BACKGROUND:At present,there are few reports on the postoperative efficacy of arthroscopic coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation and coracoid single tunnel fixation in the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation at home and abroad.The specific clinical efficacy of the two procedures and whether there are other risks need to be explored. OBJECTIVE:To compare the short-term postoperative clinical efficacy of arthroscopic TightRope band plate fixation with single tunnel fixation of the coracoid process and tunnel-free suspension fixation of the coracoid process in the treatment of acute type Ⅲ-Ⅴ acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 45 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation who met the inclusion criteria admitted to the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2019 to September 2022,and were divided into coracoid single tunnel fixation group(20 cases)and coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group(25 cases)according to the surgical treatment plan.Operation time,incision length,blood loss,Constant-Murley score,visual analogue scale score,the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons(ASES)score and intraoperative and postoperative complications of the shoulder joint before operation,3 months after surgery and the last follow-up were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All patients successfully completed the operation,and there was no important nerve or blood vessel damage during the operation.The operation time of the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group was significantly shorter than that of the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and incision length between the two groups(P>0.05).All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months,with an average of(15.29±2.73)months.In the coracoid single tunnel fixation group,at 3 months after operation and the final follow-up,the visual analogue scale score was significantly lower than the preoperative score(P<0.05);Constant-Murley score and ASES score were significantly increased compared with the preoperative values(P<0.05).In the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group,at 3 months after operation and the final follow-up,the visual analogue scale score was significantly lower than the preoperative score(P<0.05);the Constant-Murley score and the ASES score were both significantly higher than the preoperative scores(P<0.05).At 3 months after operation,the Constant-Murley score of the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group was higher than that of the coracoid single tunnel fixation group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in visual analogue scale and ASES scores between the two groups(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in the visual analogue scale,Constant-Murley,and ASES scores between the two groups at the corresponding time points before surgery and at the final follow-up(P>0.05).Intraoperative and postoperative complications:In the coracoid single tunnel fixation group,there was one case of coracoid cortical rupture and fracture during the tunnel drilling during the operation,and one case of a loss of reduction at 3 months after operation,which was repositioned and fixed with hook plate transposition of the coracoacromial ligament.All patients had good acromioclavicular joint function recovery and no re-dislocation at the final follow-up.All patients in the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation group did not suffer from coracoid fractures,loss of reduction and other complications during surgery,postoperatively and at the last follow-up.To conclude,these two arthroscopic treatments for acute type Ⅲ-Ⅴ acromioclavicular joint dislocation have the advantages of less trauma,reliable reduction and fixation,and good recovery of shoulder joint function after operation.However,compared with the coracoid single tunnel technique,the coracoid tunnel-free suspension fixation requires shorter time,faster recovery of shoulder joint function in the short term,and avoids the establishment of bone tunnels on the coracoid process,which reduces the probability of iatrogenic fracture of the coracoid process during operation and provides a higher degree of safety.

