BACKGROUND: Exosomes derived from breast cancer have been reported to play a role in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, which has the potential to accelerate the healing process of diabetic wounds. The aim of this investigation was to examine the function of exosomes originating from 4T1 mouse breast carcinoma cells (TEXs) in the process of diabetic wound healing. METHODS: The assessment of primary mouse skin fibroblasts cell proliferation and migration was conducted through the utilization of CCK-8 and wound healing assays, while the tube formation of HUVECs was evaluated by tube formation assay. High-throughput sequencing, RT-qPCR and cell experiments were used to detect the roles of miR-126a-3p in HUVECs functions in vitro. The in vivo study employed a model of full-thickness excisional wounds in diabetic subjects to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of TEXs. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent techniques were utilized to evaluate histological changes in skin tissues. RESULTS: The findings suggested that TEXs facilitate diabetic wound healing through the activation of cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. An upregulation of miR-126a-3p has been observed in TEXs, and it has demonstrated efficient transferability from 4T1 cells to HUVEC cells. The activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway has been attributed to miR-126a-3p derived from TEXs. CONCLUSIONS The promotion of chronic wound healing can be facilitated by TEXs through the activation of cellular migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway by miR-126a-3p originating from TEXs has been discovered, indicating a potential avenue for enhancing the regenerative capabilities of wounds treated with TEXs.

Objective To explore the effects of transurethral blue laser vaporization of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)on the sexual function and lower urinary tract symptoms.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 91 BPH patients admitted to our department during Mar.and Aug.2023.The patients were divided into two groups,46 in the blue laser group,and 45 in the transurethral plasmakinetic resection of prostate(PKRP)group.The operation time,bladder irrigation time,catheter indwelling time and postoperative hospitalization time of the two groups were compared.Postvoid residual(PVR),maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax),international prostatic symptoms score(I PSS),quality of life score(QoL),international index of erectile function-5(IIEF-5)score,the Chinese index of premature ejaculation(CIPE)score and incidence of retrograde ejaculation were compared before and 6 months after operation.Results The operation time[(24.66±5.38)min vs.(62.50±3.85)min],bladder irrigation time[(20.40±2.78)h vs.(51.93±5.02)h],catheter indwelling time(1.65±0.89)d vs.(6.73±2.98)d]and postoperative hospitalization time[(4.26±1.57)d vs.(8.45±2.28)d]were significantly shorter in the blue laser group than in the PKRP group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in Qmax,PVR,QoL and IPSS between the two groups before and 6 months after operation(P＞0.05).Six months after surgery,the IIEF-5 score and CIPE score of the blue laser group were higher than those of the PKRP group[(20.02±2.63)vs.(17.64±1.75);(30.88±3.45)vs.(26.25±3.51)],but the incidence of retrograde ejaculation was lower(4.35％vs.35.60％),with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion Blue laser vaporization of the prostate can improve lower urinary tract symptoms and protect sexual function.

Objective:To explore the advantages, disadvantages, and precautions of clinically applying four types of non-trunk vessels as recipient vessels in the free flap transplantation for repairing peri-knee wounds.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was conducted of 23 patients (12 males and 11 females) with peri-knee skin and soft tissue defects who underwent free anterolateral thigh flaps or free latissimus dorsi flaps. The patients were admitted to the Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Wuxi 9th People’s Hospital, from January 2015 to December 2019. The patients were aged 20-72 years (mean 41.9). The wound size with vital tissue exposure was 18.0 cm×5.0 cm-42.0 cm×9.0 cm. Preoperative color Doppler and computerized tomography angiography techniques were used to assist in positioning and to measure the recipient vessels (including the descending genicular vessel, descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex vessel, the medial sural vessel, and the medial inferior genicular vessel) and blood vessels in the donor area (including descending branches of lateral femoral circumflex vessels and thoracic dorsal vessels). The caliber was measured and verified by a soft ruler with a scale intraoperative. The measured values of the caliber were recorded in the preoperative and intraoperative. The color and texture of the two flaps and the healing of the donor sites were observed postoperatively. The conformance ratio of preoperative and intraoperative measured values of vessels in the donor and recipient areas (except for the only case of the medial inferior genicular vessel) was compared. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis. The measurement data were showed as Mean±SD, and the comparison results were analyzed by paired t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 23 patients with skin and soft tissue defects around the knee were enrolled. The size of the tissue flap was 18.0 cm×5.0 cm-46.0 cm×9.0 cm. Twelve of 14 anterolateral thigh flaps anastomosed to the descending genicular vessel survived. The remaining two cases had a length of 6 cm and 4 cm necrosis at the distal flap, which was finally given skin-grafting and healed. One of the 12 survived flaps failed in limb salvage in Phase Ⅰ and was thus given flap reconstruction in Phase Ⅱ. Another case was given amputation due to serious infection of limbs, with incomplete ends of the survived flaps rotated and covered. In four cases anastomosed to the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessel, three anterolateral thigh flaps survived completely, and one distal latissimus dorsi flap had a length of 12 cm necrosis which was given debridement and Ilizarov bone transport for heal. Two anterolateral thigh flaps and two latissimus dorsi flaps anastomosed to the medial sural vessel survived completely, of which one anterolateral thigh flap had vein crisis which was later solved. The anterolateral thigh flap of 1 case anastomosed to medial inferior genicular vessels completely survived. The postoperative follow-up lasted 3-30 months with an average of 13.6 months. All the flaps have good color and textures with good incision heal at the donor site in Phase Ⅰ. There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative and intraoperative measurement values of blood vessel caliber in the donor and recipient areas ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Four non-trunk peri-knee blood vessels can serve as recipient vessels of the free tissue flaps, and proper selection of the vessels can effectively improve the survival rate of the tissue flaps. The descending genicular vessel can serve as the recipient vessel for a priority, as with a superficial position, fixed dissection, simple positioning, and convenient intraoperative dissection.

