OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of Stronger Neo-Mioniphagen C(SNMC)on liver function of the patients with hepatocarcinoma associated with cirrhosis.METHODS:55patients with hepatocarcinoma associated with cirrhosis were allocated to2groups randomly,group A:before operation SNMC(1ml/kg)was dripped intravenously to the patients,group B:before surgery NS(1ml/kg)was administered.On the1st、3rd、6th postoperative day,the index of liver function of the perive?nous blood were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:On the1st、3rd postoperative day,all the value of liver function in both group is higher than the basic,and the value in group A is lower than that in group B(P

BACKGROUND: The treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM) aims at sustaining the spinal cord compression and restoring the stability of the cervical vertebrae at most.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characters of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion and expansive open-door laminoplasty for MCSM.METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with MCSM were divided into two groups, and treated with anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (group A) or posterior cervical expansive open-door laminoplasty (group B). All the patients were followed up for 12 months, and the range of motion of cervical vertebrae, cervical curvature index were observed,as well as the Visual Analogue Scale and Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were condueted. Moreover, the operation time, blood loss and adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The loss of range of motion of the cervical vertebrae in the group B was significantly less than that in the group A (P < 0.05). (2) The cervical curvature index in the group A was significantly improved (P < 0.05), but the index had no significant change in the group B. (3) The axial systems were significantly improved in both groups, especially in the group A (P < 0.05). (4) The neurological function was significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.05), which showed no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). (5) The intraoperative blood loss in the group B was significantly more than that in the group A (P < 0.05). (6) The incidence of hoarseness and dysphagia in the group A was 19％. The incidence of wound infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and C5 nerve root palsy in the group B was 9％. (7) These results suggest that during choosing an appropriate method for MCSM,surgeons' skills and patients' situation should be considered.

AIM: To investigate whether a pathological micro-environmental culture system consisting of cholestatic sera induces embryonic stem cells (ESC) to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells in vitro, and select hepatic stem cells from differentiating embryonic stem cells. METHODS: Mouse ESC, E14 cell line, were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 106 U/L recombinant mouse leukemia inhibitory factor (rmLIF) and 10% FCS. After embryonic bodies formed by the hanging drop culture method, they were exposed to fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for one week, and then placed to a pathological micro-environmental culture system consisting of 5% cholestatic sera and cultured for 2 weeks. Morphological examination, immunocytochemical staining of albumin and CK8/18 were carried out, and mRNA level of albumin and transthyretin were detected by RT-PCR. Glycogen storage and urea synthesis of the cells were tested with PAS staining and colorimetric assay, respectively. RESULTS: The proliferation of cells was inhibited at the early stage when cultured in a pathological micro-environmental culture system consisting of 5% cholestatic sera, but 2 weeks later, a large number of epithelial-like cell colonies were observed, which exhibited hepatocellular phenotype, expressing albumin and CK8/18, transcribing mRNA of albumin and transthyretin and synthesizing glycogen and urea. CONCLUSION: A pathological micro- environmental culture system consisting of 5% cholestatic sera could not only induce embryonic stem cells to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells, but select hepatic stem cells from differentiating embryonic stem cells initially induced by FGF-4 and HGF in vitro as well.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of four closure techniques ,large incision with plastic distal at‐tachment and clip with suction ,1 .1 cm small incision with plastic distal attachment and clip with suction in natural orifice translu‐minal endoscopic surgery(NOTES) .Methods Forty‐one ex vivo porcine stomachs were involved in this research .According to the size of incision and different methods of incision closure ,all ex vivo porcine stomachs were divided into four groups .Group A in‐volved 8 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closured by a clip closure direct‐ly ;group B involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closed by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique;group C involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and their incisions were by a clip closure directly ;group D involved 13 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and closured by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique .Stomach leaks were evaluated by leaking studies after the procedure .Results In group A ,1 incision was closed successfully ,7 incisions were clo‐sured unsuccessfully ;in group B ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closed unsuccessfully ;in group C ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closured unsuccessfully ;in group D ,11 incisions were closed successfully ,2 incisions were Closured unsuccessfully .Fisher′s exact test showed that group D was significantly related to the success of incision closure .The were significant differences between group A and D ,group B and group D(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Small incision(smaller than 1 cm) and plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique are optimal in NOTES procedure in this ex vivo porcine stomachs study .

