Objective To evaluate the radiographic and CT findings and its diagnostic value of burst fracture of thoracolumbar spine.Methods The features of the frontal and lateral X-ray films and CT in 45 cases of burst fracture of thoracolumbar spine were reviewed.Results Among 45 cases there were type A in 15 cases,type B in 18 cases,type D in 7 cases and type E in 5 cases,three-column injury in 24 cases,two-column injury in 21 cases,the spinal canal narrowing:0?in 5 cases,Ⅰ?in 18 cases,Ⅱ?in 20 cases,Ⅲ?in 2 cases;the line of the posterior rim of the vertebral body being abnormity in 33 cases.Conclusion In examination of thoracolumbar burst fracture,both X-ray films and CT scan are of their own advantages and disadvantages,and they are only in combinodion with each other to improve the accurate diagnostic rate.