The research and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine has meaningful importance, because it has influence not only in the health and treatment of patients, but also in the solid growth and development of phar-maceuticals companies. In some cases, for the complex of TCM, the common QC method on single or multi-target compounds can't really and truly disclose the quality of the Chinese materia medica. Therefore, a lot of researchers do plenty of works to make clear the effectiveness basis, to improve the quality and realize the modernization of TCM. All of these works close together with modern analysis and separation technology. In this article, a novel analy-sis technology-UltraPerformance Convergence Chromatography (UPC2) based its characters and applications should be introduced. It should be a helpful technology for the TCM researchers to facilitate the study and QC works.

An expression of ras oncogene protein (p21) was assessed with immunohistochemistry in normal, dysplasia, benign hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis and prostatic carcinomatous tissues. The results showed that the positivity rate of p21 was higher in prostatic carcinoma than that in other prostatic lesions and was markedly correlated to histologic tumor grade. The expression level of p21 was more intentive in prostatic dysplasia surrounding carcinoma than that in simple prostatic dysplasia. It is suggested that overexpression of ras oncogene p21 product may play an important role in progressing from dysplasia to cancer and may be used as a new tumor marker for assessment of biological behavior of prostatic carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of mechanical thrombectomy device Solitaire AB for the treatment of distal occlusion of the intracranial artery caused acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Methods The clinical data of 9 patients with arterial occlusion of distal anterior circulation treated by using the Solitaire AB thrombectomy device were analyzed retrospectively. Seven of them had M2 middle cerebral artery occlusion and 2 had A3 occlusion. Their clinical features,imaging data,treatment,and the results of 3-month clinical follow-up were analyzed. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated through the recanalization rate after stent thrombectomy,the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)scores before and after treatment,the modified Rankin scale (mRS)scores,and the 3-month clinical follow-up results. The surgery-related complications and mortality of patients were used to evaluate the safety of the treatment. Results (1 )Of the 9 intracranial arterial occlusions,8 were recanalized successfully. The modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI)was 2b or grade 3. (2)The NIHSS score median 9. 5 (3. 0,15. 5)at discharge dropped significantly compared with 19. 0 (16. 0,22. 0)before procedure. (Z=2. 703,P=0. 007). No permanent complications related to operation occurred. Four of the recanalized patients had good prognosis (mRS 0-1)and 4 had disability (mRS 3-4 ). The mRS score of one non-recanalized patient was 4 at the 3 months follow-up. Conclusion The embolectomy effect is good whom using Solitaire AB device for acute occlusion occurred in the intracranial artery M2 or A3 segment. Its efficacy,safety,and indications still need to be further explored in a larger sample controlled trial.

Objective To study the role of risk factors associated with hemodynamics in patients with intracranial artery stenosis.Methods Eighteen patients with local stenosis of middle cerebral artery were recruited in this study retrospectively.According to patients′clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings, they were divided into the symptomatic group (n=13) and the asymptomatic group (n=5).Wall shear stress ( WSS) , oscillatory shear index ( OSI) , velocity and pressure of the stenotic artery wall were compared between the two groups after reconstructing 3-dimentional model of hemodynamics.Then related risk factors of hemodynamics were analyzed in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the parameters such as age, sex, degree of artery stenosis, mean arterial pressure and some medical histories of hypertension and diabetes.The results showed obvious changes of hemodynamics in local artery stenosis.The WSS(78.69(68.15,117.65) Pa vs 39.34(22.76,60.54) Pa,U=4,P=0.003), pressure of the stenotic artery wall (1 815.14(1 242.44,4 398.84) Pa vs 735.55(361.17,1 528.78) Pa,U =7,P=0.010)and velocity of the local stenosis(3.87(2.58, 4.52) m/s vs 2.31(1.38,3.12) m/s,U=12,P=0.046) in the symptomatic group were much higher than those in the asymptomatic group; however, there were no significant differences between the two groups in OSI.Conclusions Hemodynamic features do exist in local intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.The WSS, wall pressure and velocity of the local stenosis may be vital risk factors associated with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the angiographic findings and the therapeutic effect of thrombolysis in AMI (acute myocardial infarction) patients. Method A retrospective study were carried out in consecutive eighty-four inpatients with AMI treated with intravenous thrombolysis and coronary angiography was taken within a week after illness onset from January 2000 to August 2007. The patients were divided into successful recanalization group and non-recanalization group. Single factor χ2 test and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were applied to observe the relationship among the angiographic features of IRA (infarct-related artery including the number of stnosis, the location of stenosis, the severity of stenosis and the morphological changes) and treatment effect of intravenous urokinase thrombolysis. Results (1) Single factor χ2 test showed that location and the extent of lesion of IRA were eligible to enter the logistic regression formula (P ＜ 0.05),whereas the number of lesions and the severity of IRA's stenosis were not eligible to enter the logistic regression formula (P ＞ 0. 05). (2) Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the extent of lesion of IRA was the only factor that had a negative impact on the therapeutic effect of intravenous thrombolysis.Conclusions The study shows that the extent of lesion of IRA is the only factor that has a negative impact on the therapeutic effect of intravenous thrombolysis; The number, the location of lesion and the severity of stenosis of IRA have no impact on the therapeutic effect of intravenous thrombolysis in AMI.