Objective To compare the long-term survival of elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with surgical versus non-surgical treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of elderly patients aged ≥70 years with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy or radiotherapy/chemotherapy at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to September 2017. Patients were divided into a surgical group (S group) and a non-surgical group (NS group) according to the treatment method. The propensity score matching method was used to match the two groups of patients at a ratio of 1∶1, and the survival of the two groups before and after matching was analyzed. Results A total of 726 elderly patients with ESCC were included, including 552 males and 174 females, with 651 patients aged ≥70-80 years and 75 patients aged ≥80-90 years. There were 515 patients in the S group and 211 patients in the NS group. The median follow-up time was 60.8 months, and the median overall survival of the S group was 41.9 months [95%CI (35.2, 48.5)], while that of the NS group was only 24.0 months [95%CI (19.8, 28.3)]. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of the S group were 84%, 54%, and 40%, respectively, while those of the NS group were 72%, 40%, and 30%, respectively [HR=0.689, 95%CI (0.559, 0.849), P<0.001]. After matching, 138 patients were included in each group, and there was no statistical difference in the overall survival between the two groups [HR=0.871, 95%CI (0.649, 1.167), P=0.352]. Conclusion Compared with conservative treatment, there is no significant difference in the long-term survival of elderly patients aged ≥70 years who undergo esophagectomy for ESCC. Neoadjuvant therapy combined with surgery is still an important choice to potentially improve the survival of elderly patients with ESCC.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the dimensional stability of 3D printed resin master model on the replication accuracy of implant replicas. METHODS: Ten digital impressions of patients undergoing continuous crowns or fixed bridge restoration supported by two implants were obtained, and resin models with implant replicas were 3D printed. Scanning rods were fixed on the replicas 3, 7, and 14 days after printing. The 3D, linear, and angular deviations of the scanning rods at different times were analyzed through Geomagic Wrap 2021 software. RESULTS: The position of the replicas shifted mesiolingually, in the same direction as the shrinkage of the model. From day 7 onward, the 3D, distance linear, and angular deviations of the replicas (scanning rod) significantly increased compared with those on the 3rd day (P<0.05). On the 14th day, the changes were even more pronounced, with the above deviations showing statistical significance (P<0.05) compared with those for the 3-day and 7-day groups. No statistical difference in height linear deviation was observed among the groups. CONCLUSIONS The insufficient dimensional stability of 3D printed resin models can lead to changes in the relative position and angle of the replicas, thereby affecting the accuracy of the replicas in recreating the implant's position. Complete manufacturing of prosthesis is recommended within 7 days after the model is printed.
Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Humans ; Dental Implants ; Models, Dental ; Dental Impression Technique ; Crowns

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of a self-developed extraoral scanning system based on four-camera stereophotogrammetric technology in the acquisition of three-dimensional positional information on dental implants and conduct a comparative study involving an intraoral scanning system. METHODS: With the use of an in vitro edentulous jaw model with implants, extraoral (experimental group) and intraoral (control group) scanning systems were employed to obtain STL (Standard Tessellation Language) datasets containing three-dimensional morphological and positional information on scan bodies. In addition, a dental model scanner was used to obtain reference data. The three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations between groups and reference data were analyzed using Geomagic Wrap 2021 software to compare trueness and precision. RESULTS: The extraoral scanning system demonstrated superior trueness in three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations compared with the intraoral scanning system, with statistically significant differences (P<0.001). The extraoral scanning system also showed a higher precision in three-dimensional morphological deviation (P<0.001). As the number of implants increased, the extraoral scanning system exhibited increased three-dimensional morphological and linear deviations (P<0.001) but maintained a stable angular deviation. The intraoral scanning system displayed significant increases in three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations with the increase in the number of implants (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The stereophotogrammetry-based extraoral scanning system outperforms intraoral scanning system in terms of the accuracy for multi-unit implant positioning and provides a novel approach for attaining a fully digital workflow for implant rehabilitation in edentulous jaws.
Jaw, Edentulous ; Humans ; Dental Impression Technique ; Dental Implants ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Photogrammetry/methods* ; Models, Dental

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of endovascular therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion with early neurological deterioration (END).Methods:Patients with AIS due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion with END underwent endovascular therapy under the multimodal imaging guidance in the Department of Neurology, Huai'an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from June 2019 to April 2023 were collected retrospectively. The modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grading was used to evaluate the vascular recanalization, and grade 2b or 3 was defined as successful recanalization. At 90 days after onset, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the functional outcome, and 0-2 was defined as a good outcome. The patients with onset to femoral artery puncture time ≤24 hours and >24 hours were compared.Results:A total of 19 patients were enrolled, including 13 males, aged 61.16±11.75 years. The median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 4 (interquartile range, 2-5), and the median NIHSS score at END was 13 (interquartile range, 10-20). Twelve patients (63.2%) received intravenous thrombolysis before END. Median baseline Alberta Stroke Project Early CT Score (ASPECTS) was 8 (interquartile range, 7-9); 18 patients (94.7%) achieved successful recanalization, and 2 (10.5%) experienced symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). At 90 days after onset, the mRS scores: 0-2 in 12 cases (63.2%), 3 in 4 cases (21.1%), 5 in 1 case (5.2%), and 6 (death) in 2 cases (10.5%). There were 10 patients (52.6%) in the group with onset time to femoral artery puncture ≤24 hours, and 9 patients (47.4%) in the group with onset time >24 hours. There was significant difference between the two groups only in the ASPECTS ( P=0.035), but there were no significant differences in the postprocedural recanalization rate, sICH incidence rate, and good outcome rate at 90 days. Conclusion:Endovascular therapy under the guidance of multimodal imaging is safe and feasible for AIS patients with END due to anterior circulation occlusion.

