to September in 2021 were selected. The study included four groups. Group 1, ultrasound screening by senior breast ultrasound doctors from Shanghai; Group 2: local ultrasound doctors used intelligent-assisted ultrasound equipment for screening; Group 3: local ultrasound technicians used intelligent-assisted ultrasound equipment for screening; Group 4: ultrasound screening by local ultrasound doctors. The pathological results of screening positive cases and six-month ultrasound follow-up results of negative cases were set as the gold standard.Results:Twenty-seven lesions of 21 persons were screened positive. Pathology showed that 1 case of invasive ductal carcinoma, 1 case of severe atypical hyperplasia, 6 cases of fibroadenoma, 5 cases of breast disease, 14 cases of breast hyperplasia. Two hundred and sixty-five persons were screened negative, and the results of the six-month ultrasound follow-up were still negative. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of group 2 were 0.966, 1, and 0.964 respectively; The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of group 3 were 0.935, 0.769, and 0.943 respectively; The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of group 4 were 0.860, 0.308 and 0.885 respectively. The accuracy and area under the curve of groups 2 and 3 were significantly different from that of group 4 (all P<0.001), and there was no significant difference from that of group 1 ( P=0.063, P=0.055). Conclusions:Artificial intelligence-assisted breast ultrasound screening technology can effectively improve the screening efficiency of non-breast ultrasound specialists and technicians. It is very suitable to solve the problems faced by grass-roots screening in Tibet and has great social significance and clinical value.

Objective: To construct a scientific behavioral research of pasta matrix reaching task (PMRT) and comprehensively evaluate sensory-motor dysfunction caused by brain injury. Methods: Twenty-one SD rats were subjected to 14-days pasta matrix grasping training and then were randomly divided into model group (11 rats) and sham group (6 rats). Motor cortex ischemia was induced by injection of endothelin-1 in SD rats. The number of pasta grabed by the injured forelimb and the location in matrix were evaluated daily 7 days after surgery. The infarct volume was measured by Nissl staining at the 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days after stroke. Results: The number of pasta obtained by rats was reduced from (33.43±1.02) to (20.57±0.57) at 7 days post stroke in model group, and then increased to (26.85±0.98) at 28 days post stroke, although there was a significant difference between sham group(32.33±1.45) and ischemic group (t=3.198, P<0.05). The frequency of retrieval from each slot of the pasta matrix represented that sham group demonstrated a significant gain in performance in the antero quadrant of the matrix compared to ischemic rats by the fourth week after stroke.The stroke volume was decreased from (37.82±1.17)mm³ at 7 days post-stroke to (24.35±0.38)mm³ at 28 days post-stroke, indicating brain recovery from ischemic injury. Conclusion The pasta matrix reaching task can function as a versatile and sensitive behavioral assay that permits experimenters to collect accurate outcome data and manipulate limb use to mimic human clinical phenomena including compensatory strategies and focused rehabilitative training after stroke.