OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of garlic oil combined with 5-FU induced apoptosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-M. METHOD: Human salivary in adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line AC-M was cultured, divided into the experimental group (5-FU group, garlic oil group, garlic oil + 5-FU group) and the control group, to observe the growth activity of tumor cells by MTT methods; to analyse the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis rate by flow cytometry. RESULT: MTT experiments showed that 5-FU, garlic oil, garlic oil and 5-FU on ACC-M cells have inhibition in different concentration, with the increase of concentration and action time of the rise; Cell cycle analysis showed significant changes in flow cytometry. With the increase of concentration and the acting time, the G0/G1, phase of the cell ratio increased, S had no significant change, but G2/M phase cells decreased. Apoptosis rate display showed garlic oil combined with 5-FU induced apoptosis of ACC-M cells was significantly stronger than single group. CONCLUSION Garlic oil can effectively induce the apoptosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-M. The effect of garlic oil combined with 5-FU on ACC-M cells was stronger than the garlic oil, 5-FU used alone.
Allyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Sulfides ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the effect of fear-induced stress during pregnancy on the expression of glucose transporters(GLUT)in the placenta,providing evidence for the theory of fetal damage caused by fear-induced stress during pregnancy.Methods Twenty pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group and a model group of 10 rats each.In the model group,a fear-induced stress model was established using the modified bystander electroshock method for 20 days.After the experiment,the number of offspring and the weights of the placenta and fetal rats were measured,and the placental efficiency was calculated.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphological changes of placental cells.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen for differential genes in placentas affected by pregnancy stress-phobia,and gene set enrichment analysis was performed.Protein immunoblotting(Western Blot),Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR),and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of GLUT1,GLUT3,GLUT6,and GLUT7 proteins and genes.Results The placental efficiency was significantly reduced in the model group compared with that in the control group.The result of transmission electron microscopy in the model group showed that the placental microvilli were sparse and short and that the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were swollen.Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that placental genes were significantly enriched in cellular glucose homeostasis in the model group compared with those in the control group.The result of Western Blot,Real-time PCR,and immunohistochemistry indicated a decrease in both the protein and gene expression levels of GLUT1,GLUT6,and GLUT7 in the placenta of pregnant rats.Conclusions Prenatal exposure to fear-induced stress may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.These adverse outcomes are potentially associated with reduced levels of three key GLUTs in the placenta:GLUT1,GLUT6,and GLUT7.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of five-element music on the social behavior of the children of mothers with fear stress during pregnancy and provide a basis for the early prevention and treatment of clinical fetogenic affective disorders.Methods Forty-five pregnant mice were randomly divided into three groups:a control group,model group,and five-element music group.The model and five-element music group models were established using the bystander electric shock method.Additionally,the five-element music group was exposed to Palace Tune five-element music daily from 17:00 to 19:00 during pregnancy.On the 19th day of pregnancy,ELISA was employed to assess the levels of adrenocorticotropin(ACTH)and cortisol(CORT)in the serum of pregnant mice in each group for modeling evaluation.The offspring were subsequently grouped with their mother and underwent an 8-week-old three-box social experiment to observe their social behavior.We used the immunofluorescence double-labeling method to detect glutamatergic neuron activity in the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)of the offspring.High-performance liquid chromatography was employed to measure the total glutamate(Glu)content in the mPFC,while Gorky staining was used to observe changes in the dendritic spines of mPFC neurons in the offspring.Results Compared to those in the blank group,pregnant mice in the model group exhibited a significant increase in the levels of ACTH and CORT in their serum,and there was a significant decrease in the social interaction time and social novelty preference index of their offspring.There was also a significant decrease in glutamate neuron activity,glutamate content,and neuronal dendritic spine density.In contrast,compared with those in the model group,pregnant mice in the five-element music group demonstrated a reduction in the levels of ACTH and CORT in the serum,and there were improvements in the social behavior,glutamate neuron activity,glutamate content,and condition of neuronal dendritic spines in the offspring.Conclusions Intervention with five-element music effectively ameliorated the offspring's social behavior disorder result ing from prenatal fear stress;the mechanism was potentially linked to enhanced glutamate neuron activity in the mPFC region.

Fear, a negative emotion triggered by dangerous stimuli, can lead to psychiatric disorders such as phobias, anxiety disorders, and depression. Investigating the neural circuitry underlying congenital fear can offer insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of related psychiatric conditions. Research on innate fear primarily centers on the response mechanisms to various sensory signals, including olfactory, visual and auditory stimuli. Different types of fear signal inputs are regulated by distinct neural circuits. The neural circuits of the main and accessory olfactory systems receive and process olfactory stimuli, mediating defensive responses like freezing. Escape behaviors elicited by visual stimuli are primarily regulated through the superior colliculus and hypothalamic projection circuits. Auditory stimuli-induced responses, including escape, are mainly mediated through auditory cortex projection circuits. In this article, we review the research progress on neural circuits of innate fear defensive behaviors in animals. We further discuss the different sensory systems, especially the projection circuits of olfactory, visual and auditory systems, to provide references for the mechanistic study of related mental disorders.
Animals ; Humans ; Fear/physiology* ; Nerve Net