Objective:To observe the differences in the positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture after different methods of preventing infection before intravitreal injection (IVI).Methods:A prospective case-control study. A total of 1 200 participants with fundus diseases who received IVI injection at Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from July 2021 to December 2023 were included. Patients were randomly divided into 6 groups according to eye spot with antibiotic solution 3, 1 and 0 days before IVI and local eye disinfection with povidone-iodine (PVI) 3 min and 30 s before IVI: the first 3 days of antibiotics+3 min PVI group, the first 1 day of antibiotics+3 min PVI group, the first 0 days of antibiotics+3 min PVI group, the first 3 days of antibiotics+30 s PVI group, the first 1 day of antibiotics+30 s PVI group, the first 0 days of antibiotics+30 s PVI group, there were 200 cases in each group. Microbial sampling and cultivation of conjunctival sac were conducted before IVI to compare the differences in positive rates among different groups. Multiple group comparisons were conducted using one-way analysis of variance. The comparison of count data is conducted using χ2 test. Results:Among the 1 200 patients, there were 566 males and 634 females. Age (62.59±13.44) years old. There were 397 cases of diabetes and 482 cases of hypertension. IVI frequency (2.35±2.34). 64 cases were positive for conjunctival sac culture before IVI. The age ( F=1.468), sex composition ratio ( χ2=2.876), diabetes ( χ2=10.002), hypertension ( χ2=6.019), times of IVI ( χ2=4.507), and positive rate of conjunctival sac bacterial culture ( χ2 =6.272) of patients in each group had no statistical significance ( P>0.05). Using the duration of antibiotic application before IVI as a stratified factor, there was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of conjunctival sac culture between groups with different durations of antibiotic application before IVI [ χ2=0.414, P=0.52, combined odds ratio ( OR)=0.819, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 0.493-1.360]. Using the duration of PVI application as a stratified factor, there was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of conjunctival sac culture between different PVI disinfection times [ χ2=0.000, P=1.000, combined OR=1.00, 95% CI 0.503-1.988]. Conclusions:Pre IVI treatment with 0.5% PVI for 30 s can inhibit the growth of microbial colonies in the conjunctival sac. The application of local antibiotic eye fluid in the anterior eye of IVI cannot reduce the positive rate of conjunctival sac bacteria.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), and inflammatory factors and incision infection after anal fistula surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 120 patients who underwent anal fistula thread hanging surgery at the First People′s Hospital of Shuangliu District, Chengdu from June 2022 to April 2023. The patients were divided into an infected group (36 cases) and a non infected group (84 cases) based on their postoperative incision infection status. The differences in serum HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1 and inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)] between the infected and non infected groups were compared, and the correlation between CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1 and postoperative infection of anal fistula was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient; The correlation between CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1. And the efficacy of serum HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1, inflammatory factors and their individual and combined diagnosis of incision infection after anal fistula surgery was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results:The levels of serum HIF-1 α, sTREM-1, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the infected