Objective:To explore the advantages, disadvantages, and precautions of clinically applying four types of non-trunk vessels as recipient vessels in the free flap transplantation for repairing peri-knee wounds.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was conducted of 23 patients (12 males and 11 females) with peri-knee skin and soft tissue defects who underwent free anterolateral thigh flaps or free latissimus dorsi flaps. The patients were admitted to the Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Wuxi 9th People’s Hospital, from January 2015 to December 2019. The patients were aged 20-72 years (mean 41.9). The wound size with vital tissue exposure was 18.0 cm×5.0 cm-42.0 cm×9.0 cm. Preoperative color Doppler and computerized tomography angiography techniques were used to assist in positioning and to measure the recipient vessels (including the descending genicular vessel, descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex vessel, the medial sural vessel, and the medial inferior genicular vessel) and blood vessels in the donor area (including descending branches of lateral femoral circumflex vessels and thoracic dorsal vessels). The caliber was measured and verified by a soft ruler with a scale intraoperative. The measured values of the caliber were recorded in the preoperative and intraoperative. The color and texture of the two flaps and the healing of the donor sites were observed postoperatively. The conformance ratio of preoperative and intraoperative measured values of vessels in the donor and recipient areas (except for the only case of the medial inferior genicular vessel) was compared. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis. The measurement data were showed as Mean±SD, and the comparison results were analyzed by paired t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 23 patients with skin and soft tissue defects around the knee were enrolled. The size of the tissue flap was 18.0 cm×5.0 cm-46.0 cm×9.0 cm. Twelve of 14 anterolateral thigh flaps anastomosed to the descending genicular vessel survived. The remaining two cases had a length of 6 cm and 4 cm necrosis at the distal flap, which was finally given skin-grafting and healed. One of the 12 survived flaps failed in limb salvage in Phase Ⅰ and was thus given flap reconstruction in Phase Ⅱ. Another case was given amputation due to serious infection of limbs, with incomplete ends of the survived flaps rotated and covered. In four cases anastomosed to the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessel, three anterolateral thigh flaps survived completely, and one distal latissimus dorsi flap had a length of 12 cm necrosis which was given debridement and Ilizarov bone transport for heal. Two anterolateral thigh flaps and two latissimus dorsi flaps anastomosed to the medial sural vessel survived completely, of which one anterolateral thigh flap had vein crisis which was later solved. The anterolateral thigh flap of 1 case anastomosed to medial inferior genicular vessels completely survived. The postoperative follow-up lasted 3-30 months with an average of 13.6 months. All the flaps have good color and textures with good incision heal at the donor site in Phase Ⅰ. There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative and intraoperative measurement values of blood vessel caliber in the donor and recipient areas ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Four non-trunk peri-knee blood vessels can serve as recipient vessels of the free tissue flaps, and proper selection of the vessels can effectively improve the survival rate of the tissue flaps. The descending genicular vessel can serve as the recipient vessel for a priority, as with a superficial position, fixed dissection, simple positioning, and convenient intraoperative dissection.

【Objective】 To evaluate the clinical efficacy of 200 W blue laser vaporization of prostate and the possibility of developing such surgery into day surgery. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 30 patients treated during Aug. and Sep.2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The residual urine volume, urine flow rate, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality of Life Scale(QoL) score before and after surgery were compared. The operation time and postoperative routine urinary red blood cell count were recorded. 【Results】 All surgeries were successful and the catheter was moved 1 day after surgery. The operation time was (12.2±5.1) min, postoperative bladder irrigation time (20.0±4.2) h, and urinary red blood cell count (806.2±16.3)/μL. Recatheter was needed in 1 patient. The urinary flow rate before surgery, immediately and 1-month after surgery were (10.6±3.5) mL/s, (24.2±5.6) mL/s, and (27.2±3.1) mL/s, respectively. The residual urine was (57.3±3.2) mL before surgery and (5.6±3.1) mL 1-month after surgery. The average preoperative IPSS and QoL scores were (25.1±1.6) and (5.4±0.7), and were (9.5±1.4) and (2.9±0.6), respectively, 3-months after surgery. 【Conclusion】 Transurethral 200 W blue laser vaporization of the prostate is a practical and feasible surgical technique for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is effective, rapid and safe, and can greatly shorten the length of hospital stay and improve perioperative safety. With the improvement of clinical application technology, it can be a choice of prostatic day surgery.

【Objective】 To observe the efficacy of blue laser side light in the vaporization and enucleation of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of NMIBC patients who received transurethral enucleation of bladder tumor (TURBT) using a 50 W blue laser treatment device. The efficacy and safety of surgery were evaluated by observing the application of blue laser in the treatment of bladder cancer in different locations, operation time, presence of bladder perforation and postoperative urine routine indicators. 【Results】 A total of 16 patients completed the surgery, including 5 cases with multiple bladder tumors, 9 with single bladder tumor, and 2 with lichenoid lesions. The postoperative pathological results showed all of them were NMIBC. The operation time was (10.4±4.7) min, postoperative urinalysis was (689.4±316.7)/μL, and no intraoperative bladder perforation occurred. 【Conclusion】 The lateral infusion mode of 50 W blue laser therapy device can be applied to the surgical treatment of NMIBC. The basal vaporization and enucleation of bladder cancer can be performed under direct vision conditions, and the multi-angle enucleation is suitable for bladder cancer in different positions. The tissue penetration depth of blue laser is shallow, which is conducive to the diagnosis and grading of pathological tissues.

【Objective】 To explore the effects of sexual function-preserving 450 nm blue laser vaporization of the prostate on the postoperative sexual function of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety and feasibility of this procedure. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 20 BPH patients treated in our department during Jan. and Mar.2023 were analyzed. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life Scale (QoL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (PVR) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) data were compared before and after the operation. The operation time, postoperative catheter indwelling time, and hospital stay were recorded. The ejaculation status 2 months after operation was followed up. 【Results】 All 20 patients completed the operation successfully. The operation time was (13.41±4.30) min, catheter indwelling time (1.2±0.4) d, and hospital stay (3.0±0.6) d. The IPSS, QoL, PVR and Qmax data 1 month after operation were significantly improved compared with those before operation (P<0.01). Two months after operation, all patients had sex and ejaculated, and no retrograde ejaculation occurred. The erection function remained unchanged (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The modified 450 nm blue laser vaporization of the prostate can improve the urination symptoms of BPH patients while retaining sexual function. It is a safe and feasible technique for BPH patients who have sexual needs, and provides an alternative surgical approach for those looking to preserve sexual function.

【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy and safety of 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning in the treatment of middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate, in order to promote the clinical application of this surgery. 【Methods】 Clinical data of 20 patients with middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate treated with 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning during Mar.and Aug.2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The operation time, postoperative bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, hospital stay, and complications were recorded.The maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual volume (PVR), quality of life scale (QoL), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) before surgery and 1 month after surgery were compared. 【Results】 The operation time was (26.80±7.22) min, and bladder irrigation time was (20.50±1.79) h.The catheter was removed on the next day after surgery and all patients were discharged 2 days after operation.Compared to preoperative, one month after surgery, the Qmax [(7.40±1.05) mL/s vs.(19.60±1.76) mL/s] was significantly higher, PVR [(73.50±12.26) mL vs.(9.25±4.94) mL], QoL [(4.55±1.19) vs.(1.95±0.95)], and IPSS [(26.55±1.88) vs.(10.05±1.36)] were significantly lower, the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05).No complications occurred during operation and 1-month follow-up. 【Conclusion】 The 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning is a new, safe and effective surgical treatment of middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great risks in China, understanding of FAW genetic background and pesticide resistance is urgent and essential to develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of a male FAW (SFynMstLFR) and compared re-sequencing results of the populations from America, Africa, and China. Strain identification of 163 individuals collected from America, Africa and China showed that both C and R strains were found in the American populations, while only C strain was found in the Chinese and African populations. Moreover, population genomics analysis showed that populations from Africa and China have close relationship with significantly genetic differentiation from American populations. Taken together, FAWs invaded into China were most likely originated from Africa. Comparative genomics analysis displayed that the cytochrome p450 gene family is extremely expanded to 425 members in FAW, of which 283 genes are specific to FAW. Treatments of Chinese populations with twenty-three pesticides showed the variant patterns of transcriptome profiles, and several detoxification genes such as AOX, UGT and GST specially responded to the pesticides. These findings will be useful in developing effective strategies for management of FAW in China and other invaded areas.
Animals ; China ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Pesticides ; Spodoptera/genetics* ; Transcriptome