The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity induced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and T cell subsets including T_1,T_4 and T_8 form 52 cases with psoriasis have been sti-multaneously detected with the L929 cell cytotoxic assay and monoclonal antibody indirect im-munofluenscence method,respectively.The results indicated that the TNF activity (6.13?2.41u/ml),the percentage of T_4 cell (4.63?6.31%) and ratio of T_4/T_8 cell (1.54?0.27) inpsoriasis were all lower than that of in normal individual (P

Objective To discuss clinical effect of anti-inflammatory No.1 on prevention and treat-ment of chemotherapeutic phlebitis. Methods 200 patients undergoing peripheral venous chemotherapy were divided into the observation group and the control group with 100 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing, the observation group was given local compression with gauze dipped with anti-inflammatory No.1 agents. The incidence of phlebitis was compared between the two groups and un-derwent χ2 test. Results The incidence of phlebitis in the observation group was lower than that of the control group. Conclusions Application of local compression with anti-inflammatory No.1 agents proves to be an effective method in prevention and treatment of chemotherapeutic phlebitis.

AIM:To construct a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pLNCX/anti-CD20scFv/IgGFc/CD80/CD28/? and detect its expression in NIH 3T3 cells.METHODS:CD28-? cDNA was amplified from the plasmids pBULLET and inserted into pLNCX vector that contained anti-CD20 scFv/IgGFc/CD80 gene.The recombinant plasmids were transfected into NIH 3T3 cells,and resistant clones were obtained by G418 selection.The gene expression of the fusion protein was determined by RT-PCR and FACS.RESULTS:The recombinant eukaryotic vector was constructed successfully,determined by PCR and enzyme digestion analysis.The target gene was amplified from NIH 3T3 cells transfected with the vectors by RT-PCR.The FACS showed that recombinant protein was expressed in NIH 3T3 cells.CONCLUSION:Construction of pLNCX/anti-CD20scFv/IgGFc/CD80/CD28/? expression vector and its expression in NIH 3T3 cells lay the foundation for further research of generation of modified T lymphocytes to CD20 positive lymphoma.

AIM:To investigate the target killing effect of T lymphocytes with chimeric CD20scFv gene on Daudi cells and the activation of T lymphocytes.METHODS:Two kinds of plasmids were transfected into retrovirus-packed PA317 cell lines.The supernatant was collected from successfully transfected PA317 culture and was used to infect peripheral blood T lymphocytes.After one-week screening with G418,the cells were used to kill Daudi and K562 cells.The positive rates of AnnexinⅤ in Daudi cells were measured at different times points respectively by flow cytometry.Meanwhile,the level of IL-2 and IFN-? were determined by ELISA.RESULTS:The Annexin V positive rate was significant higher in Daudi cells compared to control K562 cell lines at 24 h.No difference of AnnexinV in Daudi cells was observed in CD20 modification T lymphocyte groups.The secretions of IL-2 and IFN-? in CD20scFv-CD80-IgGFc-CD28-? gene modified T cells co-cultured with Daudi cells were dramatically higher than that in CD20scFv-IgGFc group at 72 h.CONCLUSION:① The two kinds of genetic modified specific T cells have no significant difference in inducing early apoptosis of Daudi cells.CD28-? can't affect Daudi cell early apoptosis at the CD20scFv target killing.② The increase in the secretions of IL-2 and IFN-? is more obvious in CD20scFv-IgGFc-CD28-? group,indicating that the self-activation takes place in CD3? and CD28 modified T cells without MHC restriction and then increases the activation and killing function of T cells.