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations of early cerebral ischemic lesions after stenting with WingSpan system for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis, and to evaluate the early effects and safety of the stenting therapy. Methods Twenty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) before and after stenting (within 72 hours). The clinical data, including patients' general condition, stenting procedures and newly-developed cerebral ischemic lesions, were recorded. Neurological defect was estimated with NIHSS, the safety and early outcome of stenting were evaluated. Results The degree of stenosis was reduced from a mean baseline of (72.3 ± 10.7)% to (31.9 ± 13.6)% immediately after stenting. The technical success rate was 100%. The total eomplicatiom nate was 17.2%. And among them, z were symptomatic (6.9%). Sixty-three ischemic lesions were demonstrated on DWI in 13 patients (44.8%). Among them, 11 (84.6%) were asymptomatic. Fifty-five newly-developed lesions on DWI (87.3%) were located in the region of stented vessels and 3.2% were situated in the region of branch vessels of stented artery. Conclusion DWI is of great value in assessing the safety of intracranial stenting procedures. The treatment of symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis by using WingSpan system is safe and effective. Newly-developed ischemic lesions can be well detected on DWI and should receive physician's attention, although most ischemic lesions are asymptomatic. Long-term outcome of this treatment needs to be further observed.

Objeclive To analyze the occurrence characteristics of stenosis or occlu-sion in guilty artery in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Methods The data of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of 304 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were analyzed retrospectively, in which there were 188 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and 116 patients with cerebral infarction. Guilty arteries were identified, and the length of stenotic segment and severity of stenosis were measured. Results Of the 304 patients, 227 (74. 7%) had cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion. 193 (85.0%) identified guilty arteries, in which 104 (53.9%) were in extracranial artery only, 70 (36. 3%) were in intracranial artery only, and 19 (9. 8%) were in both intra- and extracranial arteries, The incidence of cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion (97/116, 82.9%) in the cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than that in the TIA group (130/188, 68.8%) (P <0. 01); the incidence of extracranial vascular lesions in posterior circulation in the TIA group was significantly higher than that in the cerebral infarction group (24.3% vs. 7.0%, P < 0. 01); and the incidence of intracranial vascular lesions in anterior circulation in the cerebral infarction group was significantly higher than that in the TIA group (32.6% vs. 20.6%, P <0. 01). However, there yeas no significant difference bergen the TIA group and the cerebral infarction group in the length of stenosis and severity of guilty artery. Conclusions Cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion in the in the cerebral infarction group is more common than that in the TIA group. The extracranial artery lesions in posterior circulation is more common in the TIA group, and the intracranial artery lesions in anterior circulation is more common in the cerelral infarction group, while the severity of cerebral ischemia is not associated with the stenosis degree and length of guilty artery.

