tumors.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as a promising cell source to treat the acute myocardial infarction. However, over 90% of the stem cells usually die in the first three days of transplantation. Survival potential, migration ability and paracrine capacity have been considered as the most important three factors for cell transplantation in the ischemic cardiac treatment. We hypothesized that stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis plays a critical role in the regulation of these processes. In this study, apoptosis was induced by exposure of MSCs to H(2)O(2) for 2 h. After re-oxygenation, the SDF-1 pretreated MSCs demonstrated a significant increase in survival and proliferation. SDF-1 pretreatment also enhanced the migration and increased the secretion of pro-survival and angiogenic cytokines including basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Western blot and RT-PCR demonstrated that SDF-1 pretreatment significantly activated the pro-survival Akt and Erk signaling pathways and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio. These protective effects were partially inhibited by AMD3100, an antagonist of CXCR4.We conclude that the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is critical for MSC survival, migration and cytokine secretion.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; physiology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Movement ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; genetics ; pharmacology ; physiology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; metabolism ; physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of 99mTc-DTPA nuclide renal dynamic imaging in early renal damage in elderly essential hypertension(EH). Methods Among the elderly patients with essential hypertension who were enrolled in our hospital. 86 patients were enrolled as the study subjects. They were divided into two groups according to the results of 24-hour urinary microalbuminuria(MA):MA negative(A) group and MA posistive(B) group.Meanwhile,20 elderly healthy persons were selected as the control group. 99mTc-DTPA re-nal dynamic imaging was performed in all subjects to detect couple glomerular filtration rate(GFR),the peak time(TP),half emptying time(T1/2) and ration of 20 min and peak phase kidney radioactivity count(T20/P%).At the same time,MA,serum cystatin C(Cys-C),surem creatinine(SCr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were de-tected and compared with three groups. Rusults(1)The positive rate of early renal damage with 99mTc-DTPA nu-clide renal dynamic imaging method was significantly higher than those of two later methods(P < 0.01).(2)The levels of GFR,TP,T1/2,and T20/P% in group A were significantly higher than those in the control group and those in group B significantly higher than those in group A(P<0.05).(3)The levels of MA and Cys-C in group A was sig-nificantly higher than that of the control group,and those in group B significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).In comparisons of SCr and BUN among the three groups,the results had no significant difference. Conclu-sion 99mTc-DTPA nuclide renal dynamic imaging can early detect the renal damage in elderly EH patients,and it has better clinical value.

Objective:To investigate the effects of β-glucan on the activation and functions of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) induced under different conditions.Methods:Mouse bone marrow from the tibia and fibula was in vitro induced into FL-DCs and GM-DCs by FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt-3L) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in combination with IL-4 into, respectively. These cells were stimulated with whole glucan particles (WGP) and flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of surface molecules such as CD40, CD80, MHCⅠ, MHCⅡ, CD8α, and CD11b on them. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-12p40, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in cell culture supernatants. The expression of each cytokine and chemokine receptor at the mRNA level was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. CD8 + and CD4 + T cells in OT-Ⅰ and OT-Ⅱ mice were sorted out by magnetic bead sorting kit and co-cultured with FL-DCs and GM-DCs in the presence of ovalbumin (OVA). And then, the proliferation and differentiation of T cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results:WGP significantly promoted the expression of CD40, CD80, MHCⅠ, MHCⅡ and CD8α on FL-DCs and GM-DCs ( P<0.05). The secretion of IL-12p40 and TNF-α by FL-DCs and GM-DCs was significantly enhanced after WGP treatment ( P<0.05), while there are significant differences in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-10 between FL-DCs and GM-DCs. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that WGP promoted the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7 by GM-DCs ( P<0.001 and P<0.01), and the expression of CCR7 by FL-DCs ( P<0.0001). WGP promoted CD4 + T cells to secrete more IFN-γ and IL-17α when they were co-cultured with FL-DCs or GM-DCs ( P<0.05). Conclusions:WGP induces the maturation of BMDCs and improves the ability of BMDCs to activate effector T cells. Besides, WGP prompts the differentiation of BMDCs that are induced under different conditions to different Th cells.