Objective To study the efficacy of performing transvaginal Prosima mesh with high uterosacral ligament suspension (HUS) in treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP).Methods From July 2010 to February 2011,70 patients with severe POP underwent transvaginal prosima mesh with HUS in First Affiliated Hospital,General Hospital of People's Liberation Army.Clinical parameters of perioperation were collected.After 1 month and 2 - 3 months,perineal two-dimensional ultrasound examination was performed to measure mesh length in midsagittal plane.Validated prolapse quality of life questionnaires,pelvic floor distress inventsry short form 20 (PFDI-20) and pelvic floor impact questionnaire short form 7 (PFIQ-7) were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect.The mean results of pre-operative PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20 was 54 and 51,respectively.Results Median operation time was ( 195 ± 47 ) min and median blood loss was (160 ±64) ml.All the patients were followed for a mean time of 13 months (2 - 19 months).Seven cases were found with mesh exposure with less than 1 cm2.The objective cure rate was 100％.The mean score of post-operative PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20 were both 19,which were significantly lower than those of preoperation ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Anterior Prosima mesh was 3.5 cm at 1 month by ultrasound examination,and the second result of ultrasound scans was 2.8 cm at 2 - 3 month,which were both shortened 2.5 cm and 3.2 cm when compared with that of original size.Conclusions Transvaginal Prosima mesh placement with HUS is a safe and efficient surgery with less complication.Although mesh became shorter after 2 - 3 month,it did not affect surgery efficacy.

Objective To study the objective and subjective therapeutic effect of total and partial (LeFort) colpocleisis in treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapsed ( POP) in selected elderly patients.Methods From Oct 2005 to Feb.2010,63 severe POP patients[59-87 years,median age (75 ±6) years]with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ by POP-Q system underwent total and partial colpocleisis.The mean age was (75 ±6)years (59-87 years).Fifty-eight patients(58/63,92% )present more than one kind of medical disease.There were 53 cases with uterus prolapse,1 case with cervix prolapse and 9 cases with vaginal vault prolapse.Seven patients were recurrent POP from previous surgery.Twenty-three patients(36% ) presentedvoiding difficulty.Seven patients (17%) presented obstructive bowel symptom.Three patients (5%) presented fecal incontinence,and 28 patients(44% )presented either had urinary incontinence or history of that Among 63 patients,48 patients (76% ) underwent total colpoclesis,and 15 (24% ) patients partial colpoclesis.Meanwhile,58 (92% ) patients underwent levator myorrhaphy plus perineorrhaphy and 20 (32% ) patients underwent anti-urinary incontinence procedure ( TVT-0 ),respectively.Patients were followed up to evaluate therapeutic effect at 2 months and 1 year after surgery.Objective evaluation included the POP-Q and the length of vagina,genital hiatus,perineal body.A nonvalidated Body Image and Satisfaction Questionnaire was completed for subjective evaluation.Results The mean operating time of 63 patients was (105 ±48) minutes,which was (128 ±58) in total and (82 ±26) minutes partial procedures,which exhibited significant difference(P<0.05).The mean blood loss was (187 ± 128) ml (50-600 ml),total and partial procedures caused (232 ± 159) and (101 ±54) ml,respectively,which also showed significant difference ( P < 0.05 ).No intraoperative injury or death occurred.The rate of postoperative complications was 5% (3/63).Mean follow-up time of 63 patients was 22.5 months (1-51 months).All patients had POP-Q staging score ≤Ⅰ.No recurrent patient was observed.At 1 year after operation,the mean preoperative total vaginal length (TVL) and genital hiatus (GH) of (7.7 ± 1.1) and (5.5 ± 1.5)cm were decreased to (3.4 ± 1'.l)and (2.3 ±0.5) cm (P<0.01) ;and perineal body (PB) measurements was increased from (2.6±0.9) to (3.4 ±0.9)cm(P <0.01).Three (5%,3/63) patients had mild urinary incontinence after the operation.Twenty-three patients with voiding difficulty presenting the mean postvoid residual volumes (110 ± 38) ml(50-235 ml) were decreased to 12 ml after the operation.Obstructive bowel symptom was improved in 6(54%,6/11) patients,and fecal incontinence improved in 2(2/3).One year after the operation,52 ( 82% ) patients completed the nonvalidated Body Image and Satisfaction Questionnaire.49 (94% ) patients said either 'very satisfied' or 'satisfied' with the outcome of their surgery,while 3 ( 6% ) reported unsatisfied or not at all satisfied.Conclusions The objective and subjective curative rates of colpocleisis in treatment of severe POP are high with lower morbidity and recurrence.Colpocleisis is a safe and effective management in selected elderly patients with severe POP,who no longer desire to maintain vaginal coital function.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell strategy targeting CD19 (CART19) has prominent anti-tumor effect for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. CART19-associated complications have been gradually recognized, however, late-onset complications have not been extensively studied. Herein, for the first time we report a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient with terminal ileum involvement obtained rapid remission and developed spontaneous terminal ileal perforation 38 days following CART19 infusion. The late-onset perforation reminds us that, for the safety of CART treatment, more cautions are warranted for the management of delayed GI complications.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Receptors, Antigen* ; T-Lymphocytes*

Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy, as a novel cellular immunotherapy, has dramatically reshaped the landscape of cancer treatment, especially in hematological malignancies. However, relapse is still one of the most troublesome obstacles to achieving broad clinical application. The intrinsic factors and superior adaptability of tumor cells mark a fundamental aspect of relapse. The unique biological function of CAR-T cells governed by their special CAR construction also affects treatment efficacy. Moreover, complex cross-interactions among CAR-T cells, tumor cells, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) profoundly influence clinical outcomes concerning CAR-T cell function and persistence. Therefore, in this review, based on the most recent discoveries, we focus on the challenges of relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies from the perspective of tumor cells, CAR-T cells, and the TME. We also discuss the corresponding basic and clinical approaches that may overcome the problem in the future. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding for scientists and physicians that will help improve research and clinical practice.
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy* ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tumor Microenvironment

The combination of the immunotherapy (i.e., the use of monoclonal antibodies) and the conventional chemotherapy increases the long-term survival of patients with lymphoma. However, for patients with relapsed or treatment-resistant lymphoma, a novel treatment approach is urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells were introduced as a treatment for these patients. Based on recent clinical data, approximately 50% of patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma achieved complete remission after receiving the CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. Moreover, clinical data revealed that some patients remained in remission for more than two years after the CAR-T cell therapy. Other than the CD19-targeted CAR-T, the novel target antigens, such as CD20, CD22, CD30, and CD37, which were greatly expressed on lymphoma cells, were studied under preclinical and clinical evaluations for use in the treatment of lymphoma. Nonetheless, the CAR-T therapy was usually associated with potentially lethal adverse effects, such as the cytokine release syndrome and the neurotoxicity. Therefore, optimizing the structure of CAR, creating new drugs, and combining CAR-T cell therapy with stem cell transplantation are potential solutions to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the toxicity in patients with lymphoma after the CAR-T cell therapy.
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Lymphoma/therapy* ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Despite the advancement of treatments, adults with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) have poor prognosis, with an expected five-year overall survival (OS) rate of 10%‒20% (Nguyen et al., 2008; Oriol et al., 2010). Extramedullary relapse of B-ALL is regarded as a high-risk factor generally associated with poor survival, occurring in about 15% to 20% of all relapsed patients (Ding et al., 2017; Sun et al., 2018). The central nervous system (CNS) and the testes are the most common sites of extramedullary relapse of B-ALL. In addition, extramedullary leukemia can appear in the skin, eyes, breasts, bones, muscles, and abdominal organs. The prognosis of relapsed extramedullary B-ALL after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is extremely poor (Spyridonidis et al., 2012; Dahlberg et al., 2019). Conventional chemotherapy or radiation is often ineffective in such patients. At present, there are no optimal treatment strategies for treating extramedullary leukemia after allo-HSCT.
Adult ; Antigens, CD19 ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/adverse effects* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy* ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; Recurrence