group were higher than those before surgery and higher than those in the uninfected group 3 days after surgery; VEGF levels were lower than preoperative levels and lower than those in the non infected group (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that HIF-1α, sTREM-1, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α were positively correlated with postoperative infection in anal fistula ( r=0.456, 0.494, 0.455, 0.510, 0.363, all P<0.05), while VEGF was negatively correlated with postoperative infection in anal fistula ( r=-0.462, P<0.05). CRP, IL-6, TNF-α were positively correlated with HIF-1 α and sTREM-1 ( r=0.574/0.611/0.653, 0.661/0.608/0.610, all P<0.05), while CRP, IL-6, TNF-α were negatively correlated with VEGF ( r=-0.200, -0.207, -0.254, all P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α for diagnosing incision infection after anal fistula surgery were 0.716, 0.787, 0.741, 0.678, 0.792, and 0.688, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnosis of inflammatory factors and 6 data points for postoperative incision infection in anal fistula surgery were 0.836 and 0.921, respectively. Conclusions:Serum levels of HIF-1 α, sTREM-1, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α are abnormally high in patients with incision infection after anal fistula surgery, while VEGF is abnormally low in expression. HIF-1 α, VEGF, sTREM-1, and inflammatory factors can be used as effective indicators for clinical diagnosis of incision infection after anal fistula surgery, and their combined diagnostic value is better. HIF-1 α and sTREM-1 are positively correlated with inflammatory factors, while VEGF is negatively correlated with inflammatory factors.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC).Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 8 458 EC patients who were admitted to Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected. There were 6 923 males and 1 535 females, aged (64±9)years. There were 3 187 patients undergoing surgical treatment, and 5 271 cases undergoing non-surgical treatment. Observation indicators: (1) incidence of VTE in EC patients; (2) treatment and outcomes of patients with VTE. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparameter rank sum test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was analyzed using the nonparameter rank sum test. Results:(1) Incidence of VTE in EC patients. Of 8 458 EC patients, 175 cases developed VTE, with an incidence rate of 2.069%(175/8 458). Among 175 VTE patients, there were 164 cases of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), 4 cases of pulmonary embolism (PE), 7 cases of DVT and PE. There were 59 surgical patients and 116 non-surgical patients. There was no significant difference in thrombus type between surgical and non-surgical EC patients with VTE ( χ2=1.95, P>0.05). Of 3 187 surgical patients, the incidence of VTE was 1.851%(59/3 187), including an incidence of 0.157%(5/3 187) of PE. PE accounted for 8.475%(5/59) of surgical patients with VTE. Of 5 271 non-surgical patients, the incidence of VTE was 2.201%(116/5 271), including an incidence of 0.114%(6/5 271) of PE. PE accounted for 5.172%(6/116) of non-surgical patients with VTE. There was no significant difference in the incidence of VTE or PE between surgical patients and non-surgical patients ( χ2=1.20, 0.05, P>0.05). (2) Treatment and outcomes of patients with VTE. Among 175 EC patients with VTE, 163 cases underwent drug treatment, and 12 cases did not receive treatment. Among 163 cases with drug therapy, 158 cases underwent anticoagulant therapy, 5 cases were treated with thrombolysis. All the 163 patients were improved and discharged from hospital. Conclusions:The incidence of VTE in patients with EC is relatively low, as 2.069%. There is no significant difference in the incidence of VTE or thrombus type between surgical EC patients and non-surgical EC patients.

