AIM: To investigate the role of infiltration of macrophages and expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 in the pathogenesis of oleic-acid-induced acute lung injury rats. METHODS: The rats were subjected to injection of oleic acid (oleic acid group) or saline solution (control). After injecting oleic acid or saline for 4 hours, the PaO 2 of the left heart, lung permeability index(LPI), the number of macrophage and the levels of soluble intercellular molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. The levels of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA were evaluated by in situ hybridization and the degree of macrophage infiltration and the expression of ICAM-1 were evaluated by double staining immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The PaO 2 of the oleic acid group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P

AIM: To investigate the effect of antisense RNA on osteopontin (OPN) expression in renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Cell clone expressing stably OPN antisense RNA was formed by transfering retroviral vector expressing OPN antisense RNA into renal tubular epithelial cells, NRK52E cells, using liposome, with cell clones transfected by empty vector and vector expressing OPN sense RNA as controls. Ribonuclease protection assay(RPA), Western Blot, ELISA and assay of OPN activity were performed to detect expression of OPN mRNA and protein in above clones cultured with or without epidermal growth factor(EGF). RESULTS: The antisense RNA was only expressed by antisense clone. Antisense clone, sense clone and empty clone all expressed OPN mRNA. EGF enhanced expression of OPN mRNA, but not OPN antisense RNA or OPN sense RNA in above clones. OPN protein was not expressed in antisense clone cultured with or without EGF and empty clone cultured without EGF, but was expressed in sense clone cultured with or without EGF and empty clone cultured with EGF. CONCLUSION: Antisense RNA can inhibit OPN protein expression by means of preventing OPN mRNA translation, but not inhibit OPN mRNA transcription in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Objective To explore the brain electrophysiological mechanism of object rotation in first-episode schizophrenia.Methods 30 patients with schizophrenia and 28 normal healthy people,who were from the Center for Mental Disease Control and Prevention,Third Hospital of PLA,took part in the mental rotation tasks,then the incubation period and amplitude of P500,and the wrong number and reaction time were measured.Results Compared with control group ( normal:(494.16 ± 34.68 ) ms,( 9.56 ± 2.54) μV; mirror:(496.51 ± 33.10 ) ms,(6.38 ± 2.41 ) μV),schizophrenia' incubation periods were significantly delayed ( normal:( 571.30 ± 51.21 ) ms;mirror:(573.41 ±39.27) ms) and volatility were significantly lower ( normal:(4.26 ± 1.01 ) μV; mirror:(3.61± 1.21 )μV) in normal and mirror rotation (P＜0.05 ).The mirror-normal differences were not significant on the incubation periods of two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ) ; the mirror-normal image differences were not significant on the patient group' volatility (P ＞ 0.05 ) ; the normal volatility was significantly higher than mirror in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Schizophrenia'mental rotation ability is impaired,and mirror-normal differences on mental rotation are disappeared.It can be used as an early-stage clinical auxiliary diagnosis index.

Objective To compare the effects of high negative pressure drainage and conventional drainage on postoperative blood loss and wound healing in patients with calcaneal fracture. Methods A prospective randomized controlled single-blinded trial was conducted on the 66 patients with closed calcaneal facture who had been treated from June 2012 to March 2016 in our hospital. They were randomized by coin into 2 groups: 36 patients (aged from 21 to 65 years with a mean age of 38.1 years) were treated with a high vacuum drainage system while the other 30 (aged from 19 to 66 years with a mean age of 37.5 years) with a conventional silicone tube and a drainage vessel. The 2 groups were treated by the same team of surgeons and the same surgical procedures. The 2 groups were compared in terms of postoperative drainage volume, hemoglobin (HGB), bleeding volume, wound healing time, incision complications and wound infection. Results The high negative pressure group incurred significantly greater drainage volume (516.7 ± 138.8 mL) and bleeding volume (612.9 ± 179.5 mL) than the conventional drainage group (305.8 ± 95.4 mL and 437.8 ± 102.0 mL) (P <0.05). The former incurred significantly less HGB (116.8 ± 6.9 g/L) and wound healing time (15.2 ± 3.1 d) than the latter (124.1 ± 7.8 g/L and 18.5 ± 4.2 d) (P <0.05). The rate of incision complications for the high negative pressure group (5.6%, 2/36) was significantly lower than that for the conventional drainage group (26.7%, 8/30) (χ2=4.150, P=0.042). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the rate of wound infection (0 versus 3.3%) (P=0.927). Conclusion After surgery for calcaneal fractures, high negative pressure drainage may lead to faster wound healing and fewer postoperative wound complications but greater blood loss and lower HGB than conventional drainage.

