To clarify the difference between benign and malignant tumours of tongue on the PC-NA expression and AgNOR c0unts. Methods: Immunohistochemical and AgNOR stainings were carriedout to detect the PCNA expressi0n and to count AgNOR particles in 14 cases of papillomas and 36 cases ofsquamous cell carcinomas of tongue. Results: The positive index(PI) of PCNA was 7. 15 ? 1. 32 in papillo-mas and 24. 28? 2. 47 in squamous cell carcinomas, and there was a significant difference between them. Asignificant difference between low 19. 45? 15. 88, medium 22. 5 ?18. 79 and high grade carcin0mas 65. 3 ?17. 39 was also observed. The AgNOR counts were higher in squamous cell carcinomas 4. 76 ?1. 59 than inpapillomas 2. 16 ? 0. 33. There was no difference of AgNOR counts in high, medium and low grade ofsquamous cell carcinomas. Conclusion:The PCNA expression and AgNOR counts may be related to activi-ty of cell proliferation and be helpful for differentiating benign from malignant tumours of tongue. In addi-tion, the former may be helpful for grading malignancy.

Objective To evaluate the mechanism of altered gastrointestinal motility in portal hypertensive rats. Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups:sham- operation control (SO, n=8), prehepatic portal hypertension by partial stenosis of the portal vein (PHPH, n=8 ), intrahepatic portal hypertension induced by injection of CCl 4 (IHPH, n=8), and intrahepatic portal hypertension with portacaval shunt (IHPH-PCS, n=8). Gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity and motility were monitored. Gastrointestinal hormones were measured with radioimmunoassay.Results Compared with SO rats, gastrointestinal motor index(MI) were reduced and abnormal myoelectrical activity were recorded (P

Objective To study the mechanism of the hyperuricemia among the middle and elderly populations. Methods Serum uric acid, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fasting gluose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) were detected in 1073 subjects with hyperuricemia and 1235 subjects with normal serum uric acid as control of middle and elder groups. Results The means of Cr, BUN, FG, TG ,TC in hyperuricemia were significantly higher than those in the control group,respectively (males: t′ =7. 508,P ＜0.05;t′ =9. 484,P ＜0.05;t=6.208,P＜0.05;t′ =7.055,P ＜0.05;t = 5. 097,P ＜0.05;females;t′ = 11.221,P ＜0.05;t′= 8.314,P ＜0.05 ;t =5. 641 ,P ＜0.05 ;t′ =8. 328 ,P ＜0.05 ;t =7. 227 ,P ＜ 0.05). In males,the mean of the BUN; FG and TG were significant different among the different age groups (the control group: F = 3. 500, P ＜ 0.05; F = 5. 607, P ＜0.05 ;F =3. 378,P ＜0.05 ;the hyperuricemia group: F= 15.400,P ＜0.05 ;F =5. 111 ,P ＜0.05 ;F = 11. 143 ,P ＜0.05), the positive rate of BUN, Cr, FG and TG were significant different among the different age groups (control group:χ2 = 17. 112,P ＜ 0.05;χ2 =7. 807,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 = 17. 829,P ＜0.05;χ2=8.433,P ＜0.05; hyperuricemia group:χ2 =35. 587,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =83. 005 ,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =41. 639,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =31. 466,P ＜0.05). In the same age group,the mean and the positive rate of BUN and Cr were significantly higher in the hyperuricemia group than in the control group(P ＜ 0.05). The mean of TG was significantly higher in every age group of the hyperuricemia group than controls (P ＜ 0.05), but the positive rate had no significant differences in the age group of ≥ 70 years (P ＞0.05). The mean and the positive rate of FG and TC were significant differences in middle age group between the hyperuricemia and the control group (P ＜ 0.05), but were no differences in elder age group(P ＞ 0.05). In females,the mean and positive rate of Cr, BUN, FG,TG and TC were significant different in different age groups of the controls(BUN:F = 13. 759,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 19. 491 ,P ＜0.05; FG: F = 13. 554,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 33. 438,P ＜0.05;TG:F= 18. 160,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 16. 978,P ＜0.05;TC: F = 37. 647,P ＜0.05;χ2 =60.547,P ＜0.05) ,but in the hyperuricemia group that were only significant difference in BUN, Cr and TC (BUN:F = 5. 830, P ＜ 0.05; χ2 =11.941,P＜0.05;Cr:F=4.057,P ＜0.05;χ2 =20.097,P＜0.05;TC:F=7.934,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 16.405,P ＜0.05). In same age group compared of all the indices were similar with male. Conclusions The mechanism of serum uric acid increasing are different in middle age and elderly age. In middle age, it is metabolic disturbance. However,in elderly age it is descending of the kidney function.