Objective:To study the feasibility of domestic flow diverter(TFD) for the treatment of unruptured internal carotid artery small- and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study.The study retrospectively evaluated consecutive 54 patients with unruptured intracranial small- and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms treated with TFD in the Department of Cerebrovascular Disease,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between October 2019 and January 2024. There were 11 males and 43 females, and the age of patients was (54.9±9.6) years (range:36 to 74 years). There were 63 aneurysms in 54 patients,6 of which were tandem multiple small aneurysms. One case had saccular aneurysms of bilateral internal carotid artery. The maximum diameter of aneurysm was (4.1±0.8) mm (range: 1.5 to 10.0 mm).The ratio of the maximum diameter of the aneurysm to the neck width diameter was 1.3±0.4 (range:0.4 to 2.4). The surgical and follow-up data were collected. The aneurysm embolization rate at the immediate operation and follow-up,and the complications were analyzed. The degree of aneurysm embolization was evaluated using the O′Kelly-Marotta (OKM) grading system,with OKM grade D as complete occlusion and grade C and above (C1,C2,C3 and D) as successful occlusion. Clinical outcomes of all patients were evaluated by modified Rankin scale(mRS).Results:For 63 aneurysms, 48 aneurysms were treated with TFD alone,and 15 aneurysms were treated with a combination of TFD and coiling. The immediate postoperative successful occlusion rate was 14.3% (9/63) and the complete occlusion rate was 3.2% (2/63). Follow-up results were obtained for all of the patients. The follow-up time ( M(IQR)) was 124 (182) days (range: 85 to 754 days). The time to aneurysm successful occlusion was 140.5 (151.5) days (range: 85 to 308 days). At final follow-up,the successful aneurysm occlusion rate was 68.3% (43/63) and the complete occlusion rate was 58.7% (37/63). The complete occlusion rate of the TFD group was 50.0% (24/48) and the TFD+coiling group was 13/15. All patients had no aneurysm rupture,ischemic complications and no recurrence of the aneurysm needed to retreatment during the intraoperative and follow-up period. A total of 3 mild haemorrhagic complications which were related to dual-antiplatelet agents. Twelve patients had asymptomatic mild-moderate stent stenosis. TFD covered 66 branch vessels totally. Only 6 branches were affected by the time of the last follow-up and none of the patients had relevant ischaemic symptoms. All of 54 patients were evaluated as mRS score<2 points at the last follow-up. Conclusion:Using TFD to treat internal carotid artery unruptured small and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms can simplify the surgical procedure with low complication rate, which is a clinically optional treatment approach.

Objective:To study the feasibility of domestic flow diverter(TFD) for the treatment of unruptured internal carotid artery small- and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study.The study retrospectively evaluated consecutive 54 patients with unruptured intracranial small- and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms treated with TFD in the Department of Cerebrovascular Disease,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between October 2019 and January 2024. There were 11 males and 43 females, and the age of patients was (54.9±9.6) years (range:36 to 74 years). There were 63 aneurysms in 54 patients,6 of which were tandem multiple small aneurysms. One case had saccular aneurysms of bilateral internal carotid artery. The maximum diameter of aneurysm was (4.1±0.8) mm (range: 1.5 to 10.0 mm).The ratio of the maximum diameter of the aneurysm to the neck width diameter was 1.3±0.4 (range:0.4 to 2.4). The surgical and follow-up data were collected. The aneurysm embolization rate at the immediate operation and follow-up,and the complications were analyzed. The degree of aneurysm embolization was evaluated using the O′Kelly-Marotta (OKM) grading system,with OKM grade D as complete occlusion and grade C and above (C1,C2,C3 and D) as successful occlusion. Clinical outcomes of all patients were evaluated by modified Rankin scale(mRS).Results:For 63 aneurysms, 48 aneurysms were treated with TFD alone,and 15 aneurysms were treated with a combination of TFD and coiling. The immediate postoperative successful occlusion rate was 14.3% (9/63) and the complete occlusion rate was 3.2% (2/63). Follow-up results were obtained for all of the patients. The follow-up time ( M(IQR)) was 124 (182) days (range: 85 to 754 days). The time to aneurysm successful occlusion was 140.5 (151.5) days (range: 85 to 308 days). At final follow-up,the successful aneurysm occlusion rate was 68.3% (43/63) and the complete occlusion rate was 58.7% (37/63). The complete occlusion rate of the TFD group was 50.0% (24/48) and the TFD+coiling group was 13/15. All patients had no aneurysm rupture,ischemic complications and no recurrence of the aneurysm needed to retreatment during the intraoperative and follow-up period. A total of 3 mild haemorrhagic complications which were related to dual-antiplatelet agents. Twelve patients had asymptomatic mild-moderate stent stenosis. TFD covered 66 branch vessels totally. Only 6 branches were affected by the time of the last follow-up and none of the patients had relevant ischaemic symptoms. All of 54 patients were evaluated as mRS score<2 points at the last follow-up. Conclusion:Using TFD to treat internal carotid artery unruptured small and medium-sized wide-neck aneurysms can simplify the surgical procedure with low complication rate, which is a clinically optional treatment approach.