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the changing features of mandarin-tone recognition in lower prelingual children with cochlear implant after mapping. METHOD: Twenty-nine children with CI were registered in this test, who were divided into two groups according to the age received the operation. They were group A whose ages were 3 to 4.5 years old, and group B whose ages were 5.0 to 6.5 years old. The time after first mapping was between 1.5 and -2.0 years. The test only included close-set phonetic recognition which was mainly used to evaluate Mandarin-tone recognition. The Phonetic Recognition List was used as the test material. RESULT: The results showed that the percentages of correct recognition were same-single-syllable tones average (63.00+/-16.75)%; bi-syllable tones average (75. 60+/-11.18)%; single-character words average (72.38+/-11.39)% in A group children and respectively, (49.46+/-13.91)%; (64.71+/-9.64)%; (55.71+/-8.59)% in B group children. The recognition scores exceeded chance level in all results and they were better in A group. Statistical analysis(t test) showed significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION The age is one of the most influence factors about Mandarin-tone recognition after implanting in pre-lingual children with CI. It is another important factor to influence studying Chinese after operation in the children.
Age Factors ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Speech Discrimination Tests

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of paraquat (PQ) poisoning and to observe the changes in inflammatory cytokines in PQ-exposed rats treated in different ways.

METHODSFifty 8-week-old clean male Wistar rats were randomly divided into high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, PQ poisoning group, and blank control group. On days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 after PQ exposure, serum levels of transforming growth factor-β₁(TGF-β₁) , tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) , and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. The pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by HE staining.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, and PQ poisoning group had significantly increased serum levels of TGF-β₁, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05) , and the three cytokines in each group reached peak levels on day 14 after exposure. Compared with the PQ poisoning group, the high-dose curcumin group had significantly reduced serum levels of TGF-β₁, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05). On day 21 after exposure, there were no significant differences in serum levels of TGF-β₁, TNF-α, and IL-6 between the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group and the low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group (P>0.05). The HE staining revealed alveolar inflammatory changes on days 1~7 and massive pulmonary fibrosis on days 14~21 in the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, and PQ poisoning group, but the above changes were milder in the high-dose curcumin group than in the PQ poisoning group.

CONCLUSIONFor rats with PQ poisoning, curcumin can significantly reduce inflammatory response and pathological changes in lung tissue and inhibit and delay the development and progression of body injury.

Animals ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Cytokines ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathogenesis of paraquat poisoning and observe the change in lipid peroxidation of rats treated with different doses of curcumin.

METHODSA total of 50 8-week-old male Wistar rats (clean grade) were randomly divided into high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin treatment group, poisoned group, and blank control group. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rat serum were measured at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d post paraquat injection.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, other groups had significantly higher MDA levels but lower SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activities. The high-dose, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment, and high-dose curcumin treatment groups had significantly lower serum lipid peroxidation levels compared with the poisoned group and among them the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group had the most significant improvement.

CONCLUSIONCurcumin can significantly decrease serum lipid peroxidation level in rats and inhibit and delay the occurrence and progression of the damage to the body.

Animals ; Catalase ; blood ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Objective The optimal access for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is still uncertain .This study was designed to compare the practicability and maneuverability of transgastric ,transunmbilical ,and transrectal approach in abdominal surgery in a canine model .Methods Three dogs were used in this research .Three approach :trangastric ,transunmbilical and tran-srectal approach were carried out for abdominal exploration ,liver biopsy ,bladder biopsy and an attempted cholecystectomy .The ma-neuverability ,endoscopic image ,performer′s perception ,and spatial orientation were evaluated .Results The maneuverability of trangastric ,and transrectal approach NOTES were better than transunmbilical NOTES .Abdominal exploration ,live biopsy ,and bladder biopsy were completed successfully .The cholecystectomy was failed because of poor exposure and difficulty of separating the around tissure .Conclusion The optimal approach for upper abdomen NOTES is transrectal route .For lower abdomen NOTES , the trangastric approach is superior to other accesses .Further study is needed to develop more flexible and precise equipment for NOTES and to evaluate more feasible access approach .