Multicolor imaging (MCI) based on confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy can gather more diagnostic information than traditional fundus photographs through utilizing three wavelengths of laser to scan posterior retina, which gain different layer reflected signal since the depth of penetration into retina is different for each wavelength. Currently, it provides important information and reference value for diagnose of different layer diseases on retina or choroid combining MCI with OCT, FAF, FFA and so on. However, there are still misunderstandings in the diagnosis of retinal diseases with MCI. Careful observation of retinal details in MCI, CFP and other imaging methods is more conducive to the correct diagnosis of fundus ophthalmopathy.

Objective To explore the outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation ( ORIF ) with transarticular screws for Lisfranc injuries and the postoperative incidence of symptomatic tarsometatarsal os-teoarthritis ( OA ) . Methods This retrospective study involved 28 patients who had been treated surgically at our institution between January 2009 and January 2015 for Lisfranc injuries. They were 18 males and 10 females, with an average age of 36. 1 years ( from 19 to 54 years ) . According to the Quenu-Kuss classifica-tion, 5 patients had type-A injury, 10 type-B injury ( 4 cases of type-B1 and 6 ones of type-B2 ) , and 13 type-C injury ( 8 cases of type-C1 and 5 ones of type-C2 ) . The patients underwent ORIF with screws for the 1st to the 3rd tarsometatarsal joints and ORIF with Kirschner wires for the 4th to the 5th tarsometatarsal joints within 2 weeks. After the Kirschner wires were removed 8 to 10 weeks postoperatively, progressive weight-bearing began. Functional outcomes were assessed according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ( AOFAS ) midfoot scores and visual analog scale ( VAS ) at final follow-ups. Results The mean duration of follow-up was 29. 9 months ( from 26 to 72 months ) . AOFAS scores revealed one excellent case, 22 good ones and 5 poor ones with an excellent to good rate of 82. 1％. The mean VAS score was 2. 8. Radiographic evidence of OA was noted in 20 patients ( 71. 4％, 20/28 ) , in 18 of whom ( 90. 0％) symp-tomatic OA was observed. There was no significant difference ( P=0. 399 ) in the incidence of symptomatic OA either between the patients with anatomic reduction ( 60. 9％, 14/23 ) and those without anatomical re-duction ( 80. 0％, 4/5 ) . Conclusions ORIF with transarticular screws can lead to good therapeutic outcomes for Lisfranc injuries. The incidence of symptomatic OA may not be related to the injury type or re-duction quality.

Sleep deficiency is a common public health problem associated with many diseases, such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we established a sleep deprivation (SD) mouse model using a ‘stick over water’ method and observed the effect of sleep deficiency on ocular surface health. We found that SD decreased aqueous tear secretion; increased corneal epithelial cell defects, corneal sensitivity, and apoptosis; and induced squamous metaplasia of the corneal epithelium. These pathological changes mimic the typical features of dry eye. However, there was no obvious corneal inflammation and conjunctival goblet cell change after SD for 10 days. Meanwhile, lacrimal gland hypertrophy along with abnormal lipid metabolites, secretory proteins and free amino-acid profiles became apparent as the SD duration increased. Furthermore, the ocular surface changes induced by SD for 10 days were largely reversed after 14 days of rest. We conclude that SD compromises lacrimal system function and induces dry eye. These findings will benefit the clinical diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disorder-related ocular surface diseases.