Objective To explore changes of levels of interferon‐γ(IFN‐γ) ,interleukin‐32(IL‐32) and interleukin‐6(IL‐6) in pe‐ripheral blood and the correlation between peripheral IFN‐γ,IL‐32 ,IL‐6 and liver function level and hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA load in HBV carriers .Methods Sixty HBV carriers ,including 39 cases of chronic HBV carriers and 21 cases of inactive hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) carriers ,and 50 healthy individuals were collected .Serum levels of IFN‐γ,IL‐32 and IL‐6 ,the amount of HBV DNA and liver function were detected ,and clinical correlations were analysed .Results Compared with the control group ,ser‐um levels of IFN‐γ,IL‐32 and IL‐6 of chronic HBV carriers and inactive HBsAg carriers were significantly increased (P<0 .05) . Compared with chronic HBV carriers with low amount of HBV DNA loads and high amount of HBV DNA loads ,chronic HBV car‐riers with medial HBV DNA loads had higher serum levels of IFN‐γ,IL‐32 and IL‐6 ,but no statistically significant differences were observed(P>0 .05) .There was positive correlation between IL‐32 level and ALT level (r=0 .32 ,P<0 .05) ,and negative correla‐tion between IL‐32 level and ALB level(r= -0 .27 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion IFN‐γ,IL‐32 and IL‐6 may play important roles in chro‐nic HBV infection ,the levels of IFN‐γ,IL‐32 and IL‐6 could be used as important indicators to assess the severity of inflammation in HBV carriers .

Objective To evaluate the pancreaticojejunostomy procedures selection strategy after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 305 cases who received pancreaticoduodenetomy at Shanghai Renji Hospital from Jan 2010 to Jan 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.For patients with pancreatic duct diameter≥3 mm,duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy was applied(120 cases).For duct diameter ＜ 3 mm,modified Child pancreaticojejunostomy was applied to 80 cases when pancreatic stump was large,or binding pancreaticojejunostomy procedures was applied to 105 cases while pancreatic stump was small.Results The diameter of the pancreatic stump in modified Child group was significantly larger than that in the binding group (F =5.78,P ＜ 0.05).The overall incidence of pancreatic fistula was 11.1％ (34/305).There were no significant differences in the incidences of pancreatic fistula,peritoneal bleeding,abdominal infection,digestive dysfunction rate,the mean duration of hospital and the death cases among the three groups (x2 =1.51,2.78,1.16,3.75,1.94,F=2.13,P＞0.05).Conclusions Three different pancreaticojejunostomies based on the size of pancreatic duct and pancreatic stump are equally safe and effective as a reconstructive method after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective To solve the problems in medical equipment utilization,supervision,management,clinical safety and etc.Methods A centralized management and sharing system of medical equipment was developed with functional requirements analysis,C/S architecture and programming.Results The system eliminated the needs for manual accounting and allocation,enhanced medical equipment usage rate and improved equipment borrowing procedure.Conclusion The system contributes to dynamic management and efficacy evaluation of medical equipment,so as the working efficiency can be increased while the costs can be decreased for manpower and materials.

BACKGROUND: Lateral locking plate is a classical fixation method to treat lower and distal femoral fractures. However,the incidences of delayed healing, nonunion, plate extubation, and internal fixation rupture exceed 20% after internal fixation.OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of augmentation plating and single plating for distal and lower femoral fractures with medial comminution.METHODS: Totally 60 patients of lower and distal femoral fractures with medial comminution treated with open reduction and plate fixation were divided into augmentation plating (treatment group, 28 cases) and single lateral plating (control group, 32 cases). We observed the operation time and blood loss, recorded the out-off-bed rehabilitation time, full weight bearing time and complication. The functionary recovery of knee joint was evaluated according to Schatzker-Lambert method for distal femoral fractures in final follow-up.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed for at least 12 months. All incisions were healed by first intention. (2) The operation time and blood loss in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group (P <0.05). (3) The healing time (3.11±0.31 months), out-off-bed rehabilitation time (4.36±0.91 weeks), full weight bearing time (3.67±0.62 months), complication (0) and excellent and good rate of knee functionary recovery (100%) in the treatment group were better than those in the control group [(5.65±2.33), (7.25±1.02), (6.03±2.61) months, 8, 65.6%] (P < 0.05). (4)Although augmentation plating for treatment of lower and distal femoral fractures with medial comminution prolongs operation time and increases surgical blood loss, the results including the healing rate, complication and satisfaction rate are superior to those treated with single lateral plating.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors and technical points of induced membrane technique for treatment of bone defect.Methods All of 20 patients of bone defect were treated by induced membrane technique in our hospital from January 2008 to November 2014,including 15 males and 5 females;aged 13-69,average 38.5;infectious bone defect in 16 cases and non-infectious bone defect in 4 cases.Record the complications,evaluate the healing of bone defect and functional recovery of adjacent joints by Paley method,respectively,and grade the range of movement (ROM) of adjacent joints by authors's method.Results In the first stage of surgery,1 case needed a second operation as the wound gradually spitted and bone cement contaminated after tighten closure of the skin flap,while others had no infection or recurrence of infection.In the second stage of surgery,3 cases had induced membrane damage and defect.All were followed-up from 12 to 50 months (average 19.7 months);all the bone defects healed,the clinical healing time was 3.0 to 7.0 months (average 4.7 months).The healing time in the 3 cases with induced membrane damage and defect (average 6.0 months) was longer than that in patients without induced membrane damage and defect(average 4.6 months).1 case of infectious bone defect with induced membrane damage and defect had local infection in 6 months after the second stage of surgery,for whom the conservative treatment was invalid but got controlled after second operation while 1 case of infectious bone defect without induced membrane damage and defect had local infection in 12 months after second stage of surgery,in whom the infection was controlled by the conservative treatment,the others had no infection or recurrence of infection,no broken of fixators noted;at the last follow-up,all the bone defect healing graded excellent,the functional recovery of the adjacent joints graded:excellent in 8 cases,good in 10 cases,and fair in 2 cases (the excellent and good rate was 90％),the ROM of the adjacent joints graded:excellent and good in 8 cases,respectively,fair and poor in 2 cases,respectively (the excellent and good rate was 80％).Conclusion Induced membrane technique has advantages of simple surgery,faster healing of bone defect,no correlation between the healing time and the length of bone defect,fewer complications,etc,but in clinical application,the operators must understand the therapy principle and pay attention to the influencing factors and technical points so as to avoid operation errors,reduce complications and improve therapeutic effect.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of Masquelet technique in the treatment of bone defects.Methods From January 2008 to December 2014,20 patients with bone defects were treated by Masquelet technique.There were 15 males and 5 females,from 18 to 69 years of age (average,38.4 years).Four cases had open bone defects and 16 infectious ones.At the first stage,radical debridement of the bone defects and soft tissue was conducted via conventional approaches.The bone defects ranged from 2 to 9 cm,averaging 6.1 cm.At the second stage,internal fixation was applied in 18 cases and external fixation in 2.The interval from the second stage to the first stage operation ranged from 6 to 23 weeks (average,11.5 weeks).The healing of bone defects and the functional recovery of adjacent joint were evaluated by Paley scoring at the last follow-up.Results The 20 patients were followed up for 12 to 50 months (average,19.7 months) after the second stage operation.All the patients obtained uneventful wound healing and control of infection after the first stage operation except the one with infectious defects who had to receive 2 operations to control the infection at the first stage operation.At the second stage operation,obvious injury and defect of the induced membrane occurred in 4 cases.All the patients achieved clinical healing of bone defects after 3 to 6 months (average,4.8 months).The bone defect healing was graded as excellent in all.After bone healing,all the patients resumed weight-bearing activities,with no breakage or infection of fixators,or recurrence of infection.By the Paley scoring at the last follow-up,the functional recovery of the adjacent joint was excellent in 8 cases,good in 10 and fair in 2,yielding an excellent and good rate of 90.0％.Conclusion As a kind of modified free bone grafting,Masquelet technique has advantages of simplicity,limited complications,a high rate of healing,and good control of bone infection.

Objective: To investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on nerve regeneration of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles(PCM) in dogs. Methods: After transection of the laryngeal recurrent nerves, the denervated PCM were reinnervated by nerve muscle pedicle implantation in 9 dogs. The animals were divided into 3 groups: bFGF and fibrin glue(FG) group(bFGF+FG), FG group and control group. Functional recovery of PCM was observed laryngoscopically. Electrophysiological acvitity and muscle contract strength were determined. Histochemical studies were demonstrated by Karnovsky and H E stain. Results: Six months after operation, functional recovery and nerve regeneration of the PCA in bFGF+FG group were the best in 3 groups (close to normal), and functional recovery in FG group was better than that in control group. The parameters of electrophysiological acvitity and muscle contract strength were different in bFGF+FG group , FG group, and control group( P