The major developments in SPR technology are reviewed.The principle,parameters and configurations of SPR sensors are also introduced.Then the applications and future prospects of SPR sensor technology in biomedical engineering area are discussed.It is pointed out that the development of this technology tends to further improve the detection sensitivity and resolution,multi-channel detection,the array of micro-devices,etc.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of endoscopic treatment of ureteral stones accompanied with polyps. Methods A total of 35 cases of ureteral stones complicated with polyps were treated under ureteroscope by using electrocauterization and pneumatic lithotripter. Results All polyps were successfully cauterized. Stones were fragmented in 88.6% (31 of 35) of the cases.Because the stones moved into renal pelvis, ESWL was adopted after the intubation of double-J catheter in 2 cases. Conclusions After polyps have been cauterized by electrocauterization in advance, the treatment for ureteral stones by using ureteroscopy and pneumatic lithotripter is safe and effective.

50% was in 72.1% of patients and

Objective To investigate the effect of mechanical thrombectomy device Solitaire AB for the treatment of distal occlusion of the intracranial artery caused acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Methods The clinical data of 9 patients with arterial occlusion of distal anterior circulation treated by using the Solitaire AB thrombectomy device were analyzed retrospectively. Seven of them had M2 middle cerebral artery occlusion and 2 had A3 occlusion. Their clinical features,imaging data,treatment,and the results of 3-month clinical follow-up were analyzed. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated through the recanalization rate after stent thrombectomy,the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)scores before and after treatment,the modified Rankin scale (mRS)scores,and the 3-month clinical follow-up results. The surgery-related complications and mortality of patients were used to evaluate the safety of the treatment. Results (1 )Of the 9 intracranial arterial occlusions,8 were recanalized successfully. The modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI)was 2b or grade 3. (2)The NIHSS score median 9. 5 (3. 0,15. 5)at discharge dropped significantly compared with 19. 0 (16. 0,22. 0)before procedure. (Z=2. 703,P=0. 007). No permanent complications related to operation occurred. Four of the recanalized patients had good prognosis (mRS 0-1)and 4 had disability (mRS 3-4 ). The mRS score of one non-recanalized patient was 4 at the 3 months follow-up. Conclusion The embolectomy effect is good whom using Solitaire AB device for acute occlusion occurred in the intracranial artery M2 or A3 segment. Its efficacy,safety,and indications still need to be further explored in a larger sample controlled trial.

A 37-year-old male patient presented with persistent generalized itching erythema and papules for more than 1 month.The patient had received surgical treatment for type B3 thymoma in stage Ⅳ.Five months prior to the presentation,he developed myasthenia gravis.He also complained of chronic diarrhea for two years.Physical examination revealed white patches in the oral mucosa as well as scaly erythema of varying size on the face,trunk and extremities.Lamellar scales could be seen after scratching,while removal of scales could not result in the appearance of bleeding points.There was scaly hyperkeratotic erythema of palms and soles.Histopathological examination revealed psoriasis-like epidermal hyperplasia and parakeratosis with multiple dyskeratocytes,and some of the dyskeratocytes were surrounded by lymphocytes.There was a perivascular infiltration with a small number of lymphocytes.Immunohistochemical study showed positive staining for CD3,CD4 (dermis),CD8 (epidermis) and CD45RO,but negative staining for CD20,CD68 and CD30.The patient was diagnosed as thymoma-associated graftversus-host-like disease,myasthenia gravis and mucosal candidiasis.After treatment with tacrolimus and prednisone,the condition was gradually relieved.

Diabetic nephropathy ( DN) is one of the most serious chronic complications of diabetes and it is the main reason leading to end-stage renal disease.Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic susceptibility is one of the important factors in the development of DN . Regions coded by exon 4 of apolipoprotein E ( ApoE ) gene involved in lipid metabolism , which is considered to be a candidate susceptible gene for diabetic nephropathy .Articles on the relationship of APOE and diabetic nephropathy including case-control study , prospective follow-up study and meta-analysis are reviewed , and the conclusion suggests that APOE E2 allele may be one of the genetic risk factors for DN , and APOE E4 allele may be a protective factor.APOE may play its role in the development of DN through the participation in the lipid metabolism, regulation of cell growth factor activity in extracellular matrix and regulating gene expression in kidney protection and other aspects .However, the detailed mechanism of APOE polymorphism in diabetic nephropathy is unclear and needs further research .

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Palliative Care ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the pancreaticojejunostomy procedures selection strategy after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 305 cases who received pancreaticoduodenetomy at Shanghai Renji Hospital from Jan 2010 to Jan 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.For patients with pancreatic duct diameter≥3 mm,duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy was applied(120 cases).For duct diameter ＜ 3 mm,modified Child pancreaticojejunostomy was applied to 80 cases when pancreatic stump was large,or binding pancreaticojejunostomy procedures was applied to 105 cases while pancreatic stump was small.Results The diameter of the pancreatic stump in modified Child group was significantly larger than that in the binding group (F =5.78,P ＜ 0.05).The overall incidence of pancreatic fistula was 11.1％ (34/305).There were no significant differences in the incidences of pancreatic fistula,peritoneal bleeding,abdominal infection,digestive dysfunction rate,the mean duration of hospital and the death cases among the three groups (x2 =1.51,2.78,1.16,3.75,1.94,F=2.13,P＞0.05).Conclusions Three different pancreaticojejunostomies based on the size of pancreatic duct and pancreatic stump are equally safe and effective as a reconstructive method after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective To investigate the effect of decoction of Fructus Gardeniae in decreasing blood sugar level in normal mice and diabetes mellitus mice (DM). Methods DM mice models were induced by glucose, adrenalin, desamethasone and alloxan respectively. After treatment, the influence of Fructus Gardeniae on blood sugar level in normal mice and DM mice was observed. Results Fructus Gardeniae decreased the blood sugar level significantly in DM mice and slightly in normal mice. Conclusion Fructus Gardeniae is effective in decreasing blood sugar level in both normal mice and several DM mice.

Objective To study the impact of lymph node metastasis on prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer and to evaluate predictors of postoperative survival of these patients.Methods The clinical data on patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent pancreatic cancer radical surgery in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2013 were reviewed and analyzed.Data on lymph node metastasis,number of lymph node dissection,number of positive lymph nodes and positive lymph ratio were analyzed.Results Of 101 patients,the 6-month,1-year and 2-year survival rates were 84.2％,56.6％ and 28.5％,respectively.The median survival was 13.8 months.Univariate and multivariate analyses showed lymph node metastasis,a positive lymph node ratio,number of lymph node dissection and positive lymph nodes were independent influential factors of prognosis.Results of subgroup analysis showed the number of lymph node dissection was a prognostic factor for pNO patients,while a positive lymph ratio had no impact on survival of pN1 patients.In the subgroup of patients with pancreatic head cancer,lymph node metastasis was associated with prognosis but not in the subgroup of patients with pancreatic body and tail carcinoma.Conclusions For patients with pancreatic head cancer,lymph node metastasis was closely correlated with prognosis.In addition,factors including lymph node metastasis,number of lymph node dissection,a positive lymph node ratio and number of positive lymph nodes were independent influential factors of prognosis for patients with pancreatic head cancer.However,for pN1 patients,a positive lymph node ratio has no influence on prognosis.