Objective To explore contents of amino acid neurotransmitters and expression of GABAAreceptor subunits'mRNA in subareas of basal ganglia in unilateral rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods The rat model of PD was established through right unilateral intranigral microinjection of 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)in this study.Thawed samples were taken form neostriatum(Str).globus pallidus internus(Gpi),globus pallidus externum(Gpe)and subthalamic nucleus(STN).then contents of amino acid neurotransmitters were analyzed by established high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrochemical detection methods.The subunits α1,α2,β2/3 and γ2 of GABAA receptor in Str,Gpi,Gpe and STN wre examined with Northern Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The content of GABA in Str,Gpi,Gpe and STN of diseased side were significantly increased as compared with undiseasedside.The level of glutamic acid(Glu)in Str,Gpe and STN and contents of aspartic acid (Asp)and glycine(Gly)in STN of the diseased side were significantly increased.In Str.there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression either in the subunit α1(105.3±24.5)or in the subunit β2/3(113.7 ±15.3)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side as compared with the undiseased 8ide(186.7 ±37.2,157.4±32.4,t=5.16,3.45;P<0.01).In Gpi,there was a significant increase of mRNA expression in the subunit α1(P<0.05)and α2,β2/3(P<0.01)of GABAA receptor in lesion side.In Gpe,there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression in the subunit α2(179.1±26.8)andβ2/3(154.7 ±37.8)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side(219.3.±19.7,231.1±55.8,t=3.42,3.21:P<0.01).In STN of right unilateral 6-0HDA lesion rat.there was a significant decrease of mRNA expression both in the subunitα1,α2 and β2/3(P<0.01)of GABAA receptor and in the subunit γ2(P<0.05)of GABAA receptor in the diseased side.Conclusions Changes of amino acid neurotransmitter contents and GABAA receptor subunits'mRNA expressional level in subareas of basal ganglia may be involved in PD.

Purpose To investigate the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in breast cancer tumor cells and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (sTIL),and to study the relationship between the expression of PD-L1 and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients.Method The protein expression of PD-L1 was detected by immunohistochemistry of EliVision two-step method in 68 cases of non special type of invasive breast cancer,and the relationship between the expression of PD-L1 protein and the immunohistochemistry subtypes and clinical parameters was analyzed.Results The total expression rate of PD-L1 was 35.3％ in breast tumor tissue,specially in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) which occupy the highest positive rate.The expression rates of PD-L1 in tumor tissue of the luminal subtype,HER-2 over-expression subtype and TNBC subtype were 16.1％,37.5％ and 61.9％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.The total expression rate of PD-L1 in sTIL was 51.5％,and the highest expression rate was 81.0％ in TNBC.There were significant differences of PD-L1 expression in sTIL of the luminal subtype,HER-2 over-expression subtype and TNBC subtype.Expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissue and sTIL had a significant positive correlation.Conclusion PD-L1 expressed in TNBC was significantly higher than other types of breast cancer,which suggest the blocking of signal pathway of PD-1/PD-L1 may expected to become a new immunotherapy for breast cancer,especially for TNBC subtype.

A new method for chiral separation and purity inspection of landiolol hydrochloride and its stereoisomers was developed by ultra-performance convergence chromatography ( UPC2 ) . The mobile phase was the mixture of supercritical CO2 and methanol/n-butyl alcohol/acetonitrile (1:1:1, V/V) plus 0. 5%NH3?H2O. The separation was carried out on the Daicel CHIRALPAK? IF column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 3 μm) with a flow rate of 2. 8 mL/min at 50℃ using 223 nm as detection wavelength. Under the optimized experimental conditions, for R,R-stereoisomer, R,S-stereoisomer and S,R-stereoisomer, the detection limits (LOD, S/N=3) were 0. 3, 0. 4 and 0. 3 mg/L, the linear ranges were 2-300 mg/L, 5-300 mg/L and 2-300 mg/L, the recoveries of spike samples were 103. 4%±2. 5%, 91. 8%±2. 5% and 101. 7%±1. 5%, and the injection repeatabilities were 0. 06%, 0. 09% and 0. 08% (n=6), respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the UPC2-based method can be used for the analysis and determination of landiolol hydrochloride and its stereoisomers.