OBJECTIVE To evaluate the roles of p15,p27 gene protein and expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS The EnVision immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p15,p27 gene protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues of 43 NPC cases and non-tumor nasopharyngeal tissues of 21 cases.RESULTS ① The positive expression rates of p15,p27 gene protein were 65%,68% in NPC respectively.There were significant differences between NPC and non-tumor group(P0.05).③The positive expression of p15 gene protein was correlated to the positive expression of p27 gene protein(P

The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis(UC)is still unclear,and the pathogenesis based on intestinal mucosal immune imbalance is now widely recognized."Spleen as the defense"refers to the function of the spleen to protect the body and defend against pathogenic factors,which is highly consistent with modern mucosal immunology theory.The abnormal function of"Spleen as the defense"is the key reason for the immune imbalance of UC intestinal mucosa.In this paper,"spleen as the defense"as the starting point,to explore the mechanism of UC intestinal mucosal immune dysfunction,to consolidate the theoretical basis for the treatment of UC based on spleen,and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of UC from the perspective of restoring intestinal mucosal immune homeostasis.

[Purpose]To analyze the epidemic characteristics and survival trends of upper gas-trointestinal cancer in Fujian cancer registration areas from 2011 to 2020.[Methods]Cancer regi-stration data in Fujian Province was collected to calculate the crude incidence and mortality rate,age-standardized incidence/mortality rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC,ASMRC)and by world standard population(ASIRW,ASMRW)and cumulative rate of 0～74 years old of upper gastrointestinal cancer(including esophageal and gastric cancers)as well as the corresponding temporal trends from 2011 to 2020.Using the Joinpoint software to calculate the annual percent-age change(APC)and average annual percentage change(AAPC)to analyze the trends.The data were divided into two time periods(2011-2015 and 2016-2020)to compare the 5-year relative survival rates of upper gastrointestinal cancer.[Results]From 2011 to 2020,there were 26 286 new cases of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Fujian cancer registration areas,accounting for 20.28％of all malignant tumors.The incidence rate,ASIRC and ASIRW of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 56.52/105,42.55/105,and 42.75/105,respectively,and the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old)was 5.32％.Incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer was higher in men than that in women.The incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer showed an decreasing trend from 2011 to 2020,with an AAPC of ASIRC of-4.7％(95％CI:-6.6％～-2.9％).There were 11 680 new cases of esophageal cancer in Fujian cancer registration areas,the crude incidence,ASIRC,ASIRW and cumulative incidence(0～74 years old)of esophageal cancer were 25.12/105,18.67/105,18.97/105,and 2.32％,respectively.There were 14 606 gastric cancer new cases in Fujian cancer registration areas during 2011-2020,the crude mortality,ASMRC,ASIRW and cumulative mortality(0～74 years old)of gastric cancer were 31.41/105,23.88/105,23.78/105,and 3.00％,respectively.There were 20 133 upper gastrointestinal cancer deaths during 2011-2020 in Fujian cancer registration areas,accounting for 26.05％of all cancer deaths.The crude mortality,ASMRC and ASMRW of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 43.29/105,31.95/105,and 31.89/105,respectively,the cumu-lative mortality rate(0～74 years old)was 3.84％.The mortality of upper gastrointestinal cancer was higher in men than that in women.The mortality rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer showed a trend of first increase and then decrease,with an APC of 3.5％(95％CI:-0.5％～11.3％)from 2011 to 2014 and-5.2％(95％CI:-8.4％～3.7％)from 2014 to 2020.There were 9 643 deaths of esophageal cancer during 2011-2020 in Fujian cancer registration areas.The crude mortality,ASMRC,ASMRW and cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old)of esophageal cancer was 20.74/105,15.20/105,15.35/105,and 1.83％,respectively.There were 10 490 deaths of gastric cancer dur-ing 2011-2020 in Fujian cancer registration areas.The crude mortality,ASMRC,ASMRW and cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old)of gastric cancer was 22.56/105,16.75/105,16.54/105,and 2.00％,respectively.The 5-year relative survival rate for upper gastrointestinal cancer patients during 2011-2015 and 2016-2020 were 24.74％(95％CI:23.92％～25.56％)and 25.49％(95％CI:24.65％～26.34％),respectively.The 5-year relative survival rate for esophageal cancer patients during 2011-2015 and 2016-2020 were 17.15％(95％CI:16.10％～18.22％)and 18.72％(95％CI:17.59％～19.88％),respectively.The 5-year relative survival rate for gastric cancer patients during 2011-2015 and 2016-2020 were 30.90％(95％CI:29.71％～32.10％)and 30.76％(95％CI:29.56％～31.97％),respectively.There was a decreasing trend in 5-year survival of upper gastroin-testinal patients with increasing age,with lower survival rate in patients over 65 years old.[Con-clusion]The incidence and mortality of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Fujian cancer registration areas showed an overall decreasing trend,and the 5-year relative survival rate improved slightly,while the disease burden of upper gastrointestinal cancer remains heavy.Incidence and mortality of upper gastrointestinal cancer of men were higher than those of women,and the elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer had a poorer prognosis.Fujian should pay close attention to the prevention and control of gastric cancer among key groups,and strengthen its comprehensive pre-vention and control ability of upper gastrointestinal cancer.

[Purpose]To analyze the preliminary screening and follow-up results of the early diag-nosis and treatment program for upper gastrointestinal cancer in rural areas of Fujian Province from 2013 to 2022.[Methods]Screening data from the early diagnosis and treatment program for upper gastrointestinal cancer in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2022 were collected and organized.The positive case detection rate,early diagnosis rate,and treatment rate of the screening population were calculated.SPSS 22.0 software was used to test the trend Chi-square test of the annual changes in detection rate,early diagnosis rate and treatment rate.The Chi-square test was used to compare the detection rate and early diagnosis rate between different groups.[Results]From 2013 to 2022,a total of 26 823 screenings and follow-ups were completed in Fujian Province,with de-tection rate,early diagnosis rate,and treatment rate of 1.41％,56.20％,and 92.61％,respec-tively.The early diagnosis rate showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022(P＜0.05).The initial screening detected rate and early diagnosis rate were 1.38％and 55.59％,respectively,while fol-low-up detection rate and early diagnosis rate were 5.36％and 75.00％.The detection rates for esophagus,cardia,and stomach cases were 0.70％,0.15％,and 0.58％,respectively,with early diagnosis rates of 64.86％,53.66％,and 46.41％,respectively.The differences in detection rates and early diagnosis rates for each site were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).[Conclusion]With the development of early diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal cancer in rural areas of Fujian Province and the improvement of residents'awareness of cancer prevention,the detection rate and early diagnosis rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Fujian Province have been im-proved,which plays an important role in improving the